Foreign-trade zones of the United States
In the United States, a foreign-trade zone (FTZ) is a designated area located in or near a U.S. port of entry where domestic and foreign merchandise is considered outside U.S. customs territory for tariff purposes. In these zones, goods may be imported, stored, manipulated, manufactured, or re-exported without being subject to customs duties or other ad valorem taxes until they enter U.S. commerce.[1] The purpose of FTZs is to promote U.S. competitiveness in international trade by reducing tariff costs on imported inputs and exported finished products.[2]
These zones are established under federal law with authorization from the relevant state legislature and operate under the supervision of U.S. Customs and Border Protection, part of the United States Department of Homeland Security. Since 1986, customs oversight has been conducted primarily through audit-based compliance reviews and spot checks, rather than continuous on-site monitoring.[3]
As of 2025, there are more than 260 FTZ projects and nearly 400 subzones operating across the United States.[4][5][6]
History
[edit]The U.S. foreign-trade zones program was created by the Foreign-Trade Zones Act of 1934. The Foreign-Trade Zones Act was one of two key pieces of legislation passed in 1934 in an attempt to mitigate some of the destructive effects of the Smoot-Hawley Tariffs, which had been imposed in 1930. The Foreign-Trade Zones Act was created to "expedite and encourage foreign commerce" in the United States.
Through World War II, manufacturing activity was allowed only on a very limited basis. In 1950, the original act was amended to open up FTZs to manufacturing, but it had little impact until 1980. In that year, Congress again amended the act so that products manufactured in the zones would not be assessed on U.S. value-added. This ensured that the only tariffs a producer inside the zone selling to U.S. customers would pay, would be on the raw materials imported into the zone. This "integrated" model, which replaced the previous "island" model, spurred growth in the U.S. foreign-trade zones program.[7]
Benefits
[edit]U.S. FTZs pose multiple benefits, other than duty deferred and inverted tariff, which companies can use to benefit their bottom line. However, a majority of companies are not utilizing FTZs to their full potential because sometimes the unknown creates uncertainty.[8]
Some of the benefits of operating a FTZ include:[9]
- Improved inventory management
- Automated recordkeeping and document storage
- Increased visibility of the supply chain
- Improved cash flow
- Improved company compliance
- Lessened U.S. regulatory agency requirements for re-export
Inverted tariff
[edit]Inverted tariff benefits exist when the duty rate for the overall finished good is lower than the duty rate of the component parts. Therefore, by manufacturing finished goods within an FTZ, US importers can take advantage of the inverted tariff duty rate, all while keeping manufacturing operations within the US. Inverted tariff works when an importer with manufacturing authority within an FTZ is allowed to admit their components into the zone duty-free, manufacture the finished good, and pay CBP duties on the foreign content in the finished good at the lower duty rate of the finished goods at the time of entry. The importer avoids paying the higher duty rate on the component parts and defers the lower duty payment on the value of the foreign content until the time of consumption in the commerce of the US. Inverted tariff is seen predominantly in the manufacturing industry, benefiting automotive, petroleum, pharmaceutical, aerospace, electronics, textile companies and many more.[10]
Business in FTZs
[edit]Any company in any industry can apply to be a part of an FTZ. Companies importing to the U.S. on a regular basis and in high volume are the main participants. It is a way to reduce importing costs and save money by participating in special customs procedures and simplifies processes to run more efficient inventory control systems.
The process to register into one used to be lengthy — 9 to 12 months, depending on the industry and if a FTZ is being created vs. expanded.[11] This changed in 2011, when Alternative Site Framework (ASF) was introduced.
Alternative Site Framework
[edit]Alternative Site Framework (ASF) provides a streamlined process for foreign-trade zone grantees to quickly expand operations within their given service area. Grantees that have transitioned over to ASF are granted 2,000 "virtual" acres to designate sites within their service area, sometimes as quickly as thirty (30) days. As opposed to the Traditional Site Framework, this ASF option doesn't require a grantee to go through a traditional boundary modification for expansion purposes.[12] Companies now have the option to select between establishing their business in a usage-driven site or a magnet site.
