Gračac
Gračac
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|---|---|
| Municipality of Gračac Općina Gračac Општина Грачац | |
.jpg) A street in Gračac | |
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  Gračac | |
| Coordinates: 44°17′56″N 15°50′49″E / 44.299°N 15.847°E | |
| Country | Croatia |
| County | Zadar County |
| Government | |
| • Municipal mayor | Nataša Turbić (HDZ) |
| Area | |
| 958.3 km2 (370.0 sq mi) | |
| • Urban | 69.9 km2 (27.0 sq mi) |
| Population (2021)[3] | |
| 3,136 | |
| • Density | 3.3/km2 (8.5/sq mi) |
| • Urban | 2,060 |
| • Urban density | 29/km2 (76/sq mi) |
| Postal code | 23 440 |
| Area code | +385(0)23 |
| Vehicle registration | ZD |
| Website | gracac |
Gračac (pronounced [grǎtʃats]; ⓘ) is a municipality in the southern part of Lika, Croatia. The municipality is administratively part of Zadar County.
Gračac is located south of Udbina, northeast of Obrovac, northwest of Knin and southeast of Gospić.
Climate
[edit]Since records began in 1960, the highest temperature recorded at the local weather station was 39.6 °C (103.3 °F), on 2 August 2017.[4] The coldest temperature was −34.6 °C (−30.3 °F), on 13 January 2003.[5]
History
[edit]Gračac was ruled by Ottoman Empire between 1527 and 1687 (nominally to 1699) as part of the Sanjak of Lika in the Bosnia Eyalet before Austrian conquest. The 1712–14 census of Lika and Krbava registered 1,711 inhabitants, out of whom 1,655 were Vlachs, 53 were Catholic Bunjevci and 3 were Catholic Croats. The term "Vlach" was used at the time to describe a population of Eastern Orthodox religion and rarely as an ethnic group. Those families that moved to Gračac came from area south east of Belgrade.[6][7] In the late 19th century and early 20th century, Gračac was part of the Lika-Krbava County of the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes.
On 20 December 1865, judge Josifović of the Otočac court caused a scandal by sentencing 70 year old Gračac parish priest Jovan Radošević to 6 months imprisonment for failure to pay the interest on a 22 franc loan by the year's end. Radošević's opponents replaced him with priest Đuro Alaga.[8][relevant?]
From 1991 to 1995, Gračac was part of the self-proclaimed Republic of Serbian Krajina. In August of 1995, the town was taken over by Croatian forces during Operation Storm. At least 14 Serb civilians were killed by the Croatian Army in the nearby Kijani village during and in the aftermath of Operation Storm in August 1995.[9][10]
The area of Gračac was not part of the Austro-Hungarian crown land of Dalmatia, but it is often perceived as part of Dalmatia in the modern sense because of its inclusion in Zadar County.
Demographics
[edit]| Year | Pop. | ±% |
|---|---|---|
| 1857 | 19,099 | — |
| 1869 | 22,570 | +18.2% |
| 1880 | 19,388 | −14.1% |
| 1890 | 22,152 | +14.3% |
| 1900 | 24,607 | +11.1% |
| 1910 | 25,192 | +2.4% |
| 1921 | 25,437 | +1.0% |
| 1931 | 25,214 | −0.9% |
| 1948 | 17,946 | −28.8% |
| 1953 | 17,706 | −1.3% |
| 1961 | 16,670 | −5.9% |
| 1971 | 14,377 | −13.8% |
| 1981 | 12,151 | −15.5% |
| 1991 | 11,167 | −8.1% |
| 2001 | 3,923 | −64.9% |
| 2011 | 4,690 | +19.6% |
| 2021 | 3,136 | −33.1% |
| Source: Naselja i stanovništvo Republike Hrvatske 1857–2021, DZS | ||
In 2021, the municipality had 3,136 residents in the following 39 settlements:[3]
- Begluci, population 59
- Brotnja, population 22
- Bruvno, population 46
- Cerovac, population 2
- Dabašnica, population 1
- Deringaj, population 68
- Donja Suvaja, population 47
- Drenovac Osredački, population 8
- Duboki Dol, population 0
- Dugopolje, population 17
- Glogovo, population 3
- Gornja Suvaja, population 40
- Grab, population 35
- Gračac, population 2060
- Gubavčevo Polje, population 2
- Kaldrma, population 20
- Kijani, population 25
- Kom, population 22
- Kunovac Kupirovački, population 29
- Kupirovo, population 28
- Mazin, population 27
- Nadvrelo, population 0
- Neteka, population 75
- Omsica, population 4
- Osredci, population 32
- Otrić, population 17
- Palanka, population 11
- Pribudić, population 2
- Prljevo, population 4
- Rastičevo, population 2
- Rudopolje Bruvanjsko, population 30
- Srb, population 301
- Tiškovac Lički, population 1
- Tomingaj, population 21
- Velika Popina, population 42
- Vučipolje, population 1
- Zaklopac, population 12
- Zrmanja, population 9
- Zrmanja Vrelo, population 11
| population | 19099 | 22570 | 19388 | 22152 | 24607 | 25192 | 25437 | 25214 | 17946 | 17706 | 16670 | 14377 | 12151 | 11167 | 3923 | 4690 | 3136 |
| 1857 | 1869 | 1880 | 1890 | 1900 | 1910 | 1921 | 1931 | 1948 | 1953 | 1961 | 1971 | 1981 | 1991 | 2001 | 2011 | 2021 |
| Population by ethnicity | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Year of census | total | Croats | Serbs | Others |
| 1961 | 17,586 | 3,736 (21.24%) | 13,670 (77.73%) | 180 (1.02%) |
| 1971 | 14,819 | 3,107 (20.97%) | 11,318 (76.37%) | 394 (2.66%) |
| 1981 | 11,863 | 2,150 (18.12%) | 8,578 (72.31%) | 1,135 (9.57%) |
| 1991 | 10,434 | 1,697 (16.26%) | 8,371 (80.22%) | 366 (3.51%) |
| 2001 | 3,923 | 2,260 (57.61%) | 1,523 (38.82%) | 140 (3.57%) |
| 2011 | 4,690 | 2,528 (53.90%) | 2,118 (45.16%) | 44 (0.94%) |
Note: in some censuses, such as in 1981, parts of the population listed themselves as Yugoslavs instead of Croat or Serb.
