Hassan Zirak
Zirak Hassan حەسەن زیرەک | |
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| Background information | |
| Birth name | Hassan Abdullah Rahman |
| Born | November 29, 1921 Bukan, West Azerbaijan, Iran |
| Origin | Kurd |
| Died | June 26, 1972 (aged 50) Bukan, West Azerbaijan, Iran |
| Genres | Classical, folk, Kurdish |
| Occupation | Musician |
| Instrument | Vocals |
| Years active | 1953–1972 |
| Spouse(s) | Mediya Zandi Rabia Serencam[1] |
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| Nationalistic and patriotic songs | ||||||
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Hassan Zirek (Kurdish: حەسەن زیرەک, romanized: Hesen Zîrek; 29 November 1921 – 26 June 1972)[2][3] was a Kurdish singer-songwriter, known for his recordings of classical Kurdish folk songs. He was famous for his classical and sensual lyrics, and it is believed that he composed over a thousand songs in his lifetime.[4]
Early life and family
[edit]Hassan Abdullah Rahman, known professionally as Hassan Zirak, was born into a Kurdish family.[5] He had two brothers, Hussein and Kaka Mina, and one sister named Sarah. Following the early death of his father, Zirak's mother, Amina, remarried, and as a result of the family's changing circumstances, he began working at a young age, around 8–9.[6] He didn't attend formal schooling and remained illiterate throughout his life.[7] He later married Mediya Zandi, with whom he had two daughters, Arezu and Sakar.[1]
The Shriek of Kurdistan
[edit]The Shriek of Kurdistan (Kurdish: چریکەی کوردستان, romanized: Çirîkey Kurdistan) is a Kurdish-language biography book written by Hassan Zirak,[5] with assistance from his wife Mediya Zandi.[1][8] It was published in 1966 by Çaprengîn publisher, in Tehran, Iran. Shortly after its publication, Zirak was banned from performing on Iranian state radio, as publishing books in Kurdish was prohibited under the government of Mohammad Reza Pahlavi.[9][10] In the second edition of the book, Faraidoon Moradi provided the musical notation for 16 of Hassan Zirak's songs.[11]
The book is considered one of the first Kurdish publications of its kind in Pahlavi Iran.[12][13] After the publication of the book, a warrant was issued for Hassan Zirak's arrest by SAVAK on charges of 'spying against the state'.[14] Following this, Hassan Zirak fled to Iraqi Kurdistan and joined the Kurdish revolution.[15][16][17][18][19][20]
Influence
[edit]Despite his death in 1972, Zirak's music continues to be widely appreciated, and his legacy is recognized in various ways, including the annual commemorations in Silêmanî.[21] Zirak’s recordings are considered by some to be culturally significant in the preservation of Kurdish musical traditions.[22]
References
[edit]- ^ a b c Zîrek 1966, p. 32.
- ^ "یادی از هنرمند کرد حسن زیرک".
- ^ "An Introduction to Kurdish Folk Music". FolkWorks. Archived from the original on 31 July 2024. Retrieved 2024-07-26.
- ^ Broughton, Ellingham, Trillo, Simon, Mark, Richard (1999). World music: the rough guide. Africa, Europe and the Middle East, Volum 1. Rough Guides. ISBN 9781858286358.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ a b Zîrek 1966, p. 8.
- ^ Zîrek 1966, p. 9.
- ^ Zîrek 1966, p. 10.
- ^ Sharbajeri, Osman (1972). Gawhare (in Kurdish) (1 ed.).
- ^ Zîrek 1966, pp. 5–7.
- ^ Ibrahim H. 2012, p. 24.
- ^ "Hasan Zirak kimider? – Bernamegeh". 2024-07-31. Archived from the original on 31 July 2024. Retrieved 2025-05-05.
- ^ Zîrek, Hesen; Zandi, Mediya (1997). Çirîkey Kurdistan: Honrawey Hesen Zîrek [The Shriek of Kurdistan] (in Kurdish) (2 ed.). Sāzmān-i Intishārāt-i Burekeyî. ISBN 978-964-91528-0-6.
- ^ Ibrahim H. 2012, p. 50.
- ^ Ibrahim H. 2012, p. 52.
- ^ Ibrahim H. 2012, p. 79.
- ^ Sanjari, Fariborz (1999). چپ در ايران به روايت اسناد ساواک [Left-wing in Iran, according to Savak documents] (in Persian). مرکز بررسى اسناد تاريخى وزارت اطلاعات.
- ^ Muhammed Karim, Adil (2017). Rehendekanî Hesen Zîrek (in Kurdish). Sulaymaniyah, Kurdistan Region: Serdem. pp. 26–30.
- ^ Farshi, Ibrahim (2007). Hesen Zîrek u Zimanî Dûla (in Kurdish and Persian). Iran: Nawendî Şanoy Koçer. p. 26.
- ^ "زندگی حسن زیرک؛ داستان موسیقی". kurdpress (in Persian). 2018-06-26. Retrieved 2025-05-06.
- ^ Soltani, Anwar. Hassan Zirak's 100th Anniversary. pp. 16–21.
- ^ "Kurdish tea shop celebrates the life of renowned singer Hesen Zirek". www.rudaw.net. Retrieved 2024-09-26.
- ^ "Sulaimani remembers iconic singer Hassan Zirak on 47th anniversary of his death". www.rudaw.net. Retrieved 2024-09-26.
Sources
[edit]- Zîrek, Hesen (1966). Çirîkey Kurdistan [The Shriek of Kurdistan] (in Kurdish). Tehran, Iran: Çaprengîn. ISBN 978-964-91528-0-6.
- Ibrahim H., Mawlud (2012). Boçî Sawak Hesen Zîrekî Kûşt? [Why did the SAVAK kill Hassan Zirak?] (PDF) (in Kurdish) (1 ed.). Erbil, Kurdistan Region: Bedirxan.
External links
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