Nusa Penida
Native name: ᬦᬸᬲᬧᭂᬦᬶᬤ | |
|---|---|
   _of_Nusa_Penida,_Bali_(2025)_-_img_11.jpg)  From top, left to right: Broken beach, Ngaben ceremony in Nusa Penida, Atuh Beach,
Kelingking beach, and Diamond Beach. | |
  Nusa Penida | |
| Geography | |
| Location | Southeast Asia |
| Coordinates | 8°44′0″S 115°32′0″E / 8.73333°S 115.53333°E |
| Archipelago | Lesser Sunda Islands |
| Area | 202.84 km2 (78.32 sq mi) |
| Highest point | Mount Mundi |
| Administration | |
| Province |  Bali |
| Regency |  Klungkung Regency |
| District | Nusa Penida |
| Largest settlement | Batukandik (pop. 6,500) |
| Demographics | |
| Population | 65,820 (mid 2024[1]) |
| Pop. density | 324.5/km2 (840.5/sq mi) |
| Languages | Nusa Penida Balinese, Indonesian |
| Ethnic groups | Balinese and other minority ethnic groups |
Nusa Penida (Balinese: ᬦᬸᬲᬧᭂᬦᬶᬤ, romanized: nusa pĕnida) is an island located near the southeastern Indonesian island of Bali, which forms a district of the same name in Klungkung Regency. The Badung Strait separates the island and Bali. The interior of Nusa Penida is hilly with a maximum altitude of 524 metres, and the climate is drier than Bali. Like Bali, it is a major tourist destination.
In addition to Nusa Penida, the administrative district of Nusa Penida includes the nearby islands of Nusa Lembongan and Nusa Ceningan, plus eleven even smaller islands. The district had a population of 45,110 at the 2010 census, covering 202.84 km2 (78.32 sq mi),[2] and the official estimate as of 2024 was 65,820.[1]
History
[edit]
The history of the island of Nusa Penida in Bali began in the 10th century. The earliest writings about Nusa Penida have indeed been found on the Belanjong pillar, which dates back to 914 AD. This pillar contains an inscription that mentions the military expedition of the first Balinese King, Sri Kesari Warmadewa, to conquer Nusa Penida.[3]
The people of Nusa Penida have long been able to fight against Balinese kings who have organized many other military expeditions. However, in the second half of the 17th century, the island of Nusa Penida was definitely conquered by the Gelgel Dynasty expedition. The last king of Nusa Penida, Dalem Bungkut, was killed in battle. Nusa Penida then became part of the Klungkung palace, one of the nine kingdoms in Bali. After the integration of Bali into the Dutch East Indies in 1908 which later became Indonesia later, Nusa Penida remained attached to Klungkung Regency.[3]
A Dutch map made in 1900 refers to Nusa Penida as Bandit Island because the Klungkung Kingdom once deported criminals, political opponents and black magic experts to Nusa Penida.[3][4]
Geography
[edit]
Administratively, this district in Klungkung Regency consists of 4 districts (Klungkung District, Banjarangkan District, Dawan District and Nusa Penida District). Nusa Penida District consists of three islands, namely Nusa Penida Island, Lembongan Island and Ceningan Island, and consists of 16 Village Offices. Nusa Penida Island can be reached from four dock locations.[5]
Languages
[edit]The people of Nusa Penida speak a unique dialect of Balinese called Nusa Penida Balinese (basa Nosa), which cannot be understood by speakers from mainland Bali. It is reportedly close to the language of the Bali Aga, Bali's aboriginal population.[6]
Conservation
[edit]Bali Bird Sanctuary
[edit]
Nusa Penida, together with neighbouring Lembongan and Ceningan Islands, forms a bird sanctuary.[7] The island communities have used traditional Balinese village regulations to create the sanctuary. The idea of a sanctuary came from the Friends of the National Parks Foundation (FNPF).[8]
