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List of countries in Asia and Oceania by Human Development Index

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The Human Development Index (HDI) is a comparative measure of life expectancy, literacy, education and standards of living for countries worldwide. It is a standard means of measuring well-being, especially child welfare. It is used to distinguish whether the country is a developed, a developing or an under-developed country, and also to measure the impact of economic policies on quality of life. Countries fall into four broad categories based on their HDI: (very high, high, medium, and low human development). Currently, no Oceanian country falls into the low human development category while Afghanistan, Pakistan and Yemen are the only Asian countries which fall into this category, although recovering rapidly.

The index was developed in 1990 by Pakistani economist Mahbub ul Haq[1][2]

The table below presents the latest Human Development Index (HDI)[3] for countries in Asia and the Pacific as included in a Development report of united nations development programme released on 6 May 2025 and based on data collected in 2023.[4]

Countries with contiguous boundaries that are partially (but not entirely) located in Asia are shown here in italics, but HDI figures are given for the whole country. Macau, North Korea, and Taiwan in Asia, are not ranked as they are not included in the latest report by the United Nations Development Programme. As of 2025 ,Taiwan ranked very Highly in HDI with 0.926 per official figures.

List of countries in Asia and Oceania by Human Development Index
Rank Nation Human Development
Index (HDI)
Region World HDI 2023 HDI 2022 HDI 2021 Change in HDI Value (2021-2023)
Very High Human Development
1 7  Australia 0.958 0.946 0.949 Increase 0.009
2 8  Hong Kong, China (SAR)[note 1] 0.955 0.956 0.959 Decrease 0.004
3 13  Singapore 0.946 0.949 0.942 Increase 0.004
4 15  United Arab Emirates 0.940 0.937 0.931 Increase 0.009
5 17  New Zealand 0.938 0.939 0.936 Increase 0.002
6 20  South Korea 0.937 0.929 0.926 Increase 0.011
7 23  Japan 0.925 0.920 0.920 Increase 0.005
8 27  Israel 0.919 0.915 0.911 Increase 0.004
9 32  Cyprus[note 2] 0.913 0.907 0.901 Increase 0.012
10 37  Saudi Arabia 0.900 0.875 0.867 Increase 0.033
11 38  Bahrain 0.899 0.888 0.884 Increase 0.015
12 43  Qatar 0.886 0.875 0.864 Increase 0.022
13 50  Oman 0.858 0.819 0.810 Increase 0.048
14 51  Turkey[note 3] 0.853 0.855 0.841 Increase 0.012
15 52  Kuwait 0.852 0.849 0.838 Increase 0.014
16 57  Georgia[note 4] 0.844 0.814 0.809 Increase 0.035
17 60  Brunei 0.837 0.823 0.824 Increase 0.013
18 60  Kazakhstan[note 5] 0.837 0.802 0.801 Increase 0.036
19 64  Russia[note 6] 0.832 0.821 0.818 Increase 0.014
20 67  Malaysia 0.819 0.807 0.798 Increase 0.021
21 69  Armenia[note 7] 0.811 0.786 0.774 Increase 0.037
High Human Development
22 75  Iran 0.799 0.780 0.776 Increase 0.023
23 76  Thailand 0.798 0.803 0.797 Increase 0.001
24 78  China[note 8] 0.797 0.788 0.785 Increase 0.012
25 81  Azerbaijan[note 9] 0.789 0.760 0.738 Increase 0.051
26 84  Palau 0.786 0.797 0.802 Decrease 0.015
27 89  Sri Lanka 0.776 0.780 0.783 Decrease 0.007
28 92  Tonga 0.769 0.739 0.738 Increase 0.031
29 93  Maldives 0.766 0.762 0.753 Increase 0.013
30 93  Vietnam 0.766 0.726 0.718 Increase 0.048
31 95  Turkmenistan 0.764 0.744 0.740 Increase 0.024
32 100  Jordan 0.754 0.736 0.736 Increase 0.018
33 100  Egypt[note 10] 0.754 0.728 0.726 Increase 0.028
34 102  Lebanon 0.752 0.723 0.725 Increase 0.027
35 104  Mongolia 0.747 0.741 0.730 Increase 0.017
36 107  Uzbekistan 0.740 0.727 0.721 Increase 0.006
37 108  Marshall Islands 0.733 0.731 0.729 Increase 0.004
38 111  Fiji 0.731 0.729 0.715 Increase 0.016
39 113  Indonesia[note 11] 0.728 0.713 0.707 Increase 0.021
40 117  Philippines 0.720 0.710 0.692 Increase 0.028
41 117  Kyrgyzstan 0.720 0.701 0.696 Increase 0.024
42 122  Samoa 0.708 0.702 0.708 Steady 0.000
43 122  Nauru 0.703 0.696 0.693 Increase 0.010
Medium Human Development
44 125  Bhutan 0.698 0.681 0.677 Increase 0.021
45 126  Iraq 0.695 0.673 0.667 Increase 0.028
46 128  Tajikistan 0.691 0.679 0.677 Increase 0.014
47 129  Tuvalu 0.689 0.653 0.653 Increase 0.036
48 130  Bangladesh 0.685 0.670 0.662 Increase 0.023
49 131  India 0.685 0.644 0.633 Increase 0.052
50 133  Palestine 0.674 0.716 0.715 Decrease 0.041
51 140  Kiribati 0.644 0.628 0.627 Increase 0.017
52 142  Timor Leste 0.634 0.566 0.574 Increase 0.060
53 145    Nepal 0.622 0.601 0.591 Increase 0.031
54 146  Vanuatu 0.621 0.614 0.614 Increase 0.007
55 147  Laos 0.617 0.620 0.615 Increase 0.002
56 149  Micronesia 0.615 0.634 0.634 Decrease 0.019
57 150  Myanmar 0.609 0.608 0.599 Increase 0.010
58 151  Cambodia 0.606 0.600 0.596 Increase 0.010
59 156  Solomon Islands 0.584 0.562 0.564 Increase 0.020
60 160  Papua New Guinea 0.576 0.568 0.564 Increase 0.012
61 162  Syria 0.564 0.557 0.558 Increase 0.006
Low Human Development
62 168  Pakistan 0.544 0.540 0.537 Increase 0.007
63 181  Afghanistan 0.496 0.462 0.473 Increase 0.023
64 184  Yemen 0.470 0.424 0.425 Increase 0.045