Usage-driven sites
[edit]Usage-driven sites are sites within a grantee's service area, that must go through a designation and activation process with the grantee and the Foreign-Trade Zone Board prior to initiating operations. Under ASF, usage-driven sites replace the role that subzones once held – allowing companies to operate under FTZ status while being located outside of what used to be called "general purpose zones" or now known as magnet sites under ASF.[13]
Magnet sites
[edit]Magnet sites are usually industrial parks or multi-tenant sites within a grantee's service area, which have already been designated by the Foreign-Trade Zone Board. Once a company that's established in said industrial park wants to operate as an FTZ, it must only go through the designation process with the help of the grantee and local customs. Under ASF, magnet sites replace the role that general purpose zones once held – industrial parks that serve commerce as a public utility.
Subzones
[edit]A foreign-trade subzone is an area approved by the Foreign-Trade Zones Board for use by a specific company. Foreign-trade subzone companies enjoy all the same benefits as foreign-trade zone companies, but subzones are located outside existing general-purpose sites within 60 miles of the port of entry. Subzones allow companies that import and/or re-export products to take advantage of foreign-trade zone benefits without having to physically relocate within the foreign-trade zone general purpose sites. These sites are becoming obsolete with the implementation of ASF.
Alternate options – file for drawback
[edit]Companies have the ability, utilizing drawback filings, to recoup up to 99% of the duties paid on goods previously imported into the US, that are later exported and drawback can be claimed for goods exported up to three years prior to filing a claim with customs.[14]
List of zones
[edit]| State | FTZ # | Grantee | CBP port of entry |
|---|---|---|---|
| Alabama | 82 | City of Mobile | Mobile |
| Alabama | 83 | Huntsville-Madison County Airport Authority | Huntsville |
| Alabama | 98 | City of Birmingham | Birmingham |
| Alabama | 222 | Montgomery Area Chamber of Commerce | Birmingham |
| Alabama | 233 | Dothan-Houston County Foreign-Trade Zone, Inc. | Panama City |
| Alaska | 108 | City of Valdez | Valdez |
| Alaska | 160 | Port of Anchorage | Anchorage |
| Alaska | 195 | Fairbanks Economic Development Corp. | Fairbanks |
| Alaska | 232 | Kodiak Island Borough | Kodiak |
| Arizona | 60 | Nogales-Santa Cruz County Economic Development Foundation, Inc. | Nogales |
| Arizona | 75 | City of Phoenix | Phoenix |
| Arizona | 139 | Arizona Regional Economic Development Foundation | Naco |
| Arizona | 174 | Sun Corridor, Inc. | Tucson |
| Arizona | 219 | Greater Yuma Economic Development Corp. | San Luis |
| Arizona | 221 | City of Mesa | Phoenix |
| Arizona | 277 | Greater Maricopa Foreign Trade Zone, Inc. | Phoenix |
| Arkansas | 14 | Arkansas Department of Industrial Development | Little Rock |
| Arkansas | 273 | City of West Memphis Public Facilities Board | Memphis |
| California | 3 | San Francisco Port Commission | San Francisco |
| California | 18 | City of San Jose | San Jose |
| California | 50 | Board of Harbor Commissioners of the Port of Long Beach | Los Angeles / Long Beach |
| California | 56 | City of Oakland | San Francisco |
| California | 143 | Port of Sacramento | Sacramento |
| California | 153 | City of San Diego | San Diego |
| California | 191 | City of Palmdale Economic Development | Los Angeles / Long Beach |
| California | 202 | Board of Harbor Commissioners of the City of Los Angeles | Los Angeles / Long Beach |
| California | 205 | Board of Harbor Commissioners, Oxnard Harbor District | Port Hueneme |
