Template:Taxonomy/Euarthropoda/stem-group

Bold ranks show taxa that will be shown in taxoboxes
because rank is principal or always_display=yes.

Not sure why you're here? Get started with the automated taxobox system.

Parent:	`Panarthropoda` [Taxonomy; edit]
Rank:	`stem group` (displays as `Stem group`)
Link:	`Arthropod\|Euarthropoda`(links to `Arthropod`)
Extinct:	no
Always displayed:	`true`
Taxonomic references:	J. Ortega-Hernández, "Making sense of 'lower' and 'upper' stem-group Euarthropoda, with comments on the strict use of the name Arthropoda von Siebold, 1848," Biol. Rev., vol. 91, no. 1, pp. 255–273, 2016 doi:10.1111/brv.12168. Although Ortega Hernández does not use the word phylum, any scheme that divides Panarthropoda into three phyla, which follows the long-standing practice, will treat Euarthropoda as a phylum (alongside Onychophora and Tardigrada). References following this practice include: Peel, John S. (2017). "Systematics and biogeography of some early Cambrian (Series 2) bradoriids (Arthropoda) from Laurentia (Greenland)". Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences. 54 (9): 961–972. doi:10.1139/cjes-2017-0101. Smith, Frank W.; Goldstein, Bob (2017). "Segmentation in Tardigrada and diversification of segmental patterns in Panarthropoda". Arthropod Structure & Development. 46 (3): 328–340. doi:10.1016/j.asd.2016.10.005. PMID 27725256. Mayers, Benjamin; Aria, Cédric; Caron, Jean-Bernard (2018). "Three new naraoiid species from the Burgess Shale, with a morphometric and phylogenetic reinvestigation of Naraoiidae". Palaeontology. doi:10.1111/pala.12383.
Parent's taxonomic references:	This is a grouping of three phyla that does not have a formal ranking in the Linnean system. Examples of usage include http://labs.bio.unc.edu/goldstein/SmithGoldstein2017.pdf - where it is informally referred to as a superphylum Smith, Martin R; Ortega-Hernández, Javier (2014). "Hallucigenia's onychophoran-like claws and the case for Tactopoda". Nature. 514 (7522): 363. Bibcode:2014Natur.514..363S. doi:10.1038/nature13576. PMID 25132546. Giacomelli, Mattia; Vecchi, Matteo; Guidetti, Roberto; Rebecchi, Lorena; Donoghue, Philip C J; Lozano-Fernandez, Jesus & Pisani, Davide (December 2024). "CAT-Posterior Mean Site Frequencies Improves Phylogenetic Modeling Under Maximum Likelihood and Resolves Tardigrada as the Sister of Arthropoda Plus Onychophora". Genome Biology and Evolution. 17 (1): 1–14. doi:10.1093/gbe/evae273. – where it is referred to as a clade
Same as taxon:	`Euarthropoda` [Taxonomy; edit]

Ancestral taxa
Domain:	Eukaryota		[Taxonomy; edit]
Clade:	Amorphea		[Taxonomy; edit]
Clade:	Obazoa		[Taxonomy; edit]
Clade:	Opisthokonta		[Taxonomy; edit]
Clade:	Holozoa		[Taxonomy; edit]
Clade:	Filozoa		[Taxonomy; edit]
Clade:	Choanozoa		[Taxonomy; edit]
Kingdom:	Animalia		[Taxonomy; edit]
Subkingdom:	Eumetazoa		[Taxonomy; edit]
Clade:	ParaHoxozoa		[Taxonomy; edit]
Clade:	Bilateria		[Taxonomy; edit]
Clade:	Nephrozoa		[Taxonomy; edit]
Clade:	Protostomia		[Taxonomy; edit]
Superphylum:	Ecdysozoa		[Taxonomy; edit]
Clade:	Panarthropoda		[Taxonomy; edit]
*Stem group*:	Euarthropoda	/stem-group	[Taxonomy; edit]