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User:Don Lope/Sandbox French Open

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A man with long, brown hair, in a green sleeveless shirt and a green headband places a tennis ball on his racket, which he holds with his left hand. In the background is a red clay court
Spaniard Rafael Nadal took four straight titles from 2005 to 2008, collecting a 31–1 record in the event.[1]

The French Open,[a] known originally as the Internationaux de France[2] is an annual tennis tournament created in 1891 and played on outdoor red clay courts at the Stade Roland Garros in Paris, France.[3] The men's singles was the first event contested in 1891.[4] The French Open is played during two weeks in late May, early June, and has been chronologically the second of the four Grand Slam tournaments of the tennis season since 1987. The event was not held from 1915 to 1919 because of World War I, and officially from 1940 to 1945 because of World War II.[5]

The Racing Club de France and and the Stade Français of Paris alternatively held the event, until competition was moved in 1928 to the newly-built Stade Roland Garros. Until 1924, the tournament was reserved to French tennis clubs members, the first edition opened to international players taking place in 1925.[6] From 1941 to 1945, the Vichy regime requisitioned the site and held a Tournoi de France, for French players only, won twice by Bernard Destremau and thrice by Yvon Petra. Those editions are counted out of the tournament's history.[7][8]

The men's singles' rules have undergone several changes since the first edition. The event has always been contested in a knockout format. Records show matches were played at the best-of-three sets format until 1902 or 1903, and at the best-of-five afterwards, except from 1973 to 1975, when early rounds were played at the best-of-three. The lingering death best-of-twelve points tie-break was introduced in 1973 for the first four sets.[9]

The champion receives a miniature replica of the silver-gilt Coupe des Mousquetaires, named after the The Four Musketeers of French tennis; Jean Borotra, Jacques Brugnon, Henri Cochet and René Lacoste.[10] In 2009, the winner received prize money of €1,060,000.[11]

Max Decugis (winner, 1903–1904, 1907–1909, 1912–1914) holds the all-time record for most titles in the men's singles with eight victories, however all his wins came when the tournament was reserved to French tennis club members. With the tournament an international competition, the record for most titles stands at six, and is held by Björn Borg (1974–1975, 1978–1981). The all-time record for most consecutive titles, at four, is co-held by Paul Aymé (1897–1900, all titles within the club members only format), Björn Borg (1978–1981) and Rafael Nadal (2005–2008).[5][9]

