Society 5.0

Society 5.0, also known as the "Super Smart Society," is a concept proposed by the Japanese government in 2016. It aims to use advanced technologies, including artificial intelligence, to address societal challenges and enhance economic productivity across various sectors of everyday life.^[1]^[2]^[3]

Building on the Fourth Industrial Revolution, Society 5.0 was introduced by the Cabinet Office’s Council for Science, Technology, and Innovation. The initiative was formally presented by former Prime Minister Shinzo Abe in 2019 as part of the Fifth Science and Technology Basic Plan. It emphasizes the integration of cyberspace and physical space.

Objective

Society 5.0 is designed to promote a shift toward a human-centered, knowledge-based, and data-driven society. The Cabinet Office of the Government of Japan describes Society 5.0 as an initiative aimed at ensuring safety, security, comfort, and health for individuals, facilitating the pursuit of their preferred lifestyles.^[4]

History

The term "Society 5.0" refers to a proposed fifth stage of human following the hunter-gatherer society (Society 1.0), the agrarian society (Society 2.0), the industrial society (Society 3.0), and the information society (Society 4.0).^[5] The concept envisions a society that uses digital transformation technologies to solve social problems and improve quality of life.

Society 1.0 (Hunting Society)

In anthropology, a hunter-gatherer society is a society dependent on hunting wild animals and gathering fruits and plants for sustenance. Anthropologists propose that all human societies followed a hunter-gatherer lifestyle until the advent of agriculture during the Neolithic period.^[6]

Society 2.0 (Agricultural Society)

An agrarian society is a societal structure where the economy primarily relies on agriculture. The origins of agrarian societies are associated with the Neolithic Revolution, also known as the First Agricultural Revolution, which occurred during the Neolithic or Stone Age. These societies have existed in various parts of the world for thousands of years.^[7]

Society 3.0 (Industrial Society)

An industrial society is one that has undergone significant industrialization. Industrial societies often develop from agrarian societies and are characterized by technological advancements across various fields.^[8]

Society 4.0 (Information Society)

An information society is a society in which activities related to the utilization, generation, dissemination, and incorporation of information hold considerable importance. Key factors enabling this phenomenon are information and communication technologies, which have contributed to the development of automated machines and robots impacting industry and information management.^[9]

Technology applications

A report by Japan's National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology lists the following six topics as basic technologies for realizing Society 5.0:

Technology for enhancing human capabilities, fostering sensitivity, and enabling control within Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS).
AI hardware technology and AI application systems.
Self-developing security technology for AI applications.
Highly efficient network technology along with advanced information input and output devices.
Next-generation manufacturing system technology designed to facilitate mass customization.
New measurement technology tailored for digital manufacturing processes.

The Japan Business Federation (Keidanren) initiated "Society 5.0 for SDGs" in alignment with the United Nations' Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), citing compatibility between the concepts.^[10]

References

^ ""Super Smart Society (Society 5.0)" mission area". Japan Science and Technology Agency. Retrieved 2023-10-12.
^ M. Hanefi Calp; Resul Bütüner (2022). "Chapter 7 - Society 5.0: Effective technology for a smart society". Intelligent Data-Centric Systems. Academic Press. pp. 175–194. doi:10.1016/B978-0-323-88468-6.00006-1. ISBN 9780323884686. Retrieved 30 November 2023.
^ "Society 5.0 or ソサエティー5.0". Japanese Government, 2016. Retrieved October 10, 2023.
^ "Society 5.0". Cabinet Office Home Page. Retrieved 2023-10-10.
^ "政府広報オンラインによるSociety 5.0の説明". Archived from the original on 2018-01-03. Retrieved 2022-03-19.
^ "Realizing Society 5.0" (PDF). Japan Gov. Retrieved 2023-10-13.
^ "History of the organization of work (during agriculture era)". Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved 12 October 2023.
^ "Making full use of AI and technologies across different fields for a human-centered society". Japan Science and Technology Agency. Retrieved 12 October 2023.
^ "Development of Smart Robot for Revolution of Industry/Information". Japan Science and Technology Agency. Retrieved 12 October 2023.
^ "Society 5.0 for SDGs | 経団連". keidanrensdgs (in Japanese). Retrieved 2023-10-10.

[1] ""Super Smart Society (Society 5.0)" mission area". Japan Science and Technology Agency. Retrieved 2023-10-12.

[2] M. Hanefi Calp; Resul Bütüner (2022). "Chapter 7 - Society 5.0: Effective technology for a smart society". Intelligent Data-Centric Systems. Academic Press. pp. 175–194. doi:10.1016/B978-0-323-88468-6.00006-1. ISBN 9780323884686. Retrieved 30 November 2023.

[jp-gov-3] "Society 5.0 or ソサエティー5.0". Japanese Government, 2016. Retrieved October 10, 2023.

[:0-4] "Society 5.0". Cabinet Office Home Page. Retrieved 2023-10-10.

[5] "政府広報オンラインによるSociety 5.0の説明". Archived from the original on 2018-01-03. Retrieved 2022-03-19.

[6] "Realizing Society 5.0" (PDF). Japan Gov. Retrieved 2023-10-13.

[7] "History of the organization of work (during agriculture era)". Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved 12 October 2023.

[8] "Making full use of AI and technologies across different fields for a human-centered society". Japan Science and Technology Agency. Retrieved 12 October 2023.

[9] "Development of Smart Robot for Revolution of Industry/Information". Japan Science and Technology Agency. Retrieved 12 October 2023.

[10] "Society 5.0 for SDGs | 経団連". keidanrensdgs (in Japanese). Retrieved 2023-10-10.

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