User:Grantus4504
Example 1
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About me
[edit]My name is Grant Sherman. I have a BSc in Astrophysics from Cardiff University where my tutor Mike Edmunds taught me about the interstellar medium.
I have an MSc in Analytical Biology from Warwick University. This was a course designed by Prof Jacqueline McGlade and included lectures from E. J. Milner-Gulland, Graham Medley and Jack Cohen. The course introduced me to the ideas of Jurgen Habermas, John Dryzek, Ulrich Beck
From 2006 to 2019, I lived on Lundy, a small island in the Bristol Channel, UK. I worked in the Marisco Tavern, but my main reason for living there was the seabirds. Lundy is home to three species of auks, the Common Guillemot, the Razorbill and the Atlantic Puffin. Manx Shearwaters and European Shags also breed on the island as well as four species of Gull: Great Black-backed Gull, Lesser Black-backed Gull, Herring Gull, and Black-legged Kittiwake.
Are there sharks on Europa?
[edit]I told my granson that there are oceans under the ice of Europa.
He asked me "Are there sharks on Europa?"
Stellar nucleosynthesis Asymptotic giant branch Interstellar medium Molecular cloud Star formation Protoplanetary disc Carbonaceous chondrites Abiogenesis
- Astrobiology, published by Mary Ann Liebert, Inc., is a peer-reviewed journal that explores the origins of life, evolution, distribution, and destiny in the universe.
- Mix, Lucas; Cady, Sherry L. and McKay, Christopher; eds. (2024). The Astrobiology Primer 3.0 is a special issue of the Astrobiology journal compiled by 12 editors and 60 authors that provides an overview of the current state of research in astrobiology.
- Chapter 1: The Astrobiology Primer 3.0
- Chapter 2: What is Life?
- Chapter 3: The Origins and Evolution of Planetary Systems
- Chapter 4: A Geological and Chemical Context for the Origins of Life on Early Earth
- Chapter 5: Major Biological Innovations in the History of Life on Earth
- Chapter 6: The Breadth and Limits of Life on Earth
- Chapter 7: Assessing Habitability Beyond Earth
- Chapter 8: Searching for Life Beyond Earth
- Chapter 9: Life as We Don't Know It
- Chapter 10: Planetary Protection - History, Science and the Future
- Chapter 11: Astrobiology Education, Engagement and Resources
- Mix, Lucas; Cady, Sherry L. and McKay, Christopher; eds. (2024). The Astrobiology Primer 3.0 is a special issue of the Astrobiology journal compiled by 12 editors and 60 authors that provides an overview of the current state of research in astrobiology.
help pages
[edit]places
[edit]Birds (General)
[edit]Birds (Specific)
[edit]Asteroids and Meteorites
[edit]Extra-terrestrial occurrence
[edit]Extra-terrestrial nicotinic acid and nicotinamide have been found in carbonaceous chondrite meteorites[1] and in sample-returns from the asteroids 162173 Ryugu[2][3] and 101955 Bennu.[4]
Extra-terrestrial vitamin B3 vitamers have been found in carbonaceous chondrite meteorites and in sample-returns from the asteroids 162173 Ryugu and 101955 Bennu.
| Asteroid | Nicotinic acid | Nicotinamide |
|---|---|---|
| 101955 Bennu[4] | 0.43 nmol/g | not reported |
| 162173 Ryugu | 0.40 nmol/g[4], 99ppb[3] | not detected[3] |
| Meteorite | Nicotinic acid | Nicotinamide |
| Orgueil[3] | 715ppb | 214ppb |
| Murray[1] | 626ppb | 65ppb |
| Murchison | 2.4 nmol/g[4], 190ppb[1] | 16ppb[1] |
| Tagish Lake[1] | 108ppb | 5ppb |
75%-99% of the organic carbon in CI and CM carbonaceous chondrites is an insoluble complex material[5]. That is similar to the description for kerogen. A kerogen-like material is also in the ALH84001 Martian meteorite (an achondrite).
The CM meteorite Murchison has over 96 extraterrestrial amino acids and other compounds including carboxylic acids, hydroxy carboxylic acids, sulphonic and phosphonic acids, aliphatic, aromatic and polar hydrocarbons, fullerenes, heterocycles, carbonyl compounds, alcohols, amines and amides.
References
[edit]- ^ a b c d e Oba Y, Takano Y, Furukawa Y, Koga T, Glavin DP, Dworkin JP, Naraoka H (April 2022). "Identifying the wide diversity of extraterrestrial purine and pyrimidine nucleobases in carbonaceous meteorites". Nature Communications. 13 (1): 2008. doi:10.1038/s41467-022-29612-x. PMC 9042847. PMID 35473908.
- ^ Strickland A (22 March 2023). "RNA compound and vitamin B3 found in samples from near-Earth asteroid". CNN. Retrieved 22 March 2023.
- ^ a b c d Oba Y, Koga T, Takano Y, Ogawa NO, Ohkouchi N, Sasaki K, Sato H, Glavin DP, Dworkin JP, Naraoka H, Tachibana S, Yurimoto H, Nakamura T, Noguchi T, Okazaki R (2023-03-21). "Uracil in the carbonaceous asteroid (162173) Ryugu". Nature Communications. 14 (1): 1292. Bibcode:2023NatCo..14.1292O. doi:10.1038/s41467-023-36904-3. ISSN 2041-1723. PMC 10030641. PMID 36944653. S2CID 257641373.
- ^ a b c d Glavin DP, Dworkin JP, Alexander CM, Aponte JC, Baczynski AA, Barnes JJ, Bechtel HA, Berger EL, Burton AS, Caselli P, Chung AH, Clemett SJ, Cody GD, Dominguez G, Elsila JE, Farnsworth KK, Foustoukos DI, Freeman KH, Furukawa Y, Gainsforth Z, Graham HV, Grassi T, Giuliano BM, Hamilton VE, Haenecour P, Heck PR, Hofmann AE, House CH, Huang Y, Kaplan HH, Keller LP, Kim B, Koga T, Liss M, McLain HL, Marcus MA, Matney M, McCoy TJ, McIntosh OM, Mojarro A, Naraoka H, Nguyen AN, Nuevo M, Nuth JA, Oba Y, Parker ET, Peretyazhko TS, Sandford SA, Santos E, Schmitt-Kopplin P, Seguin F, Simkus DN, Shahid A, Takano Y, Thomas-Keprta KL, Tripathi H, Weiss G, Zheng Y, Lunning NG, Righter K, Connolly HC, Lauretta DS (2025). "Abundant ammonia and nitrogen-rich soluble organic matter in samples from asteroid (101955) Bennu". Nature Astronomy. 9 (2): 199–210. doi:10.1038/s41550-024-02472-9. PMC 11842271. PMID 39990238.
- ^ Alexander, C.M.O'D.; Fogel, M.; Yabuta, H.; Cody, G.D. (2007). "The origin and evolution of chondrites recorded in the elemental and isotopic compositions of their macromolecular organic matter". Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta. 71 (17): 4380–4403. doi:10.1016/j.gca.2007.06.052. Retrieved 19 March 2025.
- ^ Furukawa, Yoshihiro; Chikaraishi, Yoshito; Ohkouchi, Naohiko; Ogawa, Nanako O.; Glavin, Daniel P.; Dworkin, Jason P.; Abe, Chiaki; Nakamura, Tomoki (2019). "Extraterrestrial ribose and other sugars in primitive meteorites". PNAS. 116 (49): 24440–24445. doi:10.1073/pnas.1907169116. Retrieved 5 March 2025.