Squalius alburnoides
| Squalius alburnoides | |
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Scientific classification 
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| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Actinopterygii |
| Order: | Cypriniformes |
| Family: | Leuciscidae |
| Subfamily: | Leuciscinae |
| Genus: | Squalius |
| Species: | S. alburnoides
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| Binomial name | |
| Squalius alburnoides (Steindachner, 1866)
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| Synonyms | |
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Squalius alburnoides, the calandino,[2] is a species of freshwater ray-finned fish belonging to the family Leuciscidae, which includes the daces, Eurasian minnows and related fishes. This species is found in Portugal and Spain.[1]
Taxonomy
[edit]Squalius alburnoides was first formally described in 1866 by the Austrian ichthyologist Franz Steindachner with its type locality given as a stream near Mérida in Spain.[3] The Adana chub belongs to the genus Squalius, commonly referred to as chubs, which belongs to the subfamily Leuciscinae of the family Leuciscidae.[4]
This species is a highly peculiar fish in regard to its evolution and reproduction. It has been derived from hybridisation between females of Squalius pyrenaicus and males of another, unknown, extinct cyprinid species, and maintains the genomes of both parental species. Squalius alburnoides may have various numbers of these genomes (polyploidy), and may use different reproductive modes to pass them on to the offspring, including asexual reproduction, normal meiosis and hybridogenesis.[5][6][7] It has the first confirmed instance of natural androgenesis in a vertebrate, where an individual inherits only genes from the father.[8]
Etymology
[edit]Squalius alburnoides belongs to the genus Squalius, this name was proposed by the French bioogist Charles Lucien Bonaparte in 1837 for a subgenus of the gneus Leuciscus for the Italian chub (Squalius cephalus), inserting and additional "i" to prevent homonymy with the spurdog genus Squalus. In classical Latin the chub and the spurdog were homonyms as squalus. An alternative explanation was that the name is a latinisation of squaglio, a vernacular name for the Italian chub in Rome and its environs. The specific name, alburnoides, means "of the form of Alburnus", an allusion to the long body, notched teeth and upward pointing snout which resembles the shape of the bleaks in the genus Alburnus.[9]
Distribution and habitat
[edit]Squalius alburnoides has a wide distribution in the river sytems draining into the Atlantic Ocean in the western Iberian Peninsula from the Douro south to the Guadalquivir, it has been introduced into the Guadalhorce and Júcar rivers in Spain, drainges that flow into the Mediterranean Sea. The calandino is found in rivers and streams at varying altitudes and with differing flows but tends to avoid the wide, deep lowland stretches of rivers.[1]
References
[edit]- ^ a b c Ford, M. (2024). "Squalius alburnoides". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2024: e.T60400A137269351. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2024-2.RLTS.T60400A137269351.en. Retrieved 27 January 2025.
- ^ Leunda, P. M.; Elvira, B.; Ribeiro, F.; et al. (2009). "International standardization of Common Names for Iberian Endemic Freshwater Fishes" (PDF). Limnetica. 28 (2): 189–202. doi:10.23818/limn.28.15.
- ^ Eschmeyer, William N.; Fricke, Ron & van der Laan, Richard (eds.). "Species in the genus Squalius". Catalog of Fishes. California Academy of Sciences. Retrieved 20 April 2025.
- ^ Eschmeyer, William N.; Fricke, Ron & van der Laan, Richard (eds.). "Genera in the family Leuciscinae". Catalog of Fishes. California Academy of Sciences. Retrieved 20 April 2025.
- ^ Froese, Rainer; Pauly, Daniel (eds.). "Squalius alburnoides". FishBase. June 2016 version.
- ^ Collares-Pereira M.J., Coelho M.M. (2010). "Reconfirming the hybrid origin and generic status of the Iberian cyprinid complex Squalius alburnoides". Journal of Fish Biology. 76 (3): 707–715. Bibcode:2010JFBio..76..707C. doi:10.1111/j.1095-8649.2009.02460.x. PMID 20666907.
- ^ Cunha; et al. (2011). "The evolutionary history of the allopolyploid Squalius alburnoides (Cyprinidae) complex in the northern Iberian Peninsula". Heredity. 106 (1): 100–112. doi:10.1038/hdy.2010.70. PMC 3183856. PMID 20531449.
- ^ Morgado-Santos, Miguel; Carona, Sara; Vicente, Luís; Collares-Pereira, Maria João (2017). "First empirical evidence of naturally occurring androgenesis in vertebrates". Royal Society Open Science. 4 (5): 170200. Bibcode:2017RSOS....470200M. doi:10.1098/rsos.170200. PMC 5451830. PMID 28573029.
- ^ Christopher Scharpf (8 April 2024). "Family LEUCISCIDAE: Subfamily LEUCISCINAE Bonaparte 1835 (European Minnows)". The ETYFish Project Fish Name Etymology Database. Christopher Scharpf. Retrieved 20 April 2025.