News from Nowhere

For other uses, see News from Nowhere (disambiguation).

News from Nowhere (or An Epoch of Rest)

Frontispiece
Author	William Morris
Language	English
Genre	Novel
Publisher	NA
Publication date	1890
Publication place	United Kingdom
Media type	Print (Hardback, Paperback)
Pages	186

News from Nowhere is an 1890 work combining utopian socialism and soft science fiction written by the artist, designer and socialist pioneer William Morris. It was first published in serial form in the Commonweal journal beginning on 11 January 1890.

In the novel, the narrator, William Guest, falls asleep after returning from a meeting of the Socialist League and awakes to find himself in a future society based on common ownership and democratic control of the means of production. In this society there is no private property, no big cities, no authority, no monetary system, no marriage or divorce, no courts, no prisons, and no class systems. This agrarian society functions simply because the people find pleasure in nature, and therefore they find pleasure in their work.

The novel explores a number of aspects of this society, including its organisation and the relationships which it engenders between people.The book offers Morris' answers to a number of frequent objections to socialism, and underlines his belief that socialism will entail not only the abolition of private property but also of the divisions between art, life, and work.

William Morris, News from Nowhere: Or, an Epoch of Rest (London, Kelmscott Press, 1892); Pequot Library Special Collections

In the novel, Morris tackles one of the most common criticisms of socialism: the supposed lack of incentive to work in a communist society. Morris' response is that all work should be creative and pleasurable. This differs from the majority of Socialist thinkers, who tend to assume that while work is a necessary evil, a well-planned equal society can reduce the amount of work needed to be done by each worker. News from Nowhere was written as a libertarian socialist response to an earlier book called Looking Backward, a book that epitomises a kind of state socialism that Morris abhorred. It was also meant to directly influence various currents of thought at the time regarding the tactics to bring about socialism.

Background: Looking Backward

Morris reviewed the novel Looking Backward in the Commonweal on 21 June 1889. In his review, Morris objects to Edward Bellamy's portrayal of his imagined society as an authority for what socialists believe. Morris writes, 'In short a machine life is the best which Mr. Bellamy can imagine for us on all sides; it is not to be wondered at then that this, his only idea for making labour tolerable is to decrease the amount of it by means of fresh and ever fresh developments of machinery … I believe that this will always be so, and the multiplication of machinery will just multiply machinery; I believe that the ideal of the future does not point to the lessening of men's energy by the reduction of labour to a minimum, but rather the reduction of pain in labour to a minimum, so small that it will cease to be pain; a dream to humanity which can only be dreamed of till men are even more completely equal than Mr. Bellamy's utopia would allow them to be, but which will most assuredly come about when men are really equal in condition.'

More specifically, Morris criticised the limited nature of Bellamy's idea of life. He identifies five concerns—work, technology, centralisation, cities, arts—which demonstrates the "half change" advanced in Looking Backward. Morris's review also contains an alternate future society in each of these instances. This was the framework based on which he would later attempt to elaborate his vision of a utopia in News from Nowhere.

Gender roles

Of gender and the division of labor, Ruth Levitas writes:

In News from Nowhere Morris describes women in the society as ‘respected as a child bearer and rearer of children desired as a woman, loved as a companion, un-anxious for the future of her children’ and hence possessed of an enhanced 'instinct for maternity'. The sexual division of labour remains intact. Women are not exclusively confined to domestic labour, although the range of work they undertake is narrower than that of man; but domestic labour is seen as something for which women are particularly fitted. Moreover, 'The men have no longer any opportunity of tyrannising over the women, or the women over the men; both of those took place in old times. The women do what they can do best and what they like best, and the men are neither jealous nor injured by it.' The practice of women waiting on men at meals is justified on the grounds that, 'It is a great pleasure to a clever woman to manage a house skilfully, and to do so that all house-mates about her look pleased and are grateful to her. And then you know everybody likes to be ordered about by a pretty woman…'

Morris presents us with a society in which women are relatively free from the oppression of men; while domestic work, respected albeit gender-specific in Morris's work here as elsewhere, is portrayed as a source of potential pleasure and edification for all denizens of his Utopia.

Marriage

Morris offers a Marxist view of marriage and divorce. Dick and Clara were once married with two children. Then Clara ‘got it in her head she was in love with someone else,’ so she left Dick only to reconcile with him again. Old Hammond informs the reader that there are no courts in Nowhere, no divorce in Nowhere, and furthermore no contractual marriage in Nowhere. In Nowhere people live in groups of various sizes, as they please, and the nuclear family is not necessary.

