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Seal and logotype of SONAMI.
2025 Sonami earthquake
UTC time2025-05-02 12:58:26
USGS-ANSSComCat
Local dateMay 2, 2025 (2025-05-02)
Local time08:58:26 UTC−04:00
MagnitudeMww 7.4, ML 7.5
Depth10 km (6.2 mi)
Epicenter56°46′55″S 68°12′32″W / 56.782°S 68.209°W / -56.782; -68.209
Max. intensityMMI V (Moderate)
Tsunami14 cm (5.5 in)
Aftershocks50+
Strongest: Mww  6.4

The 2025 Sonami earthquake was a seismic event that occurred on 2 May 2025, at 08:58 local time (12:58 UTC).[1][2] The earthquake registered a magnitude of 7.4 on the moment magnitude scale and 7.5 on the Richter scale. Its epicentre was located 218 km south of Puerto Williams, Chile, at a depth of 10 km.[3][4] The event was caused by the interaction between the Scotia and Antarctic tectonic plates[5] and is considered the strongest earthquake recorded in the southernmost regions of Chile and Argentina since the 1949 Tierra del Fuego earthquake.[6]

Due to the earthquake's magnitude and shallow depth, authorities issued tsunami alerts and ordered evacuations in southern Chile and Argentina.[7][8] In Chile, the tsunami alert was later downgraded to a precautionary advisory for mainland Chile, while the tsunami risk for Antarctica was cancelled.[2][9][10]

Tectonic setting

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The region between the southern tip of South America and the Antarctic Peninsula is dominated by the Drake Passage and, to its east, the Scotia Sea. This sea corresponds with the Scotia Plate, a tectonic microplate situated between the Antarctic and South American plates. The plate lies above an ocean floor that rises from approximately 3,800 m in the west to about 2,300 m in the east. The region has experienced several moderate-to-strong earthquakes in recent decades, including events in 2003, 2013, 2018, and 2021. Despite their magnitude and shallow depth, previous events in the area did not result in significant damage or tsunamis.[11]

Earthquake details

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The earthquake struck at 08:58 local time, approximately 228 km from Cape Horn and 220 km from Ushuaia, Argentina, within the Drake Passage.[12] According to Chile's National Seismological Center, the epicentre was located 218 km south of Puerto Williams, at a depth of 10 km. The strongest perceived intensity was IV on the Mercalli intensity scale, reported in the commune of Timaukel, in the Magallanes and Chilean Antarctic Region.[13] In Punta Arenas, the regional capital, the quake was weakly felt, registering intensity III.[14] No damage or injuries were reported in Chile.[15]

In Argentina, the earthquake was felt in the cities of Ushuaia, Tolhuin, and Río Grande, in the province of Tierra del Fuego, without any reported damage.[16][17]

A series of aftershocks followed the main event, the most significant of which occurred at 09:07 local time, with a magnitude of 6.1 and an epicentre located 245 km south of Puerto Williams.[18]

The United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) estimated that wave heights could reach between 30 cm and 1 m in Antarctica and between 1 m and 3 m along other parts of the Chilean coast.[15]

Emergency response

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Following the event, the Hydrographic and Oceanographic Service of the Chilean Navy (SHOA) issued a tsunami alert at 10:22 for the coastal areas of the Magallanes Region, which was subsequently downgraded to a precautionary advisory. A separate precautionary advisory was issued for the Chilean Antarctic Territory. Chile's National Disaster Prevention and Response Service (SENAPRED) ordered preventive evacuations of coastal zones in the Magallanes Region and beach areas in the Antarctic Territory, with alerts disseminated via the Emergency Alert System.[13]

As of 10:38, approximately 1,800 people had been evacuated from the Chilean communes of Puerto Williams, Puerto Natales, Porvenir, and Río Verde, along with 32 individuals from the Antarctic bases Prat and O'Higgins.[13] The evacuation orders were lifted shortly before noon.[14]

In Argentina, the Secretariat of Civil Protection of Tierra del Fuego issued a statement urging caution due to the potential for large waves along the southern coast and temporarily suspended aquatic and navigation activities in the Beagle Channel.[15] An official from the regional civil protection agency reported to local media that approximately 2,000 people had been evacuated from the Argentine coastline.[8]

