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WISE 0146+4234

Coordinates: Sky map 01h 46m 56.66s, +42° 34′ 10″
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WISE J014656.66+423410.0

Hubble images of WISE 0146+4234 AB over three epochs, showing the increasing separation of the pair
Observation data
Epoch J2000      Equinox J2000
Constellation Andromeda[1]
Right ascension 01h 46m 57.111s[2]
Declination +42° 34′ 10.34″[2]
Characteristics
Spectral type T9/Y0[3]
Apparent magnitude (H) 18.71±0.24[4]
Astrometry
Proper motion (μ) RA: −451.6±0.9 mas/yr[2]
Dec.: −33.1±0.9 mas/yr[2]
Parallax (π)51.7±2.0 mas[2]
Distance63 ± 2 ly
(19.3 ± 0.7 pc)
Position (relative to WISE 0146+4234A)[3]
ComponentWISE 0146+4234B
Angular distance0.0875±0.0021″
Position angle259.7±1.3°
Projected separation1.69±0.106 AU [5]
Details[3]
WISE 0146+4234A
Mass11±4[6] MJup
Radius0.913+0.023
−0.025 RJup
Surface gravity (log g)4.69+0.13
−0.11 cgs
Temperature345±45 K
Age5±3[6] Gyr
WISE 0146+4234B
Mass10±4[6] MJup
Radius0.919+0.034
−0.015 RJup
Surface gravity (log g)4.65+0.14
−0.12 cgs
Temperature330±45 K
Other designations
WISE J014656.66+423410.0,[4]
WISE 0146+4234[4]
Database references
SIMBADdata

WISE J014656.66+423410.0 (designation abbreviated to WISE 0146+4234) is a binary brown dwarf of spectral classes T9 and Y0[3] located in the constellation Andromeda. It is approximately 60 light-years from Earth.[7]

Analysis of the spectrum shows that the binary is probably old and has a total mass of 32+5
−6 MJ for an age of 10 billion years. If it is however young (about 1 billion years), it would be a pair of planetary-mass objects with a total mass of 8.7+1.3
−1.6 MJ. For an old system an orbital period of ≤10 years was predicted.[3] Another work estimated an age of 5 ±3 billion years, which was then used to estimate masses of 7-15 MJ and 6-14 MJ.[6] The binary was observed with JWST NIRSpec and MIRI. The unresolved spectrum shows strong absorption due to ammonia and methane, as well as weak carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide absoption. The researchers find that the spectrum resembles a combination of W0751 (484 K) and W1405 (392 K), but comparisons with models yields different temperatures (550 K and 325 K). The components have a large difference in Spitzer color, while having a small difference in temperature (92 ± 23 K). This could hint at atmospheric changes at the T/Y transition.[5]

Discovery

[edit]

WISE 0146+4234 was discovered in 2012 by J. Davy Kirkpatrick et al. from data, collected by Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE) Earth-orbiting satellite — NASA infrared-wavelength 40 cm (16 in) space telescope, which mission lasted from December 2009 to February 2011. In 2012 Kirkpatrick et al. published a paper in The Astrophysical Journal, where they presented discovery of seven new found by WISE brown dwarfs of spectral type Y, among which also was WISE 0146+4234.[4]

Distance

[edit]

The distance of WISE 0146+4234 was initially estimated to be 20 light-years from earth.[4] Later measurements of its stellar parallax showed that it was actually 60 light-years away.[7]

See also

[edit]

The other six discoveries of brown dwarfs, published in Kirkpatrick et al. (2012):[4]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Roman, Nancy G. (1987). "Identification of a constellation from a position". Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific. 99 (617): 695. Bibcode:1987PASP...99..695R. doi:10.1086/132034. Constellation record for this object at VizieR.
  2. ^ a b c d Kirkpatrick, J. Davy; Gelino, Christopher R.; Faherty, Jacqueline K.; Meisner, Aaron M.; Caselden, Dan; Schneider, Adam C.; Marocco, Federico; Cayago, Alfred J.; Smart, R. L.; Eisenhardt, Peter R.; Kuchner, Marc J.; Wright, Edward L.; Cushing, Michael C.; Allers, Katelyn N.; Bardalez Gagliuffi, Daniella C. (2021-03-01). "The Field Substellar Mass Function Based on the Full-sky 20 pc Census of 525 L, T, and Y Dwarfs". The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series. 253 (1): 7. arXiv:2011.11616. Bibcode:2021ApJS..253....7K. doi:10.3847/1538-4365/abd107. ISSN 0067-0049.
  3. ^ a b c d e Dupuy, Trent J.; et al. (2015). "Discovery of a Low-luminosity, Tight Substellar Binary at the T/Y Transition". The Astrophysical Journal. 803 (2). 102. arXiv:1502.04707. Bibcode:2015ApJ...803..102D. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/803/2/102. S2CID 118507808.
  4. ^ a b c d e f Kirkpatrick, J. Davy; et al. (2012). "Further Defining Spectral Type "Y" and Exploring the Low-mass End of the Field Brown Dwarf Mass Function". The Astrophysical Journal. 753 (2). 156. arXiv:1205.2122. Bibcode:2012ApJ...753..156K. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/753/2/156. S2CID 119279752.
  5. ^ a b Bardalez Gagliuffi, Daniella C.; Faherty, Jacqueline K.; Suarez, Genaro; Sherelyn Alejandro Merchan; Lacy, Brianna; Burningham, Ben; Matuszewska, Klara; Kiman, Rocio; Vos, Johanna M.; Rothermich, Austin; Gagne, Jonathan; Morley, Caroline; Rowland, Melanie J.; Caselden, Dan; Meisner, Aaron; Schneider, Adam C.; Kuchner, Marc J.; Beichman, Charles A.; Eisenhardt, Peter R.; Gelino, Christopher R.; Gharib-Nezhad, Ehsan; Gonzales, Eileen C.; Marocco, Federico; Whiteford, Niall; Davy Kirkpatrick, J. (2025). "The Diversity of Cold Worlds: A blended-light binary straddling the T/Y transition in brown dwarfs". The Astrophysical Journal. 984 (1): 74. arXiv:2503.02025. Bibcode:2025ApJ...984...74B. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/adb61e.
  6. ^ a b c d Fontanive, Clémence; Biller, Beth; Bonavita, Mariangela; Allers, Katelyn (2018-09-01). "Constraining the multiplicity statistics of the coolest brown dwarfs: binary fraction continues to decrease with spectral type". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 479 (2): 2702–2727. arXiv:1806.08737. Bibcode:2018MNRAS.479.2702F. doi:10.1093/mnras/sty1682. ISSN 0035-8711.
  7. ^ a b Leggett, Sandy K.; et al. (2017). "The Y-type Brown Dwarfs: Estimates of Mass and Age from New Astrometry, Homogenized Photometry, and Near-infrared Spectroscopy". The Astrophysical Journal. 842 (2). 118. arXiv:1704.03573. Bibcode:2017ApJ...842..118L. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/aa6fb5. S2CID 119249195.
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