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The war lasted eight months, pitting the Cartistas (with the support of Queen Maria II) against an unnatural coalition of Septembrists and Miguelists. The focus of resistance to the new government was the Septembrist 'Junta of Porto', whose military leader, the First Count of Bonfim, was defeated by Marshal Saldanha at the siege of Torres Vedras on 22–23 December 1846, and sent into exile in Angola. Following the intervention of foreign military forces of the Quadruple Alliance, the war ended in a clear Cartista victory, resulting in the signing of the Convention of Gramido on 30 June 1847.
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