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Martin Z. Bazant

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Martin Zdenek Bazant
NationalityAmerican
OccupationChemical engineer
Academic background
EducationBS., Mathematics and Physics
MS., Applied Mathematics
PhD., Physics
Alma materUniversity of Arizona
Harvard University
ThesisInteratomic Forces in Covalent Solids (1997)
Doctoral advisorEfthimios Kaxiras
Academic work
InstitutionsMassachusetts Institute of Technology
Saint-Gobain
Lithios

Martin Zdenek Bazant is an American chemical engineer. He holds the positions of E. G. Roos (1944) Professor of Chemical Engineering and Mathematics at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT).

Bazant's research focuses on electrochemistry, electrokinetics, transport phenomena, and applied mathematics. He is a fellow of the American Physical Society and the International Society of Electrochemistry as well as a member of the National Academy of Engineering.

Education

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Bazant received a bachelor's degree in mathematics and physics in 1992, followed by a master's degree in Applied Mathematics in 1993, both from the University of Arizona.[1] He then enrolled at Harvard University and completed his Ph.D. in Physics, conducting his research in Efthimios Kaxiras' research group in 1997.[2]

Career

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Bazant began his academic career as an instructor of Applied Mathematics at Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1998. He was appointed assistant professor of Mathematics in 2000, promoted to associate professor in 2003,[1] and granted tenure in 2007.[3] In 2009, he joined the Department of Chemical Engineering and built a laboratory to conduct theoretical research.[4] He assumed the role of professor in 2012[1] and was named the inaugural Edwin G. Roos (1944) Chair Professor of Chemical Engineering in 2015.[5] From 2016 to 2020, he held the position of executive officer of the Department of Chemical Engineering at MIT[6] and subsequently as its first digital learning officer.[7][8]

In 2019, Bazant assumed the role of the first president of the International Electrokinetics Society.[9] He has created open educational resources, including OpenCourseWare for Random Walks and Diffusion[10] and Electrochemical Energy Systems,[11] and massive open online courses (MOOCs) such as 10.50x Analysis of Transport Phenomena.[8]

Research

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Bazant's research has spanned the fields of electrochemistry, electrokinetics, fluid dynamics and transport phenomena in chemical engineering, applied mathematics, and theoretical physics. In electrochemistry, he has made contributions to a nonequilibrium thermodynamic theory of electrochemical kinetics and associated phase-field models of lithium-ion batteries, such as anisotropic intercalation and reaction-limited phase separation.[12] His work suggested thermodynamically consistent phase-field models for lithium intercalation, such as the Cahn-Hilliard reaction (CHR) framework and extensions, to investigate size-dependent phase separation, boundary kinetics, and coherency strain in electrode nanoparticles.[13][14] In collaboration with colleagues, he has created non-equilibrium thermodynamic theories coupled with intercalation kinetics and solid-state diffusion to simulate and validate dynamic behavior of active materials at the particle scale.[15] He derived the overpotential from a variational principle and provide a thermodynamically consistent basis for phase field modeling of electrochemical systems.[16]

Bazant has formulated a theory of coupled ion–electron transfer (CIET) kinetics that makes the distinction between electron-transfer-limited and ion-transfer-limited regimes, the former being similar to Marcus–Hush–Chidsey kinetics and more accurately modeling experimental CO₂ reduction behavior.[17] He proposed a generalized transport-reaction theory that combines the Poisson–Nernst–Planck equations, Butler–Volmer kinetics, and Marcus theory in a phase field formulation, going beyond the classical porous electrode model.[18]

Using the Poisson–Nernst–Planck framework, Bazant devised dynamic models of electric double layers and ion transport in porous electrodes, identifying supercapacitor and desalination regimes linked to transmission line behavior.[19] His and Biesheuvel's modified Donnan model (mDM), which incorporates a Stern layer and a non-electrostatic attractive potential, has been used to describe ion adsorption in micropores of porous electrodes in capacitive deionization.[20] In applied mathematics, his research introduced "induced-charge electro-osmosis"[21] and new mathematical models, such as the Bazant-Storey-Kornyshev (BSK) equation, which incorporates lattice-gas entropy and a biharmonic term in the electrostatic potential[22] and has been used to study electrokinetic phenomena.[23] Furthermore, his work extended conformal mapping to a class of non-harmonic functions,[24] generalized diffusion-limited aggregation,[25] and proposed solutions to the Navier-Stokes equations.[26] He also investigated the use of matched asymptotic expansions in electrochemical engineering.[27]

As of July 2025, his work has received 34,825 citations according to Scopus.[28]