| California | 226 | Board of Supervisors of the County of Merced | Fresno |
| California | 231 | Port of Stockton | Stockton |
| California | 236 | City of Palm Springs | Palm Springs |
| California | 243 | City of Victorville | Victorville |
| California | 244 | March Joint Powers Authority | Los Angeles / Long Beach |
| California | 248 | City of Eureka | Eureka |
| California | 257 | County of Imperial | Calexico |
| California | 276 | Kern County | Meadows Field Airport |
| Colorado | 112 | Colorado Springs Foreign-Trade Zone, Inc. | Denver |
| Colorado | 123 | City and County of Denver | Denver |
| Colorado | 293 | Town of Limon | Denver |
| Colorado | 298 | Jefferson County Economic Development Corporation | Rocky Mountain Metropolitan Airport |
| Connecticut | 71 | Economic and Industrial Development Commission of Windsor Locks | Hartford |
| Connecticut | 76 | Bridgeport Port Authority | Bridgeport |
| Connecticut | 162 | Greater New Haven Chamber of Commerce | New Haven |
| Connecticut | 208 | New London Foreign Trade Zone Commission | New London |
| Delaware | 99 | State of Delaware | Wilmington |
| Florida | 25 | Broward County | Port Everglades |
| Florida | 32 | Greater Miami Foreign Trade Zone, Inc. | Miami |
| Florida | 42 | Greater Orlando Aviation Authority | Orlando |
| Florida | 64 | Jacksonville Port Authority | Jacksonville |
| Florida | 65 | Panama City Port Authority | Panama City |
| Florida | 79 | City of Tampa | Tampa |
| Florida | 135 | Port of Palm Beach District | West Palm Beach |
| Florida | 136 | Canaveral Port Authority | Port Canaveral |
| Florida | 166 | Vision Foreign-Trade Zone, Inc. | Miami |
| Florida | 169 | Manatee County Port Authority | Port Manatee |
| Florida | 180 | Wynwood Community Economic Development Corp. | Miami |
| Florida | 193 | Pinellas County Economic Development | St. Petersburg |
| Florida | 198 | Volusia County Foreign-Trade Zone | Daytona Beach |
| Florida | 213 | Lee County Port Authority | Fort Myers |
| Florida | 215 | Sebring Airport Authority | Port Manatee |
| Florida | 218 | Treasure Coast Foreign Trade Zone, Inc. | Fort Pierce Station |
| Florida | 241 | City of Fort Lauderdale | Port Everglades |
| Florida | 249 | Pensacola-Escambia County Promotion & Development Commission | Pensacola |
| Florida | 250 | Sanford Airport Authority | Sanford |
| Florida | 281 | Miami-Dade County | Miami |
| Florida | 292 | City of Leesburg | Leesburg |
| Georgia | 26 | Georgia Foreign-Trade Zone, Inc. | Atlanta |
| Georgia | 104 | World Trade Center Savannah, LLC | Savannah |
| Georgia | 144 | Brunswick and Glynn County Development Authority | Brunswick |
| Hawaii | 9 | State of Hawaii | Honolulu |
| Idaho | 242 | County of Boundary | Eastport |
| Idaho | 280 | Southwest Idaho Manufacturers’ Alliance | Boise |
| Illinois | 22 | Illinois International Port District | Chicago |
| Illinois | 31 | America’s Central Port District | St. Louis |
| Illinois | 114 | Economic Development Council for Central Illinois | Peoria |
| Illinois | 133 | Quad-City Foreign-Trade Zone, Inc. | Davenport / Moline / Rock Island |
| Illinois | 146 | Bi-State Authority | Evansville |
| Illinois | 176 | Greater Rockford Airport Authority | Rockford |
| Illinois | 245 | Economic Development Corporation of Decatur & Macon County | Decatur |
| Illinois | 271 | Jo-Carroll Foreign Trade Zone Board | Davenport / Moline / Rock Island |
| Indiana | 72 | Indianapolis Airport Authority | Indianapolis |
| Indiana | 125 | St. Joseph County Airport Authority | Chicago |
| Indiana | 152 | Ports of Indiana | Chicago |
| Indiana | 170 | Ports of Indiana | Louisville |
| Indiana | 177 | Ports of Indiana | Evansville |
