Khargone
 | This article needs additional citations for verification. (July 2010) |
Khargone | |
|---|---|
Khargone Fort JNV Khargone Navagaraha Temple Khargone Town Hall Khargone Navgraha Mela Khargone | |
| Nickname(s): Village of Cotton and Chilli | |
  Khargone Location in Madhya Pradesh, India | |
| Coordinates: 21°49′12″N 75°37′07″E / 21.82°N 75.6187°E | |
| Country |  India |
| State | Madhya Pradesh |
| District | Khargone |
| Region | Nimar |
| Elevation | 258 m (846 ft) |
| Population (2011) | |
• City | 106,454 |
| • Rank | 243rd 23rd (in Madhya Pradesh state) |
| • Urban | 215,000 |
| • Metro | 133,368 |
| Languages | |
| • Official | Hindi and English |
| • Regional | Hindi and Nimadi dialect of Hindi |
| Time zone | UTC+5:30 (IST) |
| PIN | 451001 |
| Telephone code | 07282 |
| Vehicle registration | MP-10 |
| Sex ratio | 1000/945 ♂/♀ |
| Literacy Rate | 80.63%[3] |
| HDI | High[4] |
| Climate | Cwa / Aw (Köppen) |
| Precipitation | 914 mm (36.0 in) |
| Avg. annual temperature | 26.0 °C (78.8 °F) |
| Avg. summer temperature | 45 °C (113 °F) |
| Avg. winter temperature | 21 °C (70 °F) |
| Website | khargone |
Khargone is a city and administrative headquarters of the Khargone district in the Indian state of Madhya Pradesh. The city is located on the bank of the Kunda river and is known for its cotton and chilly (chili pepper) production. It is also known for Navgraha Mandir, a temple devoted to the nav grahas (nine planets). Khargone topped the nation in municipality and received a national award for 'India's Fastest Moving City' under a population of two lakh. Khargone ranked 10th Cleanest city in India in Swachh Survekshan 2020[5] City ranked the 15th cleanest city in India in Swachh Survekshan 2018[6] and ranked 17th cleanest city in India in Swachh Survekshan 2017.[7]
History
[edit]According to mythology, the name Nimar / Nimad is the southwestern region of Madhya Pradesh state in west-central India. This region has sub-regions which include Nimar, Khargone, Khandwa, Barwani, Burhanpur and Dhar.
Location of Nimar in Madhya Pradesh
The region lies south of the Vindhya Range, and consists of two portions of the Narmada and Tapti river valleys, separated by a section of the Satpura Range, about 15 miles (24 km) in breadth. On the highest peak, about 800 ft (244 m) above the plain and 1800 ft (549 m) above sea-level, stands the fortress of Asirgarh, commanding a pass which has for centuries been the chief highway between Upper India and the Deccan.[1]
The Nimar region is home to the Nimadi language.
History According to historical records found in the Indore Gazetteer, Bija Gawli, also known as Bija Singh Ahir, held the position of king in Nimar during the 14th century. The Ain-i-Akbari, a significant historical document, makes reference to Khargao, a Mahal (Palace) located in Bijagarh, Nimar. As we progress into the fifteenth century, it becomes apparent that numerous Gawli or Ahir/Yadav chiefs took initiative in establishing small municipalities in southern Nimar, which notably included the Bijagarh fort. The Gazetteer firmly asserts that their dominion over these territories is an indisputable historical fact.[2]
Later on Nimar was formed as a district of British India, in the Nerbudda Division of the Central Provinces. The administrative headquarters were at Khandwa; but the capital in Muslim times was Burhanpur. Area, 4273 mi² (11,067 km²), population (1901) 329,615. The staple crops were cotton and millet; ganja or Indian hemp was also allowed to be grown under government supervision. The Great Indian Peninsula railway ran through the district, and a branch of the Rajputana line from Indore joined it at Khandwa. There were factories for ginning and pressing cotton at Khandwa, and manufacture of gold-embroidered cloth at Burhanpur. The district contained extensive forests, and the government preserved a section known is the Punasa forest, which extended for about 120 miles (190 km) along the south bank of the Narmada, home to forests of teak (Tectona grandis), sain (Terminalia tomentosa) and anjan (Hardwickia binata) trees.[1]
Nimar was also a district in the princely state of Indore lying west of the British district on both banks of the Narmada. Area, 3871 mile² (10,026 km²); pop. (1901) 257,110. From 1823 onwards this tract, then belonging to Sindhia rulers of Gwalior, was under British management; in 1861 it was ceded in full sovereignty to the British, but in 1867 it passed to Holkar rulers of Indore as the result of an exchange of territory.[1]
After Indian independence in 1947, The former British district became the Nimar District of the new state of Madhya Pradesh, with its administrative seat at Khandwa; the Nimar District of Indore state became the Nimar district of the new state of Madhya Bharat, with its administrative seat at Khargone. When Madhya Bharat was merged into Madhya Pradesh on 1 November 1956, The former Madhya Bharat district became West Nimar District, while the eastern district became East Nimar District. West Nimar district was split into the districts of Barwani and Khargone on 24 May 1998 and similarly East Nimar district was split into the districts of Khandwa and Burhanpur on 15 August 2003.