In 2006 all 35 villages (now 41 villages) agreed to make bird protection part of their traditional regulations (Balinese: ᬳᬯᬶᬕ᭄ᬳᬯᬶᬕ᭄, romanized: awig-awig). Since then, the FNPF has rehabilitated and released various Indonesian birds, most notably the critically endangered Bali starling/Bali myna which is endemic to Bali but whose numbers in the wild had declined to less than 10 in 2005. After a two-year program by FNPF in which 64 cage-bred birds were rehabilitated and released onto Nusa Penida, their number had increased to over 100 in 2009. Isolated from the mainland of Bali, Nusa Penida and its neighboring island of Nusa Ceningan have advantages compared to their natural habitat on the island of Bali. From the results of the evaluation of vegetation and abundance of food on this karst island, Nusa Penida is quite abundant with various types of fruits, insects and various foods that are suitable for the living space of the Bali starling.[9]
Other
[edit]
Tourism
[edit]Destinations
[edit]Points of interest on Nusa Penida include:
- Kelingking Beach
Kelingking Beach - Broken Beach
Broken Beach, Nusa Penida - Angel Billabong
- Crystal Bay
- Atuh Beach
- Diamond Beach
Diamond Beach - Suwehan Beach
- Peguyangan Waterfall
- Tembeling Forest
- Segening Waterfall
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Dive sites
[edit]Nusa Penida covers a wide area of diving locations, including Penida Bay, Batu Lumbung (Manta Point), Batu Meling, Batu Abah, Toya Pakeh, and Malibu Point.[10] The flow through the Lombok Strait is, overall, south-tending, although the strength and direction of the tidal streams are influenced by the monsoon seasons.
During the southeast monsoons, the tidal flow tends south; during the northeast monsoons, the tidal flow tends north. In the area of the strait north of Nusa Penida, the pattern is relatively simple, with a flow, at peak tide, of about three-and-one-half knots. Tidal streams in Badung Strait are semi-diurnal, but the character of the stream is very complicated because its direction runs obliquely to the general south-to-north direction of Lombok Strait, and the channel has a curved shape.
Based on a survey in 2009, there were about 1,419 hectares of coral sites with 66 percent covering the sites in 3 metres depth and 74 percent covered the sites in 10 metres depth.[11]
In December 2024, a colony of Galaxea astreata, one of the largest coral colonies in the world, was discovered, covering an area of approximately 4000 m2 with dimensions 34 m (width), 32 m (length) and 5.5 m (height).[12]
See also
[edit]
References
[edit]- ^ a b Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 28 February 2025, Kabupaten Klungkung Dalam Angka 2025 (Katalog-BPS 1102001.5105)
- ^ "Nusa Penida (Eiseman, 1986)".
- ^ a b c Culture & History of Nusa Penida and Bali
- ^ "Sepi DuaTahun, Kerta Gosa Klungkung Akhirnya Dikunjungi Rombongan Wisatawan Asing". Tribun-bali.com (in Indonesian). Retrieved 2023-08-19.
- ^ "Klungkung Regency in Figures 2019". BPS Klungkung Regency. August 2019. pp. 44–59. Archived from the original on 2022-07-13. Retrieved December 31, 2019.
- ^ Serawan, I Ketut (17 May 2020). ""Basa Nosa", Bahasa Bali Dialek Nusa Penida yang Mirip Dialek Bali Aga?". tatkala.co (in Indonesian). Archived from the original on 6 July 2020. Retrieved 12 March 2025.
- ^ "fnpf.org". Archived from the original on 2012-08-16. Retrieved 2011-08-31.
- ^ Friends of the National Parks Foundation (FNPF).
- ^ "Inilah Cerita Jalak Bali dan Rumah Barunya di Nusa Penida". 19 September 2014.
- ^ Erviani, Ni Komang (30 May 2011). "Administration to improve access to Nusa Penida". The Jakarta Post. Klungkung, Bali.
- ^ "Nusa Penida Kaya Potensi namun Belum Menyejahterakan". March 10, 2013. Archived from the original on November 16, 2020. Retrieved March 11, 2013.
- ^ Vincent Chalias (2024-12-07). "Could This Be the World's Largest Coral Colony? Nusa Penida's Galaxea astreata Stuns Scientists". Ocean Gardener. Retrieved 2025-01-01.
External links
[edit]
Nusa Penida travel guide from Wikivoyage- Southeastern Islands travel guide from Wikivoyage
