Jin Weiying
Jin Weiying | |
|---|---|
| 金维映 | |
 | |
| Born | 16 August 1904 Dinghai District, Republic of China (ROC) |
| Died | c. 1940/1941 Soviet Union (USSR) |
| Education | Ningpo Women's Normal School |
| Occupation(s) | teacher, revolutionary, trade unionist and participant in the Long March |
| Spouse(s) | Deng Xiaoping (m. 1932, div. bef. 1934) Li Weihan |
| Children | Li Tieying |
Jin Weiying (金维映, 16 August 1904 – c. 1940/1941), sometimes known as Ah Jin, was a Chinese teacher, revolutionary, trade unionist, member of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) and participant in the Long March.
Early life
[edit]Jin was born into a progressive gentry family on 16 August 1904 in the Dinghai District, Republic of China (ROC). She moved with her family to the Zhoushan Islands as a child.[1]
Jin was educated at the Ningpo Women's Normal School under the principal Shen Yi and became a teacher.[1]
Revolutionary activity
[edit]Jin joined the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) in 1926, and was appointed as a leader of a CCP cell in Dinghai. During this time she was nicknamed "the Girl General of Dinghai" due to her agitating among workers to form a labour union.[1]
After moving to Shanghai, Jin worked in a primary school and continued her involvement in union organising, becoming secretary of the Silk Workers Party Group. She also established a night school in 1930.[1] In 1934, Jin was elected as a delegate to the Soviet Republic of China National Congress.[1]
Jin was one of the thirty women who went with the First Front Red Army on the Long March.[2][3] She worked as a political instructor with the convalescent unit and organised food supplies.[1]
Personal life
[edit]Jin met party member Deng Xiaoping in 1931 in Shanghai.[4] They married in Ruijin during the summer 1932,[5][6] but he fell into political disfavour,[7] and they had divorced before 1934.[1] Deng later became the paramount leader of the People's Republic of China from 1978 to 1989.[8]
Soon after her divorce,[9] Jin married the Head of the Organization Department of the Chinese Communist Party, Li Weihan.[10] They had a child, Li Tieying, in 1936.[6][11]
Death
[edit]By the spring of 1938, Jin became ill and was coughing up blood, and travelled to Kuchino, near Moscow in the Soviet Union for medical treatment and to study.[12] Jin died in 1940 or 1941 and it is believed that her death occurred during German air raids in World War II.[1]
References
[edit]- ^ a b c d e f g h Lee, Lily Xiao Hong; Stefanowska, A. D.; Wiles, Sue; Ho, Clara Wing-chung (1998). Biographical Dictionary of Chinese Women. M.E. Sharpe. pp. 264–265. ISBN 978-0-7656-0798-0.
- ^ Lee, Lily Xiao Hong; Wiles, Sue (1999-02-01). Women of the Long March. Allen & Unwin. ISBN 978-1-74176-761-2.
- ^ Ono, Kazuko (1989). Chinese Women in a Century of Revolution, 1850-1950. Stanford University Press. p. 157. ISBN 978-0-8047-1497-6.
- ^ Goodman, David S. G. (1994). Deng Xiaoping and the Chinese Revolution: A Political Biography. Psychology Press. p. 35. ISBN 978-0-415-11253-6.
- ^ Stewart, Whitney (2001-01-01). Deng Xiaoping: Leader in a Changing China. Twenty-First Century Books. p. 41. ISBN 978-0-8225-4962-8.
- ^ a b Song, Yuwu (2014-01-10). Biographical Dictionary of the People's Republic of China. McFarland. p. 184. ISBN 978-1-4766-0298-1.
- ^ Marlay, Ross; Neher, Clark D. (1999). Patriots and Tyrants: Ten Asian Leaders. Rowman & Littlefield. p. 52. ISBN 978-0-8476-8442-7.
- ^ "Deng Xiaoping | Biography, Reforms, Transformation of China, & Facts". Britannica. 2025-03-24. Retrieved 2025-05-04.
- ^ Goldstein, Melvyn C. (2013-12-07). A History of Modern Tibet, Volume 3: The Storm Clouds Descend, 1955Ð1957. Univ of California Press. p. 109. ISBN 978-0-520-27651-2.
- ^ Sullivan, Lawrence R. (2012). Historical Dictionary of the Chinese Communist Party. Scarecrow Press. ISBN 978-0-8108-7225-7.
- ^ JPRS Report: China. Foreign Broadcast Information Service. 1992. p. 17.
- ^ Arincheva, Daria; Pantsov, Alexander (2023-04-21). The Kremlin's Chinese Advance Guard: Chinese Students in Soviet Russia, 1917-1940. Taylor & Francis. p. 225. ISBN 978-1-000-87390-0.