Awards and honors

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  • 2015 – Alexander Kuznetsov Prize in Theoretical Electrochemistry, International Society of Electrochemistry[29]
  • 2017 – Fellow, International Society of Electrochemistry[30]
  • 2018 – Fellow, American Physical Society[31]
  • 2018 – Andreas Acrivos Award for Professional Progress in Chemical Engineering, American Institute of Chemical Engineers[32]
  • 2019 – MITx Prize for Teaching and Learning in MOOCs, Massachusetts Institute of Technology[33]
  • 2025 – Member, National Academy of Engineering[34]

Selected articles

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  • Bazant, M. Z.; Thornton, K.; Ajdari, A. (2004). "Diffuse-charge dynamics in electrochemical systems". Physical Review E. 70 (2): 021506. doi:10.1103/PhysRevE.70.021506.
  • Bazant, M. Z. (2004). "Conformal mapping of some non-harmonic functions in transport theory". Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series A. 460 (2045): 1433–1452. doi:10.1098/rspa.2003.1218.
  • Bazant, M. Z.; Moffatt, H. K. (2005). "Exact solutions of the Navier-Stokes equations having steady vortex structures". Journal of Fluid Mechanics. 541: 55–64. doi:10.1017/S0022112005006130.
  • Bazant, M. Z.; Kilic, M. S.; Storey, B. D.; Ajdari, A. (2009). "Towards an understanding of induced-charge electrokinetics at large applied voltages in concentrated solutions". Advances in Colloid and Interface Science. 152 (1–2): 48–88. doi:10.1016/j.cis.2009.10.001.
  • Bazant, M. Z.; Storey, B. D.; Kornyshev, A. A. (2011). "Double layer in ionic liquids: Overscreening versus crowding". Physical Review Letters. 106 (4): 046102. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.106.046102.
  • Bazant, M. Z. (2013). "Theory of chemical kinetics and charge transfer based on nonequilibrium thermodynamics". Accounts of Chemical Research. 46 (5): 1144–1160. doi:10.1021/ar300145c.
  • Bazant, M. Z. (2017). "Thermodynamic stability of driven open systems and control of phase separation by electro-autocatalysis". Faraday Discussions. 199: 423–463. doi:10.1039/C7FD00037E.
  • Bazant, M. Z.; Bush, J. W. (2021). "A guideline to limit indoor airborne transmission of COVID-19". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 118 (17): e2018995118. doi:10.1073/pnas.2018995118.
  • Bazant, M. Z. (2023). "Unified quantum theory of electrochemical kinetics by coupled ion–electron transfer". Faraday Discussions. 246: 60–124. doi:10.1039/D3FD00108C.