The population of this region according to the 2011 Census is 7,044,884 people.
Districts of Nimar Barwani Burhanpur Harda Jhabua Khandwa Khargone Dhar (Manawar District) (Southern part) Barwaha (Proposed) Cities of Nimar Anjad Bagh Barwaha Barwani Beria Bhagwanpura Bhikangaon Burhanpur Dhamnod Dharampuri Gogawan Harda Harsud Icchapur Jhabua Jhirniya Kasrawad Kenud Khandwa Khalwa Khargone Khetia Kukshi Maheshwar Manawar Mandav Mandhata Mandleshwar Mundi Nepanagar Palsud Pandhana Punasa Pansemal Rajpur Sanawad Satwas Sendhwa Shahpur Thikri Notable people Tantia Bhīl - a tribal leader who actively fought against British Raj between 1878 and 1889 Kishore Kumar- One of the greatest Indian playback singers. Nandkumar Singh Chauhan Vijayalaxmi Sadho Arun Yadav Former Member of Parliament,Khandwa Sachin Yadav - MLA and former Agricultural minister of Madhya Pradesh. Subhash Yadav - Former deputy chief minister. Narayan Patel References
One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Nimar". Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 19 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 701. "-: Welcome to Rajasthan Yadav Mahasabha :-". www.yadavmahasabharajasthan.com. Retrieved 29 September 2023.
vte Historical regions of North India AhirwalAwadhBagelkhandBagarBaltistanBhojpurBrajBundelkhandDardistanDoabaDhundharGarhwalGorwarHadotiJammuKashmirKumaonLadakhMajhaMarwarMewarMewatPunjab MalwaPurvanchalRohilkhandShekhawatiVagad निमाड़ रैप || Nimad Rap
Category: Regions of Madhya Pradesh"]] was derived from the word "Nimarya" (निमार्य), which signifies that the land had belonged to both the Aryas and the non-Arya. However, according to another myth, the word "Nimar" has been associated with the place due to the presence of many Neem trees.[8]
At different times in history, the area was ruled by the Kingdoms of Haihayas (हैहय) of Maheshwar, Parmar of Malwa, Ahirs of Asirgarh,[9] Muslims of Mandav, Mughals and Marathas. After the formation of the state of Madhya Pradesh on 1 November 1956, the district came into existence as West Nimar (पश्चिम निमाड़). Later (on 25 May 1998) due to certain administrative needs, the district was divided between Khargone and Barwani. The population of the district was estimated to be about 1,872,413, according to the census of India 2011.
Tourism
[edit]Here the very ancient Shri Navagraha Temple is situated on the banks of the Kunda river, due to which the city is known as Navgrah ki Nagri (City of Navagraha),
Near 17 Kilometer, Oon is a very old village in which are 99 Bhumija-style temples built by emperor Ballaleshwar. Oon has a MahaLakshmi and Jain temple.