Champions

[edit]
A man in white pants and a dark cardigan poses for the camera, holding a wooden racket under his right arm
Maurice Germot won three of the six finals he reached at the event.
A tall man in white pants and a dark cardigan poses for the camera, holding a wodden racket behind his back
André Gobert won in 1911 and 1920.
A man in white pants and a white shirt steps back, holding a wooden racket in his right hand
Musketeer Henri Cochet took five titles in Paris.
A black-haired man in a white shirt and a black sweater poses for the camera
René Lacoste won thrice at Roland-Garros.
A black-haired man looks towards the camera, sitting in a chair, and holding a blue towel in his hands
Manuel Santana was the first Spaniard to win the event in 1961 and 1964.
A man dressed in white, with shorts and a polo shirt, with a wooden racket in his left hand, bends his knees in front of a tennis net, on a grass court
Grand Slam winner Rod Laver titled twice in Paris.
A man in a white warm-up jacket looks into the camera as he poses, holding a silver trophy in his hands
Mats Wilander is a three-time French Open champion.
A red-haired man in a white shirt, is seen from his left profile, laughing
Gustavo 'Guga' Kuerten won in 1997, 2000 and 2001.
Regular competition
Clubs members only event *
No competition •
Year[b] Country Champion Country Runner-up Score in the final
1891 GBR H. Briggs * FRA P. Baigneres 6–3, 6–2
1892 FRA Jean Schopfer * GBR Fassitt 6–2, 1–6, 6–2
1893 FRA Laurent Riboulet * FRA Jean Schopfer 6–3, 6–3
1894 FRA André Vacherot * FRA Gérard Brosselin 1–6, 6–3, 6–3
1895 FRA André Vacherot * FRA Laurent Riboulet 9–7, 6–2
1896 FRA André Vacherot * FRA Gérard Brosselin 6–1, 7–5
1897 FRA Paul Aymé * GBR Francky Wardan 4–6, 6–4, 6–2
1898 FRA Paul Aymé * FRA Paul Lebreton —
1899 FRA Paul Aymé * FRA Paul Lebreton —
1900 FRA Paul Aymé * FRA André Prévost —
1901 FRA André Vacherot * FRA Paul Lebreton —
1902 FRA Michel Vacherot * FRA Max Decugis 6–4, 6–2
1903 FRA Max Decugis * FRA André Vacherot —
1904 FRA Max Decugis * FRA André Vacherot 6–1, 9–7, 6–8, 6–1
1905 FRA Maurice Germot * FRA André Vacherot —
1906 FRA Maurice Germot * FRA Max Decugis —
1907 FRA Max Decugis * FRA Robert Wallet —
1908 FRA Max Decugis * FRA Maurice Germot —
1909 FRA Max Decugis * FRA Maurice Germot —
1910 FRA Maurice Germot * FRA François Blanchy —
1911 FRA André Gobert * FRA Maurice Germot —
1912 FRA Max Decugis * FRA André Gobert —
1913 FRA Max Decugis * FRA Georges Gault —
1914 FRA Max Decugis * FRA Jean Samazeuilh 3–6, 6–1, 6–4, 6–4
1915 — None •[c] — — —
1916 — None • — — —
1917 — None • — — —
1918 — None • — — —
1919 — None • — — —
1920 FRA André Gobert * FRA Max Decugis 6–3, 3–6, 1–6, 6–2, 6–3
1921 FRA Jean Samazeuilh * FRA André Gobert 6–3, 6–3, 2–6, 7–5
1922 FRA Henri Cochet * FRA Jean Samazeuilh 8–6, 6–3, 7–5
1923 FRA François Blanchy * FRA Max Decugis 1–6, 6–2, 6–0, 6–2
1924 FRA Jean Borotra * FRA René Lacoste 7–5, 6–4, 0–6, 5–7, 6–2
1925 FRA René Lacoste FRA Jean Borotra 7–5, 6–1, 6–4
1926 FRA Henri Cochet FRA René Lacoste 6–2, 6–4, 6–3
1927 FRA René Lacoste USA Bill Tilden 6–4, 4–6, 5–7, 6–3, 11–9
1928 FRA Henri Cochet FRA René Lacoste 5–7, 6–3, 6–1, 6–3
1929 FRA René Lacoste FRA Jean Borotra 6–3, 2–6, 6–0, 2–6, 8–6
1930 FRA Henri Cochet USA Bill Tilden 3–6, 8–6, 6–3, 6–1
1931 FRA Jean Borotra USA Christian Boussus 2–6, 6–4, 7–5, 6–4
1932 FRA Henri Cochet ITA Giorgio de Stefani 6–0, 6–4, 4–6, 6–3
1933 AUS Jack Crawford FRA Henri Cochet 8–6, 6–1, 6–3
1934 GER Gottfried von Cramm FRA Jack Crawford 6–4, 7–9, 3–6, 7–5, 6–3
1935 GBR Fred Perry GER Gottfried von Cramm 6–3, 3–6, 6–1, 6–3
1936 GER Gottfried von Cramm GBR Fred Perry 6–0, 2–6, 6–2, 2–6, 6–0
1937 GER Henner Henkel GBR Henry Austin 6–1, 6–4, 6–3
1938 USA Don Budge TCH Roderich Menzel 6–3, 6–2, 6–4
1939 USA Don McNeill USA Bobby Riggs 7–5, 6–0, 6–3
1940 — None •[d] — — —
1941 — None • — — —
