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FBQ 0951+2635

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FBQ 0951+2635
SDSS image of FBQ 0951+2635
Observation data (J2000.0 epoch)
ConstellationLeo
Right ascension09h 51m 22.56s
Declination+26° 35′ 14.05″
Redshift1.247570
Heliocentric radial velocity374,012 km/s
Distance8.383 Gly
Apparent magnitude (V)17.31
Apparent magnitude (B)17.66
Characteristics
TypeQSO
Other designations
FBQS J0951+2635, SDSS J095122.58+263513.9, 2MASSI J0951225+263513, KODIAQ J095122+263513, RX J0951.4+2635, 1RXS J095122.5+263511

FBQ 0951+2635 is a gravitationally lensed quasar[1] located in the Leo constellation. The redshift of the object is (z) 1.24,[2] first discovered by Paul Schechter and his colleagues in April 1998 who obtained the observations from MDM Observatory which was formerly jointly operated by both Dartmouth College, University of Michigan and Massachusetts Institute of Technology.[3]

Description

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FBQ 0951+2635 is classified as a double quasar with a B apparent magnitude of 16.9. When imaged by Schechter, the object is separated into two individual components (A and B), displaying a radio flux ratio of 4 to 1 and separated by 1.1 arcseconds from each other. Follow-up imaging using V and I-bands, have shown these two objects have the same color, with optical observations later discovering there is also a sole bright spot east from the A component and north from the B component.[3] The lensing galaxy of FBQ 0951+2635 is classified as an early-type edge-on spiral galaxy located at (z) 0.260, based on measurements of the lens position on a fundamental plane.[4][5][6] This lensing galaxy also displays a relatively low external sheer from a secondary lens deflector.[7]

The quasar produces pronounced time-delays. Based on R-band light curve measurements using data obtained via Nordic Optical Telescope between March 1999 and June 2001, a short time-delay estimate of 16 ± 2 days was found, although other time-delay estimates put this between the range of 14.2 ± 2.5 and 26.3 ± 7.2 days.[8][9][10] This is mainly attributed to the B component displaying a gradual rise, which in turn follows the rise in the A component. A decrease in flux was observed in the light curves during the last 100 days of observation.[9]

Both components in FBQ 0951+2635 display a long-time-scale fluctuation, given the flux ratio displays both a quasi-flat trend and a bump during the period of 2003-2004,[11] although the B component shows evidence of microlensing shifting both in time and in brightness levels, by -16 days and -1.06 magnitude.[12] The object also shows X-ray variability in addition to time-delays.[13]

Like all quasars, FBQ 0951+2635 is powered by a central supermassive black hole with a mass of 8.9 x 108 Mʘ. An observation of its continuum emission region at both wavelengths found the size is 16.24+0.33-0.36 in R-band and 17.04+0.26-0.30 in H-band with its assumed inclination angle of 60°. The slope of the accretion disk temperature profile is 0.50+0.50-0.18 which is shallower but consistent with a standard thin-disk theory.[6]

