Draft:Proto-Dene-Yeniseian
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Last edited by CobsonWBAG (talk | contribs) 18 days ago. (Update) |
| Proto-Dene-Yeniseian | |
|---|---|
| PDY | |
| Reconstruction of | Dene-Yeniseian languages |
| Region | Most likely across Siberia and Alaska |
| Era | c. 10,000 – c. 8,000 BC |
| Lower-order reconstructions | |
Proto-Dene-Yeniseian is the hypothesized reconstructed common ancestor of the Dene-Yeniseian languages spoken throughout Siberia and North America. It was most likely spoken around ~10,000 BC to ~8,000 BC around Siberia and in western parts of Alaska.[citation needed] It was reconstructed in 2022 by Edward Vajda and Micheal Fortescue.[1]
Phonology
[edit]Proto-Dene-Yeniseian had a relatively medium amount of consonants most of which being labialized variations of so. Vowels are relatively simple like most languages at the time.[1]
Consonants
[edit]| Labial | Coronal | Velar | Laryngeal | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| palatal | plain | labial | uvular | glottal | ||||
| Nasal | *m | *n | *ŋ | *ŋʷ | ||||
| Stop | voiceless | *p | *t | *c | *k | *kʷ | *q | *(ʔ) |
| voiced | *b | *d | *ɟ | *g | *gʷ | *ɢ | ||
| Affricate | *ts, tɬ | *č [t͡ʃ], ǰ [d͡ʒ] | ||||||
| Fricative | *ɬ, š [ʃ] | *ç | *x | *xʷ | *χ | |||
| Semivowel | *j | *w | ||||||
Note: A glottal stop was likely found in Proto-Dene-Yeniseian but hasn't been found in any reconstructed words.
Vowels
[edit]| Vowels | Front | Central | Back |
|---|---|---|---|
| Close | i | u | |
| Mid | e | o | |
| Open | a |
References
[edit]- ^ a b Fortescue, Michael D.; Vajda, Edward J. (2022). Mid-holocene language connections between Asia and North America. Brill's studies in the indigenous languages of the Americas. Leiden Boston: Brill. ISBN 978-90-04-43682-4.