References

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  1. ^ a b c "Martin Z. Bazant". web.mit.edu. Retrieved July 3, 2025.
  2. ^ "Harvard University–Martin Z. Bazant". efthimioskaxiras.scholars.harvard.edu. Retrieved July 3, 2025.
  3. ^ "MIT Corporation grants tenure to 50 faculty". MIT News | Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Retrieved July 3, 2025.
  4. ^ "Martin Z. Bazant: The Mathematician Turned Chemical Engineer".
  5. ^ "Martin Bazant named inaugural E.G. Roos (1944) Professor". MIT News | Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Retrieved July 3, 2025.
  6. ^ "Profile". math.mit.edu. Retrieved July 3, 2025.
  7. ^ "Martin Z. Bazant – MIT Chemical Engineering". cheme.mit.edu. Retrieved July 3, 2025.
  8. ^ a b "MIT Chemical Engineering introduces new MOOC Analysis of Transport Phenomena II: Applications (10.50.2x) – MIT Chemical Engineering". cheme.mit.edu. Retrieved July 3, 2025.
  9. ^ "Martin Bazant named Inaugural President of International Electrokinetics Society". cheme.mit.edu. Retrieved July 7, 2025.
  10. ^ "Random Walks and Diffusion | Mathematics". MIT OpenCourseWare. Retrieved July 7, 2025.
  11. ^ "Electrochemical Energy Systems | Chemical Engineering". MIT OpenCourseWare. Retrieved July 7, 2025.
  12. ^ Cheng, Fang; Hu, Ye; Zhao, Lixian (2020). "Analysis of weak solutions for the phase-field model for lithium-ion batteries". Applied Mathematical Modelling. 78: 185–199. doi:10.1016/j.apm.2019.09.048.
  13. ^ Pogorelov, Evgeny; Kundin, Julia; Fleck, Michael (2017). "Analysis of the dependence of spinodal decomposition in nanoparticles on boundary reaction rate and free energy of mixing". Computational Materials Science. 140: 105–112. doi:10.1016/j.commatsci.2017.08.028.
  14. ^ Shi, Siqi; Gao, Jian; Liu, Yue; Zhao, Yan; Wu, Qu; Ju, Wangwei; Ouyang, Chuying; Xiao, Ruijuan (2016). "Multi-scale computation methods: Their applications in lithium-ion battery research and development". Chinese Physics B. 25 (1): 018212. doi:10.1088/1674-1056/25/1/018212.
  15. ^ Lagnoni, Marco; Bertei, Antonio (2025). "Electrochemical diffusion signatures of solid-solution and phase-separating active materials in Li-ion batteries". Journal of Physics: Energy. 7 (3): 035024. doi:10.1088/2515-7655/ade5ca.
  16. ^ Zhang, Jin; Chadwick, Alexander F.; Voorhees, Peter W. (2023). "Quantitative Phase Field Model for Electrochemical Systems". Journal of The Electrochemical Society. 170 (12): 120503. doi:10.1149/1945-7111/ad0ff6.
  17. ^ Lees, Eric W.; Bui, Justin C.; Romiluyi, Oyinkansola; Bell, Alexis T.; Weber, Adam Z. (2024). "Exploring CO₂ reduction and crossover in membrane electrode assemblies". Nature Chemical Engineering. 1: 340–353. doi:10.1038/s44286-024-00062-0.
  18. ^ Franco, Alejandro A.; Rucci, Alexis; Brandell, Daniel; Frayret, Christine; Gaberscek, Miran; Jankowski, Piotr; Johansson, Patrik (2019). "Boosting Rechargeable Batteries R&D by Multiscale Modeling: Myth or Reality?". Chemical Reviews. 119 (7): 4569–4627. doi:10.1021/acs.chemrev.8b00239.
  19. ^ Jeanmairet, Guillaume; Rotenberg, Benjamin; Salanne, Mathieu (2022). "Microscopic Simulations of Electrochemical Double-Layer Capacitors". Chemical Reviews. 122 (12). doi:10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00925.
  20. ^ Younes, Hammad; Lou, Ding; Mao, Mingyang; Rahman, Md Mahfuzur; AlNahyan, Maryam; Younis, Hassan; Hong, Haiping; Datta, Moni K. (August 2024). "A review on capacitive deionization: Recent advances in Prussian blue analogues and carbon materials based electrodes". Hybrid Advances. 6: 100191. doi:10.1016/j.hybadv.2024.100191.
  21. ^ Schnitzer, Ory; Yariv, Ehud (2012). "Induced-charge electro-osmosis beyond weak fields". Physical Review E. 86 (6): 061506. doi:10.1103/PhysRevE.86.061506.
  22. ^ Avni, Yael; Adar, Ram M.; Andelman, David (2020). "Charge oscillations in ionic liquids: A microscopic cluster model". Physical Review E. 101 (1): 010601. doi:10.1103/PhysRevE.101.010601.
  23. ^ Park, Yun Sung; Kang, In Seok (2021). "Perturbation analysis for the effects of ion correlations on the surface force and the specific capacitance in a nanochannel". Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects. 614: 126207. doi:10.1016/j.colsurfa.2021.126207.
  24. ^ Goyette, Pierre-Alexandre; Boulais, Étienne; Normandeau, Frédéric; Laberge, Gabriel; Juncker, David; Gervais, Thomas (2019). "Microfluidic multipoles theory and applications". Nature Communications. 10: 1781. doi:10.1038/s41467-019-09740-7.
  25. ^ Sun, Huaihu; Celadon, Axel; Cloutier, Sylvain G.; Al-Haddad, Kamal; Sun, Shuhui; Zhang, Gaixia (2024). "Lithium dendrites in all-solid-state batteries: From formation to suppression". Battery Energy. 3 (3). doi:10.1002/bte2.20230062.
  26. ^ Patton, Lydia (2023). "Fishbones, Wheels, Eyes, and Butterflies: Heuristic Structural Reasoning in the Search for Solutions to the Navier-Stokes Equations". In Patton, L.; Curiel, E. (eds.). Working Toward Solutions in Fluid Dynamics and Astrophysics. Springer, Cham. doi:10.1007/978-3-031-25686-8_4.
  27. ^ Richardson, G.; King, J.R. (2007). "Time-dependent modelling and asymptotic analysis of electrochemical cells". Journal of Engineering Mathematics. 59: 239–275. doi:10.1007/s10665-006-9114-6.
  28. ^ "Bazant, Martin Z." Scopus. Retrieved July 7, 2025.
  29. ^ "International Society of Electrochemistry Awards". ise-online.org. Retrieved July 8, 2025.
  30. ^ "International Society of Electrochemistry". ise-online.org. Retrieved July 8, 2025.
  31. ^ "Four from MIT named American Physical Society Fellows for 2018". MIT News | Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Retrieved July 8, 2025.
  32. ^ "Andreas Acrivos Award for Professional Progress in Chemical Engineering". www.aiche.org. June 3, 2014. Retrieved July 8, 2025.
  33. ^ "Seven MIT educators honored for digital learning innovation". MIT News | Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Retrieved July 7, 2025.
  34. ^ "NAE Website - Professor Martin Zdenek Bazant". nae.edu. Retrieved July 8, 2025.
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