Politics
[edit]Minority councils and representatives
[edit]Serbian and Croatian are co-official at the municipal level in Gračac.[11]: 2 As of 2023, most of the legal requirements for the fulfillment of bilingual standards have not been carried out. Cyrillic is not used official building signage, street signs, traffic signs or seals. Within official documents, it is only occasionally used on certain forms. There are no public legal and administrative employees proficient in the script.[11]: 133, 134
Directly elected minority councils and representatives are tasked with consulting tasks for the local or regional authorities in which they are advocating for minority rights and interests, integration into public life and participation in the management of local affairs.[12] At the 2023 Croatian national minorities councils and representatives elections Serbs of Croatia fulfilled legal requirements to elect 10 members minority councils of the Municipality of Gračac.[13]
Attractions
[edit]The name Gračac is derived from "gradina" which means an old abandoned castle. Near the town there are Lake Štikada and the karst field of Gračac. The Cerovac caves nearby are open for tourists. The town is on the way into the Lika region of Zadar county, and the surroundings offer good hunting game.
Sports
[edit]The local HPS chapter was called HPD "Crnopac".[14]: 214 It was liquidated on 20 January 1939.[15]: 240
Notable people
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ Government of Croatia (October 2013). "Peto izvješće Republike Hrvatske o primjeni Europske povelje o regionalnim ili manjinskim jezicima" (PDF) (in Croatian). Council of Europe. p. 36. Retrieved 30 November 2016.
- ^ Register of spatial units of the State Geodetic Administration of the Republic of Croatia. Wikidata Q119585703.
- ^ a b "Population by Age and Sex, by Settlements" (xlsx). Census of Population, Households and Dwellings in 2021. Zagreb: Croatian Bureau of Statistics. 2022.
- ^ DHMZ (2022-07-19). "Najviše izmjerene temperature zraka u Hrvatskoj za razdoblje od kada postoje mjerenja". Državni hidrometeorološki zavod.
- ^ DHMZ (2022-01-21). "Najniže izmjerene temperature zraka u Hrvatskoj za razdoblje od kada postoje mjerenja". Državni hidrometeorološki zavod.
- ^ Šarić, Marko (2009). "Predmoderne etnije u Lici i Krbavi prema popisu iz 1712./14.". In Željko Holjevac (ed.). Identitet Like: Korijeni i razvitak (PDF) (in Croatian). Vol. 1. Zagreb: Institut društvenih znanosti Ivo Pilar. p. 375. ISBN 978-953-6666-65-2. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-09-24. Retrieved 2018-02-26.
- ^ http://www.skdprosvjeta.com/pdf/9.pdf Archived 2020-11-11 at the Wayback Machine Karl Kaser, POPIS LIKE I KRBAVE 1712. GODINE, (prijevod s njemačkog: Sanja Lazanin), 2003. #page=19,21
- ^ n.s. (1868-01-14). "Iz Gračaca u Liki (Osuda)". Novi Pozor. Vol. 2, no. 10. p. 388. ISSN 1334-4862.
- ^ "Press release on non-prosecuted crimes committed during and immediately after the military operation "Storm"". Documenta. Centre for Dealing with the Past. 9 July 2012.
- ^ International Court of Justice; Witness statement
- ^ a b "Izvješće o provođenju Ustavnog zakona o pravima nacionalnih manjina i o utrošku sredstava osiguranih u Državnom proračunu Republike Hrvatske za 2023. godinu za potrebe nacionalnih manjina". Vlada Republike Hrvatske (in Croatian) (published 2024-11-28). November 2023. Archived from the original on 2025-04-30.
- ^ "Manjinski izbori prve nedjelje u svibnju, kreću i edukacije". T-portal. 13 March 2023. Retrieved 10 June 2023.
- ^ "Informacija o konačnim rezultatima izbora članova vijeća i izbora predstavnika nacionalnih manjina 2023. XIII. ZADARSKA ŽUPANIJA" (PDF) (in Croatian). Državno izborno povjerenstvo Republike Hrvatske. 2023. p. 11. Archived from the original (PDF) on 18 June 2023. Retrieved 13 June 2023.
- ^ Plaček, Josip (1936) [1936-05-15]. "Izvještaj tajnika" (PDF). Hrvatski planinar (in Croatian). Vol. 32, no. 7–8. pp. 212–245. ISSN 0354-0650.
- ^ Plaček, Josip (1939) [1939-05-05]. "Izvještaj tajnika" (PDF). Hrvatski planinar (in Croatian). Vol. 35, no. 7–8. pp. 238–264. ISSN 0354-0650.
Further reading
[edit]History
[edit]- Vigato, Ivica (2021). "Hrvatskoćirilični rukopis kao spomenik hrvatske jezičnopovijesne i kulturne baštine". MemorabiLika: Znanstveni Časopis za ličku i opću zavičajnost (povijest, arheologija, geografija, jezik, književnost, običaji, krajolik, društvo i arhivsko gradivo. 4: 9–21. eISSN 2718-3319.
External links
[edit]
Subdivisions of Zadar County | ||
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| Cities and towns |  | |
| Municipalities | ||
| International | |
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| National | |
