Idris II Katagarmabe
| Idris II Katagarmabe | |
|---|---|
| Mai of the Kanem–Bornu Empire | |
| Reign | 1503–1525 |
| Predecessor | Ali I Gaji |
| Successor | Muhammad VI Aminami |
| Spouse | Zainab |
| Issue | Muhammad VI Aminami Ali II Zainami |
| Dynasty | Sayfawa dynasty |
| Father | Ali I Gaji |
| Mother | Aisa |
Idris II Katagarmabe[1] or Katakarmabe[2] (Idrīs Katagarmabe bin ʿAlī[1]) was the mai of the Kanem–Bornu Empire in 1503–1525.[1] Idris is most known for two military campaigns against the Bilala people, during which he reconquered Kanem, the ancient homeland of the empire, lost to the Bilala over a century prior.[2]
Life
[edit]Idris was the son of Ali I Gaji and Aisa[3] and succeeded his father as mai in 1503.[1]
A "worthy son and successor of Ali",[4] Idris began his reign with a military campaign against the Bilala people, who had occupied Kanem, the ancient homeland of the empire (east of Lake Chad), nearly a century prior.[4] During this campaign, Idris defeated the Bilala leader Dunama at Gharni Kiyala, and then triumphantly entered the original Kanem–Bornu capital of Njimi.[4] On his return to Bornu, Idris learnt that Dunama's brother A'dim had usurped power over the Bilala. He returned to Kanem again, defeating A'dim[4] and occupying Njimi for a second time.[5]
Idris chose to not return the capital of the empire to Njimi.[5][6] Idris's father Ali had established a new imperial capital, Ngazargamu, in Bornu[7] and the center of the empire remained west of Lake Chad.[8][9] After A'dim's defeat, the Bilala were vassalised and allowed to continue to govern Kanem[4] as a province.[6]
Idris and his consort Zainab had at least two sons, Muhammad VI Aminami and Ali II Zainami.[3] Muhammad VI Aminami succeeded his father as mai in 1525.[1]
References
[edit]- ^ a b c d e Bosworth, Clifford Edmund (2012) [1996]. The New Islamic Dynasties: A Chronological and Genealogical Manual. Edinburgh University Press. p. 127. ISBN 0-7486-2137-7.
- ^ a b Lange, Dierk (2011), "Idris Katakarmabe", Dictionary of African Biography, Oxford University Press, doi:10.1093/acref/9780195382075.001.0001/acref-9780195382075-e-0908, ISBN 978-0-19-538207-5, retrieved 2025-06-08
- ^ a b Cohen, Ronald (1966). "The Bornu King Lists". Boston University Papers on Africa: Volume II: African History. Boston University Press. p. 81.
- ^ a b c d e Barth, Heinrich (1857). Travels and Discoveries in North and Central Africa: Being a Journal of an Expedition Undertaken... 1849-1855. Longmans. pp. 645–646.
- ^ a b Fisher, H. J. (1977). "The eastern Maghrib and the central Sudan". The Cambridge History of Africa: Volume 3: from c. 1050 to c. 1600. Cambridge University Press. p. 292. ISBN 978-0-521-20981-6.
- ^ a b Hasan, Masudul (1998). History of Islam: Classical period, 1206-1900 C.E. Adam Publishers & Distributers. p. 631.
- ^ Gronenborn, Detlef (2001). "Kanem-Borno: A Brief Summary of the History and Archaeology of an Empire of the Central bilad al-sudan". West Africa During the Atlantic Slave Trade: Archaeological Perspectives. Bloomsbury. p. 110. ISBN 978-1-4742-9104-0.
- ^ Nave, Ari (2005). "Chad". Africana: The Encyclopedia of the African and African American Experience. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-517055-9.
- ^ Stewart, John (1989). African States and Rulers: An Encyclopedia of Native, Colonial and Independent States and Rulers Past and Present. McFarland & Company. p. 35.