Education

In Morris's utopia, there is no formal schooling for children, people are free to choose their own form of education. Children in Nowhere ‘often make up parties, and come to play in the woods for weeks together in the summer time, living in tents, as you see. We rather encourage them to do it; they learn to do things for themselves, and get to know the wild creatures; and you see the less they stew inside houses the better for them.’

Here Morris breaks away from the traditional institutions of 19th century England. Learning through nature is the best suited lifestyle for this agrarian society.

Environment

The shift in England's environment is a clear motif throughout the book, with the condition in and around the Thames offering a powerful comparison with the industrial era Morris was writing in. In News from Nowhere, nature has been restored everywhere Guest travels, and pollution largely eliminated. In perhaps one of the best-known images from the book, what was previously Trafalgar Square has been re-planted as an apricot orchard, just as the surrounding streets of Piccadilly have become gardens.

“Amidst all these gardens and houses it was of course impossible to trace the sites of the old streets: but it seemed to me that the main roadways were the same as of old. We came presently into a large open space, sloping somewhat toward the south, the sunny site of which had been taken advantage of for planting an orchard, mainly, as I could see, of apricot-trees, in the midst of which was a pretty gay little structure of wood, painted and gilded, that looked like a refreshment-stall.”

Influence

The title News from Nowhere has inspired many enterprises, including a political bookstore in Liverpool, Tim Crouch's theatre company and a monthly social club. The News from Nowhere Club was founded in 1996 to "challenge the commercialisation and isolation of modern life", taking as its motto Morris's phrase that "Fellowship is life and the lack of fellowship is death." Its patron is Peter Hennessy, historian of government, and it meets monthly in the church hall of St John the Baptist's, Leytonstone, about four km from the house where the artist grew up, now the William Morris Gallery.

Many artistic creations are named News from Nowhere; some of these are closely connected to Morris's book, while others simply use the three-word title, or a variant of it. The Arts Council funded a short film in 1978, bringing News to Nowhere to life, starring Timothy West as Morris. It described a fictional trip by Morris up the River Thames, exploring ideas of aesthetic and socialism. The book was adapted by Sarah Woods as a radio play, broadcast by BBC Radio 4 on 25 May 2016.

News from Nowhere was an influencing factor in historian G. D. H. Cole's conversion to socialism. The novel News from Gardenia (2012) by Robert Llewellyn was influenced by News from Nowhere. A contemporary art exhibition at the Lucy Mackintosh Gallery in Lausanne, Switzerland, with six British artists: Michael Ashcroft, Juan Bolivar, Andrew Grassie, Justin Hibbs, Alistair Hudson, and Peter Liversidge during April–May 2005 was called News From Nowhere. Korean artists Moon Kyungwon and Jeon Joonho were inspired by the novel in their collaborative project "News from Nowhere" (2012).

Folk singer Leon Rosselson's song "Bringing the News from Nowhere", from his eponymous 1986 album, is a tribute to Morris. A track on Dig, Lazarus, Dig!!! by Nick Cave and the Bad Seeds (2008) is called "More News from Nowhere". In 2013 the English band Darkstar released an album titled News from Nowhere. In 2008 Waltham Forest commissioned the composer, Mike Roberts, to create a new community symphony based on the story. Incorporating Morris' axiom of 'art for the people and by the people', the piece was written in collaboration with 180 primary school children, who composed fragments of music that were weaved into the final piece. The result was a 90-minute work for children's choir, orchestra and 10 other smaller ensembles. The work is being recorded with the artistic support of The William Morris Gallery during 2014-15 for release in June 2015 to commemorate the novel's 125th anniversary.

The animated video "News from Nowhere" (2022, 5 min) by Maltese artist and curator Raphael Vella is loosely inspired by William Morris’s novel. Composed of around 1000 frames, this stop motion animation presents a more dystopian version of the narrative, in which the artist wakes up to a world on fire. The animated video will be on display 2023 at Valletta Contemporary in Malta.

The opera "New Year" by Sir Michael Tippett was strongly influenced by the book.

See also

• Erewhon — 1872 utopian novel and satire on Victorian society by Samuel Butler
• Looking Backward — 1887 novel by Edward Bellamy in which the American protagonist falls asleep in 1887 and awakes in a socialist utopia in 2000
• List of books about anarchism

External links

• News from Nowhere at Standard Ebooks
• News from Nowhere at Project Gutenberg
• News from Nowhere public domain audiobook at LibriVox
• An illustrated edition
• William Morris as Social Activist
• The William Morris Internet Archive: Works. Marxists Internet Archive
• The News from Nowhere Audio Album