1942 — None • — — —
1943 — None • — — —
1944 — None • — — —
1945 — None • — — —
1946 FRA Marcel Bernard TCH Jaroslav Drobný 3–6, 2–6, 6–1, 6–4, 6–3
1947 HUN József Asbóth RSA Eric Sturgess 8–6, 7–5, 6–4
1948 USA Frank Parker TCH Jaroslav Drobný 6–4, 7–5, 5–7, 8–6
1949 USA Frank Parker USA Budge Patty 6–3, 1–6, 6–1, 6–4
1950 USA Budge Patty EGY Jaroslav Drobný 6–1, 6–2, 3–6, 5–7, 7–5
1951 EGY Jaroslav Drobný RSA Eric Sturgess 6–3, 6–3, 6–3
1952 EGY Jaroslav Drobný AUS Frank Sedgman 6–2, 6–0, 3–6, 6–4
1953 AUS Ken Rosewall USA Vic Seixas 6–3, 6–4, 1–6, 6–2
1954 USA Tony Trabert USA Art Larsen 6–4, 7–5, 6–1
1955 USA Tony Trabert SWE Sven Davidson 2–6, 6–1, 6–4, 6–2
1956 AUS Lew Hoad SWE Sven Davidson 6–4, 8–6, 6–3
1957 SWE Sven Davidson USA Herbert Flam 6–3, 6–4, 6–4
1958 AUS Mervyn Rose CHI Luis Ayala 6–3, 6–4, 6–4
1959 ITA Nicola Pietrangeli RSA Ian Vermaak 3–6, 6–3, 6–4, 6–1
1960 ITA Nicola Pietrangeli CHI Luis Ayala 3–6, 6–3, 6–4, 4–6, 6–3
1961 ESP Manuel Santana ITA Nicola Pietrangeli 4–6, 6–1, 3–6, 6–0, 6–2
1962 AUS Rod Laver AUS Roy Emerson 3–6, 2–6, 6–3, 9–7, 6–2
1963 AUS Roy Emerson FRA Pierre Darmon 3–6, 6–1, 6–4, 6–4
1964 ESP Manuel Santana ITA Nicola Pietrangeli 6–3, 6–1, 4–6, 7–5
1965 AUS Fred Stolle AUS Tony Roche 3–6, 6–0, 6–2, 6–3
1966 AUS Tony Roche HUN István Gulyás 6–1, 6–4, 7–5
1967 AUS Roy Emerson AUS Tony Roche 6–1, 6–4, 2–6, 6–2
1968 AUS Ken Rosewall[e] AUS Rod Laver 6–3, 6–1, 2–6, 6–2
1969 AUS Rod Laver AUS Ken Rosewall 6–4, 6–3, 6–4
1970 TCH Jan Kodeš YUG Željko Franulović 6–2, 6–4, 6–0
1971 TCH Jan Kodeš ROU Ilie Năstase 8–6, 6–2, 2–6, 7–5
1972 ESP Andrés Gimeno FRA Patrick Proisy 4–6, 6–3, 6–1, 6–1
1973 ROU Ilie Năstase YUG Nikola Pilić 6–3, 6–3, 6–0
1974 SWE Björn Borg ESP Manuel Orantes 2–6, 6–7(1–7), 6–0, 6–1, 6–1
1975 SWE Björn Borg ARG Guillermo Vilas 6–2, 6–3, 6–4
1976 ITA Adriano Panatta USA Harold Solomon 6–1, 6–4, 4–6, 7–6(7–3)
1977 ARG Guillermo Vilas USA Brian Gottfried 6–0, 6–3, 6–0
1978 SWE Björn Borg ARG Guillermo Vilas 6–1, 6–1, 6–3
1979 SWE Björn Borg PAR Víctor Pecci 6–3, 6–1, 6–7(6–8), 6–4
1980 SWE Björn Borg USA Vitas Gerulaitis 6–4, 6–1, 6–2
1981 SWE Björn Borg TCH Ivan Lendl 6–1, 4–6, 6–2, 3–6, 6–1
1982 SWE Mats Wilander ARG Guillermo Vilas 1–6, 7–6(8–6), 6–0, 6–4
1983 FRA Yannick Noah SWE Mats Wilander 6–2, 7–5, 7–6(7–3)
1984 TCH Ivan Lendl USA John McEnroe 3–6, 2–6, 6–4, 7–5, 7–5
1985 SWE Mats Wilander TCH Ivan Lendl 3–6, 6–4, 6–2, 6–2
1986 TCH Ivan Lendl SWE Mikael Pernfors 6–3, 6–2, 6–4
1987 TCH Ivan Lendl SWE Mats Wilander 7–5, 6–2, 3–6, 7–6(7–3)
1988 SWE Mats Wilander FRA Henri Leconte 7–5, 6–2, 6–1
1989 USA Michael Chang SWE Stefan Edberg 6–1, 3–6, 4–6, 6–4, 6–2
1990 ECU Andrés Gómez USA Andre Agassi 6–3, 2–6, 6–4, 6–4
1991 USA Jim Courier USA Andre Agassi 3–6, 6–4, 2–6, 6–1, 6–4
1992 USA Jim Courier TCH Petr Korda 7–5, 6–2, 6–1
1993 ESP Sergi Bruguera USA Jim Courier 6–4, 2–6, 6–2, 3–6, 6–3
1994 ESP Sergi Bruguera ESP Alberto Berasategui 6–3, 7–5, 2–6, 6–1
1995 AUT Thomas Muster USA Michael Chang 7–5, 6–2, 6–4
1996 RUS Yevgeny Kafelnikov GER Michael Stich 7–6(7–4), 7–5, 7–6(7–4)
1997 BRA Gustavo Kuerten ESP Sergi Bruguera 6–3, 6–4, 6–2
1998 ESP Carlos Moyà ESP Àlex Corretja 6–3, 7–5, 6–3
1999 USA Andre Agassi UKR Andrei Medvedev 1–6, 2–6, 6–4, 6–3, 6–4
2000 BRA Gustavo Kuerten SWE Magnus Norman 6–2, 6–3, 2–6, 7–6(7–6)
2001 BRA Gustavo Kuerten ESP Àlex Corretja 6–7(3–7), 7–5, 6–2, 6–0
2002 ESP Albert Costa ESP Juan Carlos Ferrero 6–1, 6–0, 4–6, 6–3
2003 ESP Juan Carlos Ferrero NED Martin Verkerk 6–1, 6–3, 6–2
2004 ARG Gastón Gaudio ARG Guillermo Coria 0–6, 3–6, 6–4, 6–1, 8–6
2005 ESP Rafael Nadal ARG Mariano Puerta 6–7(6–8), 6–3, 6–1, 7–5
2006 ESP Rafael Nadal  SUI Roger Federer 1–6, 6–1, 6–4, 7–6(7–4)
2007 ESP Rafael Nadal  SUI Roger Federer 6–3, 4–6, 6–3, 6–4
2008 ESP Rafael Nadal  SUI Roger Federer 6–1, 6–3, 6–0
2009  SUI Roger Federer SWE Robin Söderling 6–1, 7–6(7–1), 6–4