Jain temples
[edit]Chaubara Dera 2 and Gwaleshwar temple are two 12th century Jain temples built in Western Chalukya architecture. Chaubara Dera 2 houses three inscriptions dated 1170 CE, 1185 CE and 1165 CE. Gwaleshwar temple or popularly known as Pavagiri is an ancient Jain temple. The name, Gwaleshwar temple, is derived from the fact the Jain monks used to take shelter in the temple during storms. This temple is a siddh kshetra, believed to be place of nirvana for many Jain monks. The mulnayak of the temple is seated on triratha pedestal bearing a 13th-century inscription.[10][11]
Geography
[edit]Khargone is located in the south-west border of Madhya Pradesh, 258 metres (846 ft) above sea level. It is spread over an area of 8,030 square kilometres (3,100 sq mi). Towards the north it borders Dhar, Indore and Dewas districts. Towards the south, it borders Maharashtra, in the east, Khandwa and Burhanpur, Barwani in the west. Khargone is in the middle of the Narmada River valley with the Vindhyachal mountain range situated in the north and Satpura in the south. The River Narmada flows along a path of 50 kilometres (31 mi) inside the district. Veda and Kunda are the other two main rivers in the district.
Demographics
[edit]Khargone is growing fast as a city, and it now includes many flourishing villages. As of 2011[update] India census,[12][unreliable source?] Khargone had a population of 1,16,150. While males constitute 51.44% of the population, females average 49.46%. Khargone has an average literacy rate of 80.9%. This is higher than the national average of 74.04%: male literacy is 87.84%, and female literacy is 75.73%. About 13% of the population is under 6 years of age.
Climate
[edit]Khargone has a transitional climate between a tropical wet and dry climate and a humid subtropical climate. Three distinct seasons are observed: summer, monsoon and winter. Summers are extremely hot and dry in this region, lasting from mid-march to mid-June followed by the monsoon season. The temperatures in summer are usually above 40 °C (104 °F) during April–May. During these months when temperatures become very high, the dry and hot wind (locally known as "loo") blows in this area, widely affecting the local ecology. The temperature also remains quite high during the night.
The monsoon arrives in late June, with temperatures around 29 °C (84 °F) and about 36 inches (914 mm) rainfall. The rainy season is humid and has substantial rainfall. Local people are commonly affected by the flooding of river Kunda, which flows from the outskirts of the city. Winters start in mid-November and are dry, mild and sunny. Temperatures average about 4–15 °C (39–59 °F), but can fall close to freezing on some nights.
| Climate data for Khargone (1991–2020, extremes 1969–2020) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 36.2 (97.2) |
39.6 (103.3) |
43.6 (110.5) |
46.2 (115.2) |
47.9 (118.2) |
47.6 (117.7) |
43.0 (109.4) |
38.6 (101.5) |
41.8 (107.2) |
42.4 (108.3) |
38.7 (101.7) |
38.4 (101.1) |
47.9 (118.2) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 27.9 (82.2) |
31.5 (88.7) |
36.6 (97.9) |
41.3 (106.3) |
42.7 (108.9) |
38.6 (101.5) |
33.5 (92.3) |
31.2 (88.2) |
33.2 (91.8) |
34.9 (94.8) |
31.6 (88.9) |
30.4 (86.7) |
34.6 (94.3) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 8.9 (48.0) |
12.1 (53.8) |
18.0 (64.4) |
24.4 (75.9) |
26.7 (80.1) |
25.0 (77.0) |
22.8 (73.0) |
22.4 (72.3) |
22.6 (72.7) |
20.5 (68.9) |
16.3 (61.3) |
10.8 (51.4) |
19.7 (67.5) |
| Record low °C (°F) | 4.0 (39.2) |
3.5 (38.3) |
7.6 (45.7) |
12.0 (53.6) |
20.5 (68.9) |
15.1 (59.2) |
18.2 (64.8) |
18.1 (64.6) |
12.7 (54.9) |
10.7 (51.3) |
6.5 (43.7) |
0.2 (32.4) |
0.2 (32.4) |
| Average rainfall mm (inches) | 3.1 (0.12) |
0.1 (0.00) |
2.5 (0.10) |
1.8 (0.07) |
4.3 (0.17) |
56.8 (2.24) |
132.4 (5.21) |
115.4 (4.54) |
46.1 (1.81) |
26.0 (1.02) |
1.8 (0.07) |
1.4 (0.06) |
391.5 (15.41) |
| Average rainy days | 0.2 | 0.0 | 0.2 | 0.0 | 0.3 | 3.9 | 7.0 | 4.9 | 2.9 | 1.1 | 0.2 | 0.1 | 20.8 |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 74 | 66 | 53 | 51 | 57 | 69 | 80 | 86 | 82 | 71 | 72 | 75 | 69 |
| Source: India Meteorological Department[13][14][15] | |||||||||||||
Education
[edit]Colleges
[edit]There are various colleges[16] in the district. These are affiliated with Devi Ahilya Vishwavidyalay, Indore (University of Indore) and offer several graduate and postgraduate-level courses. The list includes:
 |
- Alma Computer Khargone
- Devi Rukmini college of Education
- Government Girls Degree College
- Government Post Graduate Degree College
- Jawaharlal Nehru Mahavidyalaya
- Modak Institute of technology
- Nimar Institute of Information Technology and Science (NIITS), Khargone
- Saikripa Academy Khargone
- Shree Narayan Institute of Technology (SNIT)
- Shreeji Institute Of Technology and Management College
- Vikalp Krishi Shikshan Sansthan (College of Agriculture), Khargone.