| Indiana | 182 | City of Fort Wayne | Fort Wayne |
| Iowa | 107 | The Iowa Foreign Trade Zone Corp. | Des Moines |
| Iowa | 133 | Quad-City Foreign-Trade Zone, Inc. | Davenport / Moline / Rock Island |
| Iowa | 175 | Cedar Rapids Airport Commission | Des Moines |
| Iowa | 288 | Northwest Iowa Development Corp. | Sioux Falls |
| Kansas | 17 | Greater Kansas City FTZ, Inc. | Kansas City |
| Kansas | 161 | Board of Commissioners of Sedgwick County | Wichita |
| Kentucky | 29 | Louisville & Jefferson County Riverport Authority | Louisville |
| Kentucky | 47 | Greater Cincinnati FTZ, Inc. | Cincinnati |
| Kentucky | 294 | Paducah-McCracken County Riverport Authority | Evansville |
| Louisiana | 2 | Board of Commissioners of the Port of New Orleans | New Orleans |
| Louisiana | 87 | Lake Charles Harbor & Terminal District | Lake Charles |
| Louisiana | 124 | Port of South Louisiana | Gramercy |
| Louisiana | 145 | Caddo-Bossier Parishes Port Commission | Shreveport |
| Louisiana | 154 | Greater Baton Rouge Port Commission | Baton Rouge |
| Louisiana | 261 | England Economic & Industrial Development District | Morgan City |
| Louisiana | 279 | Houma-Terrebonne Airport Commission | Morgan City |
| Louisiana | 291 | Cameron Parish Port, Harbor and Terminal District | Lake Charles |
| Louisiana | 300 | Plaquemines Port, Harbor & Terminal District | New Orleans |
| Maine | 58 | City of Bangor | Bangor |
| Maine | 179 | Madawaska Foreign Trade Zone Corp. | Madawaska |
| Maine | 186 | City of Waterville | Belfast |
| Maine | 263 | Lewiston-Auburn Economic Growth Council | Portland |
| Maine | 282 | Midcoast Regional Redevelopment Authority | Portland |
| Maryland | 63 | Prince George’s County Government | Washington, DC |
| Maryland | 73 | Maryland Department of Transportation | Baltimore |
| Maryland | 74 | City of Baltimore | Baltimore |
| Maryland | 255 | Cascade Properties & Washington County Board of Commissioners | Baltimore |
| Massachusetts | 27 | Massachusetts Port Authority | Boston |
| Massachusetts | 28 | City of New Bedford | New Bedford |
| Massachusetts | 201 | City of Holyoke | Springfield |
| Michigan | 16 | Economic Development Corp. of Sault Ste. Marie | Sault Ste. Marie |
| Michigan | 43 | City of Battle Creek | Battle Creek |
| Michigan | 70 | Greater Detroit Foreign-Trade Zone, Inc. | Detroit |
| Michigan | 140 | City of Flint | Saginaw / Bay City / Flint |
| Michigan | 189 | KOM Foreign Trade Zone Authority | Grand Rapids |
| Michigan | 210 | Economic Development Alliance of St. Clair County | Port Huron |
| Michigan | 275 | Capital Region Airport Authority | Lansing |
| Minnesota | 51 | Duluth Seaway Port Authority | Duluth |
| Minnesota | 119 | Greater Metropolitan Area FTZ Commission | Minneapolis |
| Minnesota | 259 | Koochiching Economic Development Authority | International Falls |
| Mississippi | 92 | Mississippi Coast Foreign-Trade Zone, Inc. | Gulfport |
| Mississippi | 158 | Greater Mississippi Foreign-Trade Zone, Inc. | Jackson |
| Mississippi | 262 | Northern Mississippi FTZ, Inc. | Memphis |
| Mississippi | 287 | Tunica County | Memphis |
| Missouri | 15 | Greater Kansas City FTZ, Inc. | Kansas City |
| Missouri | 102 | St. Louis County Port Authority | St. Louis |
| Missouri | 225 | City of Springfield Airport Board | Springfield |
| Montana | 88 | Great Falls International Airport Authority | Great Falls |
| Montana | 187 | Northern Express Transportation, Inc. | Sweetgrass |
| Montana | 274 | City and County of Butte-Silver Bow | Butte-Silver Bow |
| Nebraska | 19 | Greater Omaha Chamber of Commerce | Omaha |
| Nebraska | 59 | Lincoln Chamber of Commerce | Omaha |
| Nevada | 89 | Las Vegas Global Economic Alliance | Las Vegas |
