Pseudoscardovia
| Pseudoscardovia | |
|---|---|
Scientific classification 
| |
| Domain: | Bacteria |
| Kingdom: | Bacillati |
| Phylum: | Actinomycetota |
| Class: | Actinomycetes |
| Order: | Bifidobacteriales |
| Family: | Bifidobacteriaceae |
| Genus: | Pseudoscardovia Killer et al., 2014 |
| Type species | |
| Pseudoscardovia suis | |
| Species | |
Pseudoscardovia is a genus of Gram-positive, anaerobic, non-motile bacteria within the family Bifidobacteriaceae. The genus was first described following the isolation of strains from the gastrointestinal tract of wild pigs in the Czech Republic. The name derives from the Greek pseudes (“false”) and the genus Scardovia, reflecting its phylogenetic distinction from closely related taxa.[1]
Taxonomy and classification
[edit]The genus Pseudoscardovia was established based on polyphasic taxonomic analyses, including 16S rRNA gene sequencing, DNA–DNA hybridization, and phenotypic characterization. These studies demonstrated that the isolates formed a distinct lineage within the family Bifidobacteriaceae, separate from other genera such as Bifidobacterium and Scardovia.[1][2]
Currently, the genus comprises two validly published species:
- Pseudoscardovia suis — the type species
- Pseudoscardovia radai
Morphology and physiology
[edit]Members of the genus Pseudoscardovia are characterized by the following features:
- Cell morphology: Gram-positive, non-spore-forming, non-motile rods
- Oxygen requirement: Strictly anaerobic
- Temperature range: Mesophilic, with optimal growth at 37 °C
- Metabolism: Fermentative, producing lactic acid as a major end product
These bacteria exhibit unique cell wall compositions and carbohydrate fermentation profiles that distinguish them from other members of the Bifidobacteriaceae family.[1]
Species
[edit]Pseudoscardovia suis
[edit]Pseudoscardovia suis is the type species of the genus. It was isolated from the digestive tract of wild pigs in the Central Bohemian Region, Czech Republic. The type strain is DPTE4 (= DSM 24744 = CCM 7942).[1]
Pseudoscardovia radai
[edit]Pseudoscardovia radai was also isolated from the digestive tract of wild pigs in the same region. The type strain is DPVI-TET3 (= DSM 24742 = CCM 7943).[2]
Ecology
[edit]Species of Pseudoscardovia have been isolated from the gastrointestinal tracts of wild pigs, suggesting a role in the gut microbiota of these animals. Pseudoscardovia spp., particularly Pseudoscardovia radai, have also been found to be more abundant in the gastrointestinal microbiota of pigs raised outdoors compared to those raised indoors. This supports their association with outdoor or wild suid environments.[3]
References
[edit]- ^ a b c d Killer, J.; Mrázek, J.; Bunešová, V.; Havlík, J.; Koppová, I.; Benada, O.; Rada, V.; Kopečný, J.; Vlková, E. (February 2013). "'Pseudoscardovia suis' gen. nov., sp. nov., a new member of the family Bifidobacteriaceae isolated from the digestive tract of wild pigs (Sus scrofa)". Systematic and Applied Microbiology. 36 (1): 11–16. Bibcode:2013SyApM..36...11K. doi:10.1016/j.syapm.2012.09.001. PMID 23122702.
- ^ a b Killer, J.; Havlík, J.; Bunešová, V.; Vlková, E.; Benada, O. (September 2014). "'Pseudoscardovia radai' sp. nov., another representative of a new genus within the family Bifidobacteriaceae isolated from the digestive tract of a wild pig (Sus scrofa scrofa)". International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology. 64 (9): 2932–2938. doi:10.1099/ijs.0.063230-0. PMID 24867175.
- ^ Holman, D.B.; Gzyl, K.E.; Kommadath, A. (July 2023). "The gut microbiome and resistome of conventionally vs. pasture-raised pigs". Microbial Genomics. 9 (7): mgen001061. doi:10.1099/mgen.0.001061. PMC 10438820. PMID 37439777.