Schools
[edit]There are various schools.[17][18]
|
These are affiliated with CBSE:
- Aaditya vidya vihar higher secondary school, khargone
- Creative Public School
- Devi Rukmani Higher Secondary School, Khargone
- Gokuldas Public School
- Kendriya Vidyalaya Khargone
- Maharishi Vidya Mandir, Khargone
- St. Jude's higher secondary school, Khargone
There are also Board of Secondary Education, Madhya Pradesh affiliated schools in Khargone as:
- Bal Shiksha Niketan
- D.A.G.H.S.S. No.1 (utkrisht school)
- D.A.G.H.S.S. No.2 (school of excellence)
- Gayatri Shiksha Niketan
- Govt. higher secondary school no.7 (Motipura)
- Priyadarshini higher secondary school
- Saraswati Shishu
- Vikalp Group of Education (School)
References
[edit]Citation
[edit]- ^ "Population of Madhya Pradesh (2020)".
- ^ "INDIA STATS : Million plus cities in India as per Census 2011".
- ^ "literacy rate".
- ^ "Archived copy" (PDF). www.dif.mp.gov.in. Archived from the original (PDF) on 20 March 2016. Retrieved 1 August 2022.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link) - ^ "Swach Sarvekshan movement".
- ^ "Swach Sarvekshan movement".
- ^ "Swachh Bharat rankings 2017: Here are the top 100 cities ranked on cleanliness". The Indian Express. 4 May 2017.
- ^ "परिचय: जिला खरगौन (म.प्र.) भारत 451001".
- ^ Mehta, BH (1984). Gonds of the Central Indian Highlands Vol II. Concept Publishing Company. p. 569. Retrieved 24 April 2016.
- ^ District Administration. "Shri Mahalaxmi and Other Temples of Oon". Government Of Madhya Pradesh. Retrieved 22 March 2022.
- ^ Akhikari 2004, p. 1201.
- ^ "Khargone Population, Religion, Caste, Working Data". cencus.co.in. Retrieved 1 November 2008.
- ^ "Climatological Tables of Observatories in India 1991-2020" (PDF). India Meteorological Department. Retrieved 8 April 2024.
- ^ "Station: Khargone Climatological Table 1981–2010" (PDF). Climatological Normals 1981–2010. India Meteorological Department. January 2015. pp. 415–416. Archived from the original (PDF) on 5 February 2020. Retrieved 6 January 2021.
- ^ "Extremes of Temperature & Rainfall for Indian Stations (Up to 2012)" (PDF). India Meteorological Department. December 2016. p. M122. Archived from the original (PDF) on 5 February 2020. Retrieved 6 January 2021.
- ^ "शिक्षा: जिला खरगौन (म.प्र.) भारत 451001". Khargone.nic.in. Retrieved 25 November 2018.
- ^ "Education Portal".
- ^ Kendriya Vidyalaya Khargone, Bhopal. khargone.kvs.ac.in.
Sources
[edit]- Akhikari, Swati Mandal (2004). "Professor Sudhir Ranjan Das Memorial Prize Essay: CHRONOLOGY OF TEMPLES AT UN". Indian History Congress. 65: 1197–1202. JSTOR 44144828.
External links
[edit]
