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Draft:Boults Green Farm

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Boults Green Farm
Boults Green Farm is located in Cheshire
Boults Green Farm
CountryUnited Kingdom
Coordinates53°08′10″N 2°20′46″W / 53.1362°N 2.346°W / 53.1362; -2.346
Established17th century


Boults Green Farm is one of three farms which, along with a vicarage and several private dwellings, make up the hamlet of Boults Green in the parish of Betchton in Cheshire. The Grade II listed, half-timbered farmhouse and the Grade II listed, half-timbered barn date from the mid-sixteenth century.

The Hamlet of Boults Green

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The hamlet is a small, loosely defined area of land, lying east of the A533, on either side of Colley Lane (part of which is now called Vicarage Lane) from the Dubthorn crossroads, to the point where the lane, on its route to Sandbach and Malkins Bank, crosses the Drumber stream, a tributary of the River Wheelock. To the west the area is bordered by this small river, and to the south-east it is now bordered by the M6 Motorway. Boults Green consists of three farms; Cross Farm, Vicarage Farm, formerly called Stanway House, which is said by Massey to have been built on the actual Boults Green, [1] and Boults Green Farm, referred to in the past as Boults Green House. There is also the Vicarage and a handful of dwellings. The whole extends in total to less than three hundred acres. There has been an average population of 35 recorded on the ten census returns since 1841. The population was at its highest in 1891 when the hamlet had fifty-four inhabitants. [2] The vicarage, called Tall Chimneys, built in 1848, is now divided into several apartments. The farmland of these three farms is latterly used mainly for equestrian, or let to farmers from outside the hamlet.

The History of Boults Green Farm

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In an agreement of the 30th April 1647, Thomas Moulson of London [3] conveyed to his uncle, William Leversage, the elder, of Wheelock, Esq. a farm called Bolts Farm in Betchton.[4]

On the first fly-leaf of Vol II of the Sandbach church register of baptisms, marriages and burials 1699 - 1764 there is a memorandum, being a note of the sermons still to be preached in the parish Church of Sandbach which includes the following April 26th. Parrott's Sermon, paid from Bolt's Green. Minister £2 0. Clerk l0s. In 1886 Earwaker saw a framed copy of this paper hanging in the church vestry. [5]

Boults Green Farm House

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Thought to have been built in the mid sixteenth century, the Grade II listed, [6] cruck- framed, [7] half-timbered house forms a ‘T’ shape, with its jettied wing facing north-westerly. The five ground floor rooms and five first floor bedrooms are served by a winding oak stairway extending from a small cellar to the attics above. Formerly of oak with leaded panes, the original windows are lost, replaced by modern casements. The original wattle and daub [8] between the timbers has been replaced by brick infill, and where little or no timber remains it is replicated on the brickwork in black paint. The roof is of blue-black tile, although probably originally of stone flags. The fitting of barge boards may have been a later addition. Brick-built chimneys provided flues for open fires in all rooms on both floors, and to the cellar. To the road frontage is a wall in matching brick through which stone steps lead to a gateway with brick and stone pillars. Once topped by round stone balls, the gate pillars are grade II listed.[9] The higher part of this wall formed the rear wall of two pig sties, brick built with flagstone roof. In the late nineteenth or early twentieth century a brick extension was added to the rear to provide two extra rooms on each floor and a further flight of stairs. A small brick porch was added to the front. At a similar period a brick and tile dairy with wash house was built. This building, along with the house, the pig sty and the end of the half-timbered barn enclose a small yard with a well where a hand pump formerly stood to provide water for the house and dairy.