References

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  1. ^ Rathna Kumar, S.; Stalin, C. S.; Prabhu, T. P. (2015-07-23). "H0from ten well-measured time delay lenses" (PDF). Astronomy & Astrophysics. 580: A38. arXiv:1404.2920. Bibcode:2015A&A...580A..38R. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201423977. ISSN 0004-6361.
  2. ^ "NED search results for FBQ 0951+2635 (FBQS 0951+2635)". NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database. Retrieved 2025-07-05.
  3. ^ a b Schechter, Paul L.; Gregg, Michael D.; Becker, Robert H.; Helfand, David J.; White, Richard L. (April 1998). "The First FIRST Gravitationally Lensed Quasar: FBQ 0951+2635". The Astronomical Journal. 115 (4): 1371–1376. arXiv:astro-ph/9710120. Bibcode:1998AJ....115.1371S. doi:10.1086/300294. ISSN 0004-6256.
  4. ^ Sluse, D.; Chantry, V.; Magain, P.; Courbin, F.; Meylan, G. (February 2012). "COSMOGRAIL: the COSmological MOnitoring of GRAvItational Lenses. X. Modeling based on high-precision astrometry of a sample of 25 lensed quasars: consequences for ellipticity, shear, and astrometric anomalies". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 538: A99. arXiv:1112.0005. Bibcode:2012A&A...538A..99S. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201015844. ISSN 0004-6361.
  5. ^ Eigenbrod, A.; Courbin, F.; Meylan, G. (April 2007). "COSMOGRAIL: the COSmological MOnitoring of GRAvItational Lenses. VI. Redshift of the lensing galaxy in seven gravitationally lensed quasars". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 465 (1): 51–56. arXiv:astro-ph/0612419. Bibcode:2007A&A...465...51E. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20066939. ISSN 0004-6361.
  6. ^ a b Rivera, Angelica B.; Morgan, Christopher W.; Florence, Steven M.; Dahm, Scott E.; Vrba, Frederick J.; Tilleman, Trudy M.; Cornachione, Matthew A.; Falco, Emilio E. (2023-07-01). "Optical and Near-infrared Continuum Emission Region Size Measurements in the Lensed Quasar FBQ J0951+2635". The Astrophysical Journal. 952 (1): 54. Bibcode:2023ApJ...952...54R. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/acdb4f. ISSN 0004-637X.
  7. ^ Shalyapin, Vyacheslav N.; Goicoechea, Luis J.; Ruiz-Hinojosa, Eleana (2025-02-01). "FBQ 0951+2635: Time delay and structure of the main lensing galaxy". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 694: A31. arXiv:2412.09435. Bibcode:2025A&A...694A..31S. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202452234. ISSN 0004-6361.
  8. ^ Muñoz, J. A.; Mediavilla, E.; Kochanek, C. S.; Falco, E. E.; Mosquera, A. M. (2011-11-04). "A Study of Gravitational Lens Chromaticity with the Hubble Space Telescope". The Astrophysical Journal. 742 (2): 67. arXiv:1107.5932. Bibcode:2011ApJ...742...67M. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/742/2/67. ISSN 0004-637X. Archived from the original on 2023-11-29. Retrieved 2025-07-05.
  9. ^ a b Jakobsson, P.; Hjorth, J.; Burud, I.; Letawe, G.; Lidman, C.; Courbin, F. (February 2005). "An optical time delay for the double gravitational lens system FBQ 0951+2635". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 431: 103–109. arXiv:astro-ph/0409444. Bibcode:2005A&A...431..103J. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20041432. ISSN 0004-6361.
  10. ^ Eulaers, E.; Magain, P. (2011-12-01). "Time delays for eleven gravitationally lensed quasars revisited". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 536: A44. arXiv:1112.2609. Bibcode:2011A&A...536A..44E. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201016101. ISSN 0004-6361.
  11. ^ Shalyapin, V. N.; Goicoechea, L. J.; Koptelova, E.; Artamonov, B. P.; Sergeyev, A. V.; Zheleznyak, A. P.; Akhunov, T. A.; Burkhonov, O. A.; Nuritdinov, S. N.; Ullán, A. (2009-08-21). "Microlensing variability in FBQ 0951+2635: short-time-scale events or a long-time-scale fluctuation?". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 397 (4): 1982–1989. arXiv:0905.4484. Bibcode:2009MNRAS.397.1982S. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2009.15104.x. ISSN 0035-8711.
  12. ^ Paraficz, D.; Hjorth, J.; Burud, I.; Jakobsson, P.; Elíasdóttir, Á (2006-08-01). "Microlensing variability in time-delay quasars" (PDF). Astronomy & Astrophysics. 455 (1): L1 – L4. arXiv:astro-ph/0607133. Bibcode:2006A&A...455L...1P. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20065502. ISSN 0004-6361.
  13. ^ Dai, Xinyu; Kochanek, Christopher S. (February 2009). "Differential X-Ray Absorption and Dust-to-Gas Ratios of the Lens Galaxies SBS 0909+523, FBQS 0951+2635, and B 1152+199". The Astrophysical Journal. 692 (1): 677–683. arXiv:0803.1679. Bibcode:2009ApJ...692..677D. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/692/1/677. ISSN 0004-637X.
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