Statistical information

[edit]
A red clay court, without any players on it, in the middle of a crowded stadium, and under a blue sky
The Court Philippe Chatrier has held all finals since 1928.[4]
A red clay court in the middle of a stadium. No players are on the court and the bleachers are nearly empty
A new central court with a retractable roof is set to be completed for 2013 or 2014.[12]
Two men on each side of the net stand on a red clay court, in the middle of a crowded stadium
The 2006 title match was the first Grand Slam final in the Federer–Nadal rivalry.[13]
A man with long, brown hair, wearing white capri pants and a blue sleeveless shirt, sits on red stairs, holding a silver trophy in his hands
Rafael Nadal holding the Coupe des Mousquetaires after winning the 2006 final.
A man in dark shorts, with a blue sweater, jumps in the air, swinging his racket with his right arm to serve. He is on red clay court, with painted white lines
Roger Federer completed a career Grand Slam at the 2009 French Open.[14]

Multiple champions

[edit]
Clubs members only event
Active player +
Player Amateur Era Open Era All-time Years
 Max Decugis (FRA) 8 0 8 1903, 1904, 1907, 1908, 1909, 1912, 1913, 1914
 Björn Borg (SWE) 0 6 6 1974, 1975, 1978, 1979, 1980, 1981
 Henri Cochet (FRA) 5 0 5 1922, 1926, 1928, 1930, 1932
 Paul Aymé (FRA) 4 0 4 1897, 1898, 1899, 1900
 Rafael Nadal (ESP) + 0 4 4 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008
 André Vacherot (FRA) 4 0 4 1894, 1895, 1896, 1901
 Maurice Germot (FRA) 3 0 3 1905, 1906, 1910
 Gustavo Kuerten (BRA) 0 3 3 1997, 2000, 2001
 René Lacoste (FRA) 3 0 3 1925, 1927, 1929
 Ivan Lendl (TCH) 0 3 3 1984, 1986, 1987
 Mats Wilander (SWE) 0 3 3 1982, 1985, 1988
 Jean Borotra (FRA) 2 0 2 1924, 1931
 Sergi Bruguera (ESP) 0 2 2 1993, 1994
 Jim Courier (USA) 0 2 2 1991, 1992
 Gottfried von Cramm (GER) 2 0 2 1934, 1936
 Jaroslav Drobný (EGY) 2 0 2 1951, 1952
 Roy Emerson (AUS) 2 0 2 1963, 1967
 André Gobert (FRA) 2 0 2 1911, 1920
 Jan Kodeš (TCH) 0 2 2 1970, 1971
 Rod Laver (AUS) 1 1 2 1962, 1969
 Frank Parker (USA) 2 0 2 1948, 1949
 Nicola Pietrangeli (ITA) 2 0 2 1959, 1960
 Ken Rosewall (AUS) 1 1 2 1953, 1968
 Manuel Santana (ESP) 2 0 2 1961, 1964
 Tony Trabert (USA) 2 0 2 1954, 1955