Boults Green Farm Buildings

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A Grade II listed, two-storey, half-timbered barn [10] of the same era and style as the house is set at an angle to Colley Lane. Again, most of the wattle and daub has been replaced by brick infill. Differences in the design of sections of the infill suggest these were done at different times. The barn provided two cart sheds with double doors, a meal house, a shippon (byre) for six and a loose box. Pitching holes to front and rear gave access for storage on the upper floor. At the northern end a set of stone steps to provide access to a grain store, and, below the steps, a dog kennel. The roof is of tile to the front (the north east), and of large random stone flags to the rear (the south west). Either as a result of ground settlement, or of the rotting of the lower timbers, the building has tilted, leaving the roof angle far steeper at the front than the rear. This may explain the removal of the original stone roofing flags from the front. In the nineteenth or early twentieth century a brick and tile extension was added to the southern end with shippon and store at ground level and loft above. At the rear, with access to the meal-house, a single-storey engine house of brick and slate was added to house a petrol engine and electric motor to power a vacuum milking machine [11] and lineshaft. The lineshaft powered a grain grinder, a straw chopper and a root pulper. Vacuum pipes were installed to the shippons. There were indications of a horse gin-circle [12] existing here before the engine house was built. A later addition, set against the wall of the steps, was a small lean-to store built of brick and roofed with tile. A Galvanised iron lean-to shed for implement storage was erected against the rear wall of the half-timbered barn. Now removed. Again in the nineteenth or early twentieth century, a brick and tile-roofed building was erected at right angle to Colley Lane. This new building provided a bull pen, a stable for three horses and shippons with stalls for thirty-six milking cows. Part is single storey, part with storage loft above with round pitching holes. This may have replaced an earlier building on this site. Together with the existing half-timbered barn, pig sty and wall, the new building enclosed the triangular farmyard, part of which retains the cobbled surface, possibly as old as the original barn. At a later date a four-bay Cheshire barn was erected with brick uprights and tiled roof, providing a grain store and storage for hay and straw. Alongside a galvanised iron roofed Dutch barn. To the west of the house, in the field called the Kiln Yard, stood a two-storey building of brick and tile, the tile roof later replaced by galvanised iron. The style and bricks matched none in the other buildings. It does not appear on the 1841 tithe map [13] and was removed in the 1980s. The design, with a wide open-bottomed chimney, suggests possible uses as an oast house, or as a forge rather than domestic or agricultural. Alongside was a timber building housing laying hens in cages built in the early 1960s, and a potato store built of curved, corrugated asbestos sheets. Both have subsequently been removed. In 1955, two coke-fired glasshouses were erected to the south of the house, now removed, and a number of poultry houses stood in the two orchards housing free range laying hens.

1955 saw the beginning of the last chapter of Boults Green farm as a working family-farm. At that time, the farm buildings could house a milking herd of up to forty-two cows, three working horses, a number of young cattle and poultry, and stys for two sows with their litters. There was storage space sufficient for the hay, straw and grain the farm produced without need of outside ricks. Tractors and farm implements could be stored under cover.

The Farmland, Geology and Soil

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The farmland, lying to the south of the house, straddling Stannerhouse Lane, and to the west of Colley Lane, is recorded over time as being between 100 and 120 acres. Throughout Cheshire are found glacial deposits. The passage of streams and rivers has cut through these deposits in the post-glacial period, and there is an accumulation of alluvium. The farm lies in the Cheshire Brine Subsidence District. [14] Salt and brine are found beneath much of the county, the first borings at Malkins Bank, Betchton being made in 1692. [15] The farm is included in the Nitrate Vulneral Zone designated in 2002. [16] Like much of the Cheshire Plain, the soil of Boults Green is classified as grade 3, good to moderate. [17] The soil is a light, friable loam over a mainly sand subsoil with occasional pockets of boulder clay. Fox bench [18] is found and occasional small deposits of iron pyrites (FeS2) or fool’s gold. The soil is slightly acid, free draining, but liable to capping, and to the development of ploughing pan if worked while wet. It is suitable for grassland and the growing of most arable crops. The two watercourses, surface ditches, ponds and the outlets from field drains provided drinking water for stock in many fields. The result of small scale sand extraction and, possibly as a result of brine subsidence, the farm has several sand-holes, dry hollows and sunken features. Those ponds holding water were clay lined. In 1962, five ponds and hollows were filled with spoil from the building of the M6 motorway. Over the years, others have become clogged with sand carried down by drains. Boults Green’s light soil and sand holes provide an ideal habitat for rabbits. Until the early 1950s, when they were virtually wiped out by myxomatosis, [19] rabbits presented a serious problem, eating grass, cereals and vegetable crops. Their warrens, undermining open ground, were a danger to grazing and draught animals, and a hazard to vehicles.

In 1955, three-quarters of Boults Green Farm was permanent pasture, in some of which remained ridge and furrow features.[20] These are known in Cheshire dialect as but and reean, or cop and reean.[21] Crop rotation had been practised on the remainder of the land. After 1955 the area of arable was increased with the introduction of a range of root and vegetable crops, while the milking herd was reduced to thirty-six. The ridge and furrows were ploughed out.

Identification: Farm and Road Names

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The A533. This road bordering the farm follows the route of the Spann Smithy to Talk Turnpike Road, built about 1788 and improved in 1802. [22]

Boults Green Farm, also known as Bolts Green Farm or Boults Green House. Various suggestions are made as to the etymology and origin of the name of the hamlet. The most likely is that a person named Boult, Bolt or Butt owned or lived here in the unrecorded past. The surname Boult is thought to have originated in Auvergne in France. Boult may have been a local surname since a Sarah Boult, nee Berrington, is recorded as having died 19 May 1761 at Creswallshaw in Betchton parish. [23] Or, Bolt may come from the Anglo-Saxon word, bold, meaning a small farm. [24] Or, it may be connected with bolt, being another name for an arrow, perhaps arrows having been made here, or archery practised here.[25] Also, butt, as in the place where archery is practised. The Middle English word “butt” referred to an abutting strip of land, and is often associated with mediaeval field systems. [26] In Cheshire “Green” in rural place names often referred to a level farmed area, as opposed to forest, woodland, heath, moss or river meadow.