| Nevada | 126 | Economic Development Authority of Western Nevada | Reno |
| New Hampshire | 81 | Pease Development Authority | Portsmouth |
| New Jersey | 44 | State of New Jersey | New York / Newark |
| New Jersey | 49 | Port Authority of New York and New Jersey | New York / Newark |
| New Jersey | 142 | South Jersey Port Corporation | Salem, New Jersey/Philadelphia |
| New Jersey | 200 | County of Mercer | Philadelphia |
| New Jersey | 235 | Township of Lakewood | Philadelphia |
| New Mexico | 110 | City of Albuquerque Aviation Department | Albuquerque |
| New Mexico | 197 | Board of County Commissioners of Dona Ana County | Santa Teresa |
| New York | 1 | City of New York | New York / Newark |
| New York | 23 | County of Erie | Buffalo |
| New York | 34 | Niagara County Industrial Development Agency | Buffalo |
| New York | 37 | County of Orange | New York / Newark |
| New York | 52 | Suffolk County | John F. Kennedy International Airport |
| New York | 54 | Clinton County Area Development Corp. | Champlain |
| New York | 90 | County of Onondaga | Syracuse |
| New York | 109 | Jefferson County Industrial Development Agency | Alexandria Bay |
| New York | 118 | Ogdensburg Bridge and Port Authority | Ogdensburg |
| New York | 121 | Capital District Regional Planning Commission | Albany |
| New York | 141 | County of Monroe | Rochester |
| New York | 172 | County of Oneida | Utica |
| New York | 284 | Genesee Gateway Local Development Corp. | Rochester |
| New York | 285 | Chenango County | Syracuse |
| New York | 289 | Ontario County | Rochester |
| New York | 290 | Cortland County | Syracuse |
| North Carolina | 57 | Charlotte Regional Partnership, Inc. | Charlotte |
| North Carolina | 93 | Triangle J Council of Governments | Raleigh / Durham |
| North Carolina | 214 | North Carolina Department of Transportation | Morehead City / Beaufort |
| North Carolina | 230 | Piedmont Triad Partnership | Winston-Salem |
| North Carolina | 301 | Land of Sky Regional Council | Greenville–Spartanburg |
| North Dakota | 103 | Grand Forks Region Economic Development Corp. | Pembina |
| North Dakota | 267 | Municipal Airport Authority of the City of Fargo | Fargo |
| Ohio | 8 | Toledo-Lucas County Port Authority | Toledo / Sandusky |
| Ohio | 40 | Cleveland Cuyahoga County Port Authority | Cleveland |
| Ohio | 46 | Greater Cincinnati FTZ, Inc. | Cincinnati |
| Ohio | 100 | Greater Dayton Foreign-Trade Zone, Inc. | Dayton |
| Ohio | 101 | AMES Material Services, Inc. | Dayton |
| Ohio | 138 | Columbus Regional Airport Authority | Columbus |
| Ohio | 151 | Findlay/Hancock County Chamber of Commerce | Toledo / Sandusky |
| Ohio | 181 | Northeast Ohio Trade & Economic Consortium | Cleveland |
| Ohio | 270 | Lawrence County Port Authority | Charleston |
| Oklahoma | 53 | City of Tulsa | Tulsa |
| Oklahoma | 106 | Port Authority of the Greater Oklahoma City Area | Oklahoma City |
| Oklahoma | 164 | Muskogee City-County Port Authority | Tulsa |
| Oklahoma | 227 | Rural Enterprises of Oklahoma, Inc. | Dallas / Fort Worth |
| Oregon | 45 | Port of Portland | Portland |
| Oregon | 132 | International Port of Coos Bay Commission | Coos Bay |
| Pennsylvania | 24 | Eastern Distribution Center, Inc. | Wilkes-Barre / Scranton |
| Pennsylvania | 33 | Regional Industrial Development Corporation of Southwestern Pennsylvania | Pittsburgh |
| Pennsylvania | 35 | Philadelphia Regional Port Authority | Philadelphia |
| Pennsylvania | 147 | Corp. of Southern Pennsylvania | Harrisburg |
| Pennsylvania | 247 | Erie-Western Pennsylvania Port Authority | Erie |
| Pennsylvania | 254 | North Central Pennsylvania Regional Planning and Development Commission | Pittsburgh |
| Pennsylvania | 272 | Lehigh Valley Economic Development Corp. | Lehigh Valley |