See also

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Notes

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  1. ^ Hong Kong is a special administrative region of China.
  2. ^ Cyprus is geographically a part of Western Asia (or the Middle East), though politically and culturally it is often considered as being a part of Europe.
  3. ^ A portion of Turkey, known as East Thrace, is a part of Europe, making up about 3% of the country's land area and 14% of its population.
  4. ^ The municipality of Kazbegi is located in Europe, which makes up about 0.1% of Georgia's population.
  5. ^ Two regions of Kazakhstan, namely Atyrau and West Kazakhstan, are partly located in Europe.
  6. ^ Russia is geographically a transcontinental country, though culturally and politically it is often considered as being a part of Europe. Asian Russia consists of over 75% of the country's territory, but only 22% of its population.
  7. ^ Armenia is geographically a part of Western Asia (or the Middle East), though culturally and politically it is often considered as being a part of Europe.
  8. ^ Data for China are calculated for mainland China only, excluding Taiwan and the special administrative regions of Hong Kong and Macao.
  9. ^ The districts of Khachmaz, Quba, Qusar, Shabran, and Siazan are geographically in Europe, placing about 5% of Azerbaijan's population in Europe.
  10. ^ The portion of Egypt located in Asia is the Sinai Region, comprising about 6% of the country's landmass. However, the country is politically a part of Africa.
  11. ^ The Aru Islands and Western New Guinea are geographically in Oceania, comprising approx. 22% of Indonesia's landmass and 2% of its population. However, the country is politically a part of Asia.

References

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  1. ^ "History of the Human Development Report". United Nations Development Programme. Archived from the original on 3 April 2009. Retrieved 26 March 2009.
  2. ^ "The Human Development concept". UNDP. 2010. Archived from the original on 15 April 2012. Retrieved 29 July 2011.
  3. ^ "Table 1: Human Development Index and its components".
  4. ^ "Human Development Report 2023". Human Development Report Office of the United Nations Development Programme. Archived from the original (PDF) on 13 March 2024. Retrieved 22 May 2024.
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