Colley Lane. Of uncertain origin, a person named Colley may have lived here. Colley or Colly can mean dark, black, or to blacken. This narrow lane that twists down to the Drumber Brook was, perhaps, once through dense woodland with a muddy crossing of the Drumber, giving rise to the name of the lane.

The Drumber Brook. Rising on Betchton Heath (Now Sandbach Heath), this small stream which skirts two fields, joins the River Wheelock. The name probably comes from drumble, a wooded ravine. [27] In 1750 Drumber Farm, which stands beside the stream, was called Drumble Farm. [28]

Stannerhouse Lane. Running from the A533 to Malkinsbank, there are no buildings on the lane and no trace of a Stanner or Stannier House has been found. No record of a Stanner or Stannier family has been found. However, Vicarage Farm was previously called Stanway House [29] and a pathway runs through its land down to the lane and a bridge over the River Wheelock. No explanation is readily available as to why Stanway House was so called. Stannum is Latin for tin (Sn), [30] and it is interesting that two of Boults Green Farm fields alongside the lane were named Tin Field and Tin Meadow. Also, that the field where the lane meets the A533 was called Smithy Field. This could indicate a tinsmith operating here, possibly serving the needs of the salt industry in Malkins Bank and Sandbach. Stanwaie House and Stanwaie House Bridge are mentioned in the Sandbach Register and in the Betchton Court Rolls of 1681. [31] The bridge, but not necessarily the house, must have been on the lane, perhaps then known as Stanners House Lane.

The Vicarage. In the 1800s, the architect, George Gilbert Scott [32] designed the new vicarage, now called Tall Chimneys. Following the construction, the section of Colley Lane from Dubthorn Crossroads to the vicarage entrance became known as Vicarage Lane.

Field Names:

Barn Croft. Close to the barn. Croft refers to an enclosed field.

Big Field. This was not the largest field on the farm. There are no traces to suggest a medieval field system or of strip farming at Boults Green, unless Big Field was part of a much larger field once farmed in strips.

Chip Croft. Probably the name represented the long thin shape of this field. Later it became part of Barn Croft.

Garden. Later referred to as The Orchard, this small field is enclosed by hedges in which mature apple, damson, plum and pear trees grew.

Gorsty Bank. South facing, the steep valley side to the River Wheelock still grows a thick covering of Gorse. In 1962 spoil from the M6 Motorway was deposited on the south side of Steen Field and onto Gorsty Bank.

Gorsty Croft. No gorse has grown on this area in living memory. At some point after 1841, boundaries were moved and new hedges were planted with this long thin field being incorporated into adjoining fields. An oak tree, the last remnant of the original boundary, was felled in the early 1960s.

Kiln Yard. Although no remains of a kiln have been found, it was common practice for bricks to be produced on site for building projects. Often, lime kilns were built to facilitate limestone being heated to produce lime for building or for application to the land. [33] Containing numbers of mature fruit trees, Kiln Yard was later called Big Orchard.

Paddocks Field and Paddocks Meadow. Presumably Paddock was a previous owner or occupier. Paddocks Field slopes gently and is easily tilled, while Paddocks Meadow slopes more steeply, making it better suited to grazing.

Pear Tree Field. Having no pear trees in living memory, the name probably comes from closeness to Pear Tree Farm to the south east where an orchard of twenty or more mature King Pear trees grew until felled in the 1960’s.

Peas Field. Pea, bean and clover crops were grown as cattle feed. As these crops fix nitrogen from the atmosphere, they provide a valuable fertiliser.

Smithy Field. Some brick foundation beside the junction of Stannerhouse Lane and the A533 suggest a building once stood here. The foundations and a small, tree-lined pond were covered over in 1962 when the road was realigned as part of the building of the M6 Motorway. (See Stannerhouse Lane) in about 1930, a previous owner of Boults Green Farm, Herbert Thorley, built a new house called The Grove on the northern corner of the field.

Steen Field. Steen can mean stone, but the soil here is light loam and no marker stones are evident. A misspelling of stean, may have indicated a brick-lined stean or well to provide water for animals.

Tin Field. - See Stannerhouse Lane.

Tin Meadow. - See Stannerhouse Lane.

Recorded Occupants of Boults Green Farm.