Felipe Aron of the Research Center for Integrated Disaster Risk Management (CIGIDEN) opined after the earthquake that "[t]his earthquake allows us to learn more about little-studied areas and how our alerts work in remote territories."[19]

See also

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References

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  1. ^ "M 7.4 - 2025 Drake Passage Earthquake". earthquake.usgs.gov. Retrieved 2025-05-02.
  2. ^ a b "Chile lifts tsunami alert after 7.4 Drake Passage earthquake – DW – 05/02/2025". dw.com. Retrieved 2025-05-02.
  3. ^ Espinoza, Analí (2025-05-02). "Terremoto de magnitud 7.5 en Chile genera alerta de tsunami: ¿Cómo afecta al Perú?". infobae (in European Spanish). Retrieved 2025-05-02.
  4. ^ "Levantaron alerta de tsunami tras terremoto de magnitud 7.4 sacudió al sur de Argentina y Chile este viernes". El Colombiano (in Spanish). 2025-05-02. Retrieved 2025-05-02.
  5. ^ Vallejos, Leonardo (2 May 2025). ""Placa antártica tratando de penetrar la placa de Scotia": Sismología explica terremoto en Puerto Williams". Emol. Retrieved 2 May 2025.
  6. ^ Montes, Carlos (2 May 2025). "Magallanes registra el terremoto más fuerte en 75 años por activación de desconocida falla de Scotia". La Tercera. Retrieved 2 May 2025.
  7. ^ "SHOA declara amenaza de tsunami por fuerte sismo en Magallanes". Cooperativa. 2 May 2025. Retrieved 2 May 2025.
  8. ^ a b "Evacuations in Chile and Argentina after tsunami warning". www.bbc.com. 2025-05-02. Retrieved 2025-05-05.
  9. ^ "#Ahora Se registra #sismo en la Región de Magallanes". X. SENAPRED. May 2, 2025. Retrieved May 2, 2025.
  10. ^ "SHOA cancela "parcialmente" amenaza de tsunami para las costas de Chile". ADN Radio. 2 May 2025. Retrieved 2 May 2025.
  11. ^ Vial, Alejandro (January 2021). "Terremotos en el Mar de Drake, años 2003, 2013, 2018 y 2021". geofisica.cl. Retrieved 2025-05-02.
  12. ^ "Dónde fue el epicentro del terremoto de Chile y Ushuaia". LA NACION (in Spanish). 2025-05-02. Retrieved 2025-05-02.
  13. ^ a b c "Se cancela Alerta Roja para las comunas del borde costero continental de la Región de Magallanes por Tsunami". Servicio Nacional de Prevención y Respuesta ante Desastres (in Spanish). Retrieved 2025-05-02.
  14. ^ a b Dote, Sebastián; Sanhueza, Ana María (2025-05-02). "Un terremoto de magnitud 7,5 en la región chilena de Magallanes activa el estado de precaución por riesgo de tsunami". El País Chile (in Spanish). Retrieved 2025-05-02.
  15. ^ a b c "Chile reduce alerta de tsunami tras terremoto de magnitud 7,5". France 24. 2025-05-02. Retrieved 2025-05-02.
  16. ^ "¿Lo sentiste? Un sismo de 6.6 grados sacude a Tierra del Fuego". Ushuaia 24 (in Spanish). 2025-05-02. Retrieved 2025-05-02.
  17. ^ "Sismo en Ushuaia: "No se ha reportado ningún daño en la ciudad"". Ushuaia 24 (in Spanish). 2025-05-02. Retrieved 2025-05-02.
  18. ^ "Tras fuerte terremoto en el sur: Se han registrado al menos 18 réplicas en la misma zona". CNN Chile. Retrieved 2025-05-02.
  19. ^ "¿Qué hace tan especial al terremoto que sacudió Magallanes?". uc.cl (in Spanish). Pontifical Catholic University of Chile. 2025-05-07. Retrieved 2025-05-13.

Drake Passage Category:Earthquakes in Chile Category:May 2025 in Chile Category:Earthquakes in Argentina Category:2025 in Argentina

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