James Francis Jenkins
James Francis Jenkins (c. 1875 – May 6, 1931) was an American-born Canadian journalist and social activist.
Early life and education
[edit]Born in Forsyth, Georgia, Jenkins grew up in a segregated society.[1] His father operated a grocery store, and his mother ensured her children received an education.[1]
Jenkins attended Atlanta University, earning a BA in 1905.[1] Influenced by civil rights activist W. E. B. Du Bois, Jenkins contributed articles to Du Bois's publication, Moon Illustrated Weekly, advocating for civil rights.[1]
Career
[edit]Jenkins relocated to London, Ontario in 1913.[1] Initially employed as a labourer, he became active in journalism and social advocacy.[1] On July 14, 1923, he founded and edited the Dawn of Tomorrow newspaper, which addressed racial issues and promoted racial integration in Canada.[1][2] The newspaper, published weekly and later bi-monthly, reached a peak circulation of approximately 5,000 readers nationwide. Jenkins promoted racial unity and criticized systemic racism, occasionally causing controversy among local Black Canadian community leaders and church officials.[1]
In 1924, Jenkins co-founded the Canadian League for the Advancement of Colored People (CLACP), receiving its federal charter in 1925.[1][2] The league focused on social welfare, employment opportunities, and educational support for Black Canadians.[1]
From 1925, Jenkins assisted in juvenile court cases involving Black youth.[1]
Personal life
[edit]Jenkins was married to Eliza Christina Groat.[1] He died of heart failure in London, Ontario, on May 6, 1931, and was buried in Mount Pleasant Cemetery.[1][2] Jenkins's widow and family continued publishing the Dawn intermittently until 1953, with occasional issues produced into the early 21st century.[1]
Recognition
[edit]In 2009, the London Public Library and community historians unveiled an Ontario Heritage Trust plaque at his former home.[2] In 2023, University of Western Ontario launched an annual James Jenkins Black Scholarship to support Black students and publicly celebrated his contribution alongside other Black community builders.[3]