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1592 William Leversage was born at Boults Green House [1]

1602 Probably owned by Hugh Furnival [1]

1647 William Leversage inherited Boults Green Farm. [1]

1668 - 1682 Frances Tudman who inherited from her father, Thomas Tudman (vicar of Sandbach from 1630) died at Boults Green Farm. [1]

-- 1731 John Furnival was owner occupier till 1731. [1]

1731 Boults Green Farm was bought by William Tremlow and occupied by his son . [1] [15]

1743 William Tremlow’s widow and their son were owner occupiers. [15]

1750 - 1778 William Tremlow, younger brother of John Twemlow and his wife, Hannah, are recorded as occupying Bolt’s Green House as tenant of his father, George Twemlow of The Hill, Sandbach. (Only Boults Green Farm would have been called Bolt’s Green House.) [15]

1780 - Joseph Twemlow, son of William Twemlow. [15]

1788-1809 John Holland born, 25 February 1741, son of Jonathon Holland of Knutsford, and Martha, niece to Joseph Twemlow, lived at Bolt’s Green. [15]

1809 - 1818 Frances Dorothy Furnival owned and lived at Boults Green Farm, dying there at age 90. [1]

1818 - 1906 Purchased by Mr A Hinkley. [1]

1906 - 1920 Owned by R A Hinkley. [1]

1920 - Herbert Thorley. [1]

During the 98 years for which public census records exist, there have been four families living and farming at Boults Green Farm.

1841 The tithe map of that year [34] identifies the owner as Dr Frances Furnival and the occupier as James Barratt.

Census 1841 records James and Hannah Barratt, farmers, occupying Boults Green Farm with their seven daughters and one son. They employed three agricultural labourers. [35]

Census 1851 James and Hannah Barratt, farmers occupying the 120 acre farm, here called Bolts Green Farm. Four daughters and one son along with two agricultural labourers, all living in. [36] (Next door are the two Summerfield Cottages, later demolished and replaced by four cottages called Boults Green Cottages.)

Census 1861 Hannah Barratt, now a widow, farming the 106 acres. In the house are five members of the Barratt family and 2 live-in servants. [37]

Census 1871 James Henshall Barratt, aged 26, and wife Emma, 32, farming the 120 acres of Bolts Green Farm with two farm labourers. [38]

Census 1881 James and Emma Barratt farm 124 acres with four labourers. They have four daughters and one son. [39]

Census 1891 James and Emma Barratt occupying Boults Green Farm. There are seven Barratts and one servant living in the house. [40]

Census 1901 James and Emma Barratt occupying Boults Green. They have four daughters and one son living at home - all unmarried. [41]

Census 1911 James Henshall Barrett, age 66, and wife, Emma, with three daughters and 3 servants occupying Boults Green Farm. [42]

Census 1921 Herbert Thorley, age 35, a farmer’s son from Kent Green, Scholar Green, and his wife, Lucy Irene, are recorded as occupiers. There are no children. Although it is not noted on the census, they own the property. [43]

England & Wales Register 1939 George Edward Snelson, age 41, a farmer’s son from Lea Forge Farm, Blackenhall, Nantwich and his wife Edith Ellen Snelson are occupiers of Boults Green Farm, a mixed dairy farm. There are five members of the Snelson family and two live-in servants. Although not noted on the census, Herbert and Lucy Irene Thorley had retained ownership. [44] They had built a house, The Grove, on the A533, taking land from Smithy field.

May 1955 George Edward Snelson retired and Boults Green Farm was sold by the then owner, Herbert Thorley’s widow, Lucy Irene Thorley, who had herself died in February of that year. It was bought by Thomas and Gladys Sharp [45] who had previously farmed at Townsend Farm, Betchton and at Gorsty Hill Farm, Balterley, Cheshire. Thereafter it was farmed as a mixed dairy farm and market garden, later with a farm shop. Further land was purchased in Betchton in the 1960’s, partly to replace land lost when the M6 Motorway was built through part of the farm. In 1991 the 43 acres of land between Stannerhouse Lane and the M6 Motorway was sold to Motorchef Ltd, and replaced by land bought outside of Boults Green. Thomas Sharp died in 1989. [46] In 1997, on the death of Thomas’s widow, Gladys Sharp, [47] the remaining property was divided up and the farmstead sold. The house and half-timbered barn now form a private dwelling. It has since been resold. [48] The brick shippon-block and the Cheshire Barn have each been turned into dwellings. Most of the land that traditionally made up Boults Green Farm is now rented to other farmers.

Boults Green Farm and The Betchton Royalty

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The Betchton Royalty, or The Freeholders of the Manor of Betchton, is an entity which came into being in 1602 when Thomas Egerton, and his son John, sold part of the Manor of Betchton to the Betchton freeholders, John Wheelock, Richard Shaw, William Shaw and Hugh Furnival. Hugh Furnival was likely the owner of Boults Green Farm at that time. The land, over which they had common right to graze and to cut turf on Sandbach Heath was later enclosed, roads made and two farmsteads built. [1] [49] From the Betchton Royalty, the