Champions by country

[edit]
Former country ¤
Country Amateur Era Open Era All-time First title Last title
 France (FRA) 37 1 38 1892 1983
 Spain (ESP) 2 10 12 1961 2008
 Australia (AUS) 9 2 11 1933 1969
 United States (USA) 4 7 11 1938 1999
 Sweden (SWE) 1 9 10 1957 1988
 Czechoslovakia (TCH) ¤[f] 0 5 5 1970 1987
 Brazil (BRA) 0 3 3 1997 2001
 Germany (GER) 3 0 3 1934 1937
 Italy (ITA) 2 1 3 1959 1976
 Argentina (ARG) 0 2 2 1977 2004
 Egypt (EGY) 2 0 2 1951 1952
 United Kingdom (UK/GBR)[g] 2 0 2 1891 1935
 Austria (AUT) 0 1 1 1995 1995
 Ecuador (ECU) 0 1 1 1990 1990
 Hungary (HUN) 1 0 1 1947 1947
 Romania (ROU) 0 1 1 1973 1973
 Russia (RUS) 0 1 1 1996 1996
  Switzerland (SUI) 0 1 1 2009 2009

Notes

[edit]

References

[edit]
General
  • "Event Guide / History / Past Winners 1891 - 2008". rolandgarros.com. IBM, Fédération Française de Tennis. Retrieved 2009-07-02.
  • "Grand Slam Tournaments - French Open" (PDF). usta.com. United States Tennis Association. Retrieved 2009-07-01.
  • "List of French Open men's singles champions". ESPN.com. Reuters. 2009-06-07. Retrieved 2009-07-01.
Specific
  1. ^ "Superb Soderling Sends Nadal Crashing Out". atpworldtour.com. ATP Tour, Inc. 2009-05-31. Retrieved 2009-08-04.
  2. ^ "Guide du Tournoi / Histoire". roland-garros.com. IBM, Fédération Française de Tennis. Retrieved 2009-07-07.
  3. ^ "Tournament profile - Roland Garros". atpworldtour.com. ATP Tour, Inc. Retrieved 2009-07-02.
  4. ^ a b c d e "Past Winners and Draws". fft.fr. Fédération Française de Tennis. Retrieved 2009-07-02.
  5. ^ a b c d "Event Guide / History / Past Winners 1891 - 2008". rolandgarros.com. IBM, Fédération Française de Tennis. Retrieved 2009-07-02.
  6. ^ Lewis, Gabrielle (2002-05-23). "French Open history". BBC Sport. BBC. Retrieved 2009-07-01.
  7. ^ Lebowitz, Mike (2004-06-03). "French tennis officials: landmark venue housed WWII prisoners". The Jerusalem Post. Retrieved 2009-07-07.
  8. ^ "History of the French Open 1928–2001 (1/3)". France 2. 2001. Retrieved 2009-08-04.
  9. ^ a b "Event Guide / History / Record Breakers". roland-garros.com. IBM, Fédération Française de Tennis. Retrieved 2009-07-07.
  10. ^ "Merellio dits Meller : The Silverthsmith of Sport". mellerio.fr. Merellio dits Meller. Retrieved 2009-06-24.
  11. ^ "Event Guide / Prize Money". rolandgarros.com. IBM, Fédération Française de Tennis. Retrieved 2009-07-04.
  12. ^ Amalfi, Alberto (2009-05-15). "Roof Coming To Roland Garros". tennisweek.com. Tennis Week. Retrieved 2009-08-04.
  13. ^ "Head to head – Roger Federer/Rafael Nadal". atpworldtour.com. ATP Tour, Inc. Retrieved 2009-08-04.
  14. ^ "Federer Clinches Roland Garros Title To Seal Career Slam". atpworldtour.com. ATP Tour, Inc. 2009-06-07. Retrieved 2009-08-04.
[edit]
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