| Pennsylvania | 295 | Pennsylvania Foreign Trade Zone Corp. | Pittsburgh |
| Puerto Rico | 7 | Puerto Rico Industrial Development Corp. | Mayaguez |
| Puerto Rico | 61 | Puerto Rico Trade and Export Co. | San Juan |
| Puerto Rico | 163 | CODEZOL C.D. | Ponce |
| Rhode Island | 105 | Rhode Island Economic Development Corp. | Providence |
| South Carolina | 21 | South Carolina State Ports Authority | Charleston |
| South Carolina | 38 | South Carolina State Ports Authority | Greenville / Spartanburg |
| South Carolina | 127 | Richland-Lexington Airport District | Columbia |
| South Dakota | 220 | Sioux Falls Development Foundation | Sioux Falls |
| Tennessee | 77 | City of Memphis | Memphis |
| Tennessee | 78 | Metropolitan Government of Nashville and Davidson County | Nashville |
| Tennessee | 138 | Chattanooga Chamber Foundation | Chattanooga |
| Tennessee | 148 | Industrial Development Board of Blount County and the Cities of Alcoa and Maryville | Knoxville |
| Tennessee | 204 | Tri-Cities Airport Authority | Tri-Cities Airport |
| Tennessee | 223 | Memphis International Trade Development Corp. | Memphis |
| Tennessee | 78 | Metropolitan Government of Nashville & Davidson County | Shelbyville |
| Tennessee | 283 | Northwest Tennessee Regional Port Authority | Memphis |
| Texas | 12 | McAllen Foreign Trade Zone | McAllen / Hidalgo County |
| Texas | 36 | Board of Trustees of the Galveston Wharves | Houston |
| Texas | 39 | Dallas/Fort Worth International Airport Board | Dallas / Fort Worth |
| Texas | 62 | Brownsville Navigation District | Brownsville / Los Indios |
| Texas | 68 | City of El Paso | El Paso |
| Texas | 80 | City of San Antonio Economic Development Dept. | San Antonio |
| Texas | 84 | Port of Houston Authority | Houston |
| Texas | 94 | City of Laredo | Laredo |
| Texas | 95 | Starr County Industrial Foundation | Rio Grande City |
| Texas | 96 | City of Eagle Pass | Eagle Pass |
| Texas | 113 | Ellis County Trade Zone Corp. | Dallas / Fort Worth |
| Texas | 115 | Foreign-Trade Zone of Southeast Texas, Inc. | Port Arthur |
| Texas | 116 | Foreign-Trade Zone of Southeast Texas, Inc. | Port Arthur |
| Texas | 117 | Foreign-Trade Zone of Southeast Texas, Inc. | Port Arthur |
| Texas | 122 | Port of Corpus Christi Authority | Corpus Christi |
| Texas | 149 | Port Freeport | Freeport |
| Texas | 150 | Westport Economic Development Corp. | El Paso |
| Texas | 155 | Calhoun-Victoria Foreign-Trade Zone, Inc. | Port Lavaca / Port Comfort |
| Texas | 156 | City of Weslaco | Progreso |
| Texas | 165 | City of Midland | Midland |
| Texas | 168 | Metroplex International Trade | Dallas / Fort Worth |
| Texas | 171 | Liberty County Economic Development Corp. | Houston |
| Texas | 183 | Foreign Trade Zone of Central Texas, Inc. | Austin |
| Texas | 196 | Alliance Corridor, Inc. | Alliance Airport |
| Texas | 199 | Texas City Foreign-Trade Zone Corp. | Houston |
| Texas | 234 | Gregg County | Shreveport–Bossier City |
| Texas | 246 | City of Waco | Dallas / Fort Worth |
| Texas | 252 | City of Amarillo | Amarillo |
| Texas | 258 | TexAmericas Center | Shreveport–Bossier City |
| Texas | 260 | City of Lubbock | Lubbock |
| Texas | 265 | City of Conroe | Houston |
| Texas | 269 | Athens Economic Development Corp. | Dallas / Fort Worth |
| Texas | 297 | City of Lufkin | Port Arthur / Beaumont |
| Texas | 299 | Tyler Economic Development Council | Shreveport–Bossier City |
| Texas | 302 | City of Socorro | Tornillo |
| Utah | 30 | Salt Lake City Corp. | Salt Lake City |
| Vermont | 55 | Greater Burlington Industrial Corp. | Burlington International Airport |
| Vermont | 268 | Brattleboro Foreign-Trade Zone LLC | Springfield |
