Fratelia
Fratelia
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District of Timișoara | |
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| Coordinates: 45°43′19.64″N 21°12′55.76″E / 45.7221222°N 21.2154889°E | |
| Country | Romania |
| County | Timiș |
| City | Timișoara |
| Area | |
• Total | 2.31 km2 (0.89 sq mi) |
Fratelia (Hungarian: Újkissoda, also Újtesöld; German: Neukischoda, also Neutischold),[2] known until 1925 as Chișoda Nouă,[3] is a district in southern Timișoara. Fratelia was in the past divided into two areas: Fratelia A, located towards Calea Șagului and Fratelia B, located towards Calea Martirilor.
Geography
[edit]Fratelia is divided from Elisabetin by Gavril Musicescu Street, an L-shaped thoroughfare and one of the longest streets in Timișoara. Gavril Musicescu Street starts near Doina Market, runs a few hundred meters southward parallel to Calea Șagului, then takes a 90-degree turn eastward, stretching past Calea Girocului (Martirilor) before eventually fading out after several kilometers in the new Urseni residential area.
Fratelia was split into two sections: Fratelia A, which lies closer to Calea Șagului, and Fratelia B, situated near Calea Girocului (Martirilor). These two parts are divided by Cercului Street, commonly known as ștrec, a name that refers to the former railway that once ran there. Southwest of Fratelia is Steaua, to the west is Șagului, and to the northeast lies Braytim. Directly south, beyond a vacant lot, is Chișoda.
History
[edit]On the current location of Fratelia were discovered houses and ceramics characteristic of the early Neolithic (Vinča culture).[4] A Bronze Age cremation necropolis with about 200 graves has also been unearthed nearby.[5] Some of the funerary urns are on display today in the Museum of Banat.
In the early 1900s, the land on which Fratelia stands today was empty; much of it belonged to Kende family.[6] The Kendes owned a brickyard. They parceled out the land and gave their workers the opportunity to buy affordable land to build their houses.[6] Soon, a series of houses with gardens of flowers, fruits and vegetables appeared. The first street called Alleegasse (present-day Bujorilor Street) appeared also at that time.[6] At first the settlement was called Kendetelep (in Hungarian, telep means "settlement"),[7] which in 1910 was part of Chișoda.[8] In addition to brickyard workers, people from neighboring villages who worked in Timișoara built houses here. Later, the Kendes donated land for the construction of a town hall, a school, a church and a cemetery.[6] In 1919, the new settlement was named Chișoda Nouă and became a commune with its own administration.[6] In 1930 it had 7,688 inhabitants, of which 3,388 Hungarians, 3,160 Germans and 867 Romanians.[9] The first attempts to annex the village to Timișoara were between the two world wars, when the tram line was built. On 1 December 1928, Timișoara decided to take over the "sanitary and police measures, as well as the sewerage and lighting" of the suburban communes that were within a 5 km radius of it, including Fratelia.[10] At the same time, the inhabitants requested to join Timișoara.[11][12] Fratelia became the 6th constituency of Timișoara only in 1948.[6] The brick factory, once owned by the Kendes, disappeared in the 1980s when the current thermal power plant was built.[13]
References
[edit]- ^ Rieser, Hans-Heinrich (1992). Temeswar: geographische Beschreibung der Banater Hauptstadt. Sigmaringen: Thorbecke. p. 101. ISBN 3-7995-2501-7.
- ^ "Fratelia". Erdély, Bánság és Partium történeti és közigazgatási helységnévtára. Arcanum.
- ^ "LEGE nr. 95 din 13 iunie 1925 pentru Unificarea Administrativă". Portal Legislativ.
- ^ Drașovean, Florin (1989). "Observații pe marginea unor materiale inedite privind raporturile dintre culturile Starčevo-Criș, Vinča A și lumea liniară în nordul Banatului". Apulum (26): 9–48.
- ^ Munteanu-Dumitriu, Luminița (1988). Itinerarii arheologice bănățene. Bucharest: Editura Sport-Turism. p. 30.
- ^ a b c d e f von Schuster, Else (1996). Ein Rundgang durch Temeswar. ADZ-Verlag. ISBN 9789739754132.
- ^ Crețan, Remus (2006). Dicționar toponimic și geografico-istoric al localităților din județul Timiș. Vol. 1. Etnie, evoluție istorică și stratificare oiconimică. Timișoara: Editura Universității de Vest. ISBN 973-7608-65-8.
- ^ Borovszky, Samu (1914). "Temes vármegye községei". Magyarország vármegyéi és városai (PDF). Budapest: Országos Monográfia Társaság. p. 118.
- ^ Varga, Árpád E. "Temes megye településeinek etnikai (anyanyelvi/nemzetiségi) adatai 1880-1992" (PDF). A Kulturális Innovációs Alapítvány Könyvtára. p. 2.
- ^ "Dimineața, noiembrie 1928 (Anul 24, nr. 7865-7894)". Arcanum Newspapers.
- ^ "Patria, aprilie 1932 (Anul 14, nr. 57-79)". Arcanum Newspapers.
- ^ "Dimineața, decembrie 1932 (Anul 28, nr. 9316-9343)". Arcanum Newspapers.
- ^ Ilieșiu, Nicolae; Ilieșu, Petru (2018). Timișoara - Istoria unui oraș european. Vol. 1. Biblioteca Virtuală Banat. p. 114.