| Vermont | 286 | Northeastern Vermont Development Association | Derby Line |
| Virginia | 20 | Virginia Port Authority | Norfolk / Newport News |
| Virginia | 137 | Washington Dulles Foreign-Trade Zone | Washington Dulles International Airport |
| Virginia | 185 | County of Culpeper | Front Royal |
| Virginia | 207 | Capital Region Airport Commission | Richmond / Petersburg |
| Virginia | 238 | New River Valley Economic Development Alliance, Inc. | New River Valley Airport |
| Washington | 5 | Port of Seattle Commission | Puget Sound |
| Washington | 85 | Port of Everett | Puget Sound |
| Washington | 86 | Port of Tacoma | Puget Sound |
| Washington | 120 | Cowlitz Economic Development Council | Longview |
| Washington | 128 | Lummi Indian Business Council | Puget Sound |
| Washington | 129 | Port of Bellingham | Blaine |
| Washington | 173 | Port of Grays Harbor | Aberdeen |
| Washington | 203 | Moses Lake Public Corp. | Port of Moses Lake |
| Washington | 212 | Puyallup Tribal Foreign-Trade Zone Corp. | Puget Sound |
| Washington | 216 | Port of Olympia | Puget Sound |
| Washington | 224 | Spokane Airport Board | Spokane |
| Washington | 296 | Port of Vancouver USA | Portland |
| Washington | 303 | Port of Port Angeles | Port Angeles |
| West Virginia | 229 | West Virginia Economic Development Authority | Charleston |
| West Virginia | 240 | West Virginia Economic Development Authority | Front Royal |
| Wisconsin | 41 | Port of Milwaukee | Milwaukee |
| Wisconsin | 167 | Brown County | Green Bay |
| Wisconsin | 266 | Dane County | Milwaukee |
| Wyoming | 157 | Natrona County International Airport | Natrona County Airport |
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ "Foreign Trade Zones". Integrationpoint.com. Retrieved May 14, 2013.
- ^ Caves, R. W. (2004). Encyclopedia of the City. Routledge. p. 272.
- ^ "Foreign Trade Zone Board". Ia.ita.doc.gov. Archived from the original on February 23, 2011. Retrieved May 17, 2012.
- ^ "History". Foreign Trade Zone Resource Center. Foreign Trade Zone Corporation. Retrieved September 23, 2011.
- ^ "Zone Information". International Trade Administration. January 13, 2013. Retrieved July 8, 2025.
- ^ Tiefenbrun, Susan (2012), Tax Free Trade Zones Of The World And In The United States, Edward Elgar Publishing, ISBN 978-1-84980-243-7
- ^ "History". Foreign Trade Zone Resource Center. Foreign Trade Zone Corporation. Retrieved September 23, 2011.
- ^ "How FTZs Work with the Rest of the Company". Integrationpoint.com. Retrieved May 14, 2013.
- ^ "Operating a FTZ – What is the benefit to me?". Integrationpoint.com. Retrieved October 30, 2013.
- ^ "Inverted tariff – What it is, and how should it be used?". Integrationpoint.com. Retrieved May 14, 2013.
- ^ "Foreign Trade Zones". Integrationpoint.com. Retrieved May 14, 2013.
- ^ "Miller & Company P.C. – FTZ Overview". www.millerco.com. Retrieved April 11, 2016.
- ^ "The U.S. Foreign-Trade Zones Program – Information for CBP" (PDF). 2015.
- ^ "Explaining the US Drawback Process in 5 Simple Steps". Integrationpoint.com. Retrieved May 14, 2013.
- ^ "List of Foreign-Trade Zones by State". enforcement.trade.gov. Retrieved March 16, 2018.
Further reading
[edit]- Roger W. Caves, ed. (2005). "Foreign Trade Zones". Encyclopedia of the City. Routledge. p. 185. ISBN 978-0-415-25225-6. (About USA)
- Edward G. Hinkelman (2005). Dictionary of International Trade (6th ed.). California: World Trade Press. ISBN 978-1-885073-72-3.
External links
[edit]- US Foreign-trade Zones maintained by the US Department of Commerce, International Trade Administration
- List and map of U.S. Foreign Trade Zones
- Foreign-Trade Zones Board in the Federal Register
- Greater Indianapolis Foreign Trade Zone, Inc. – FTZ #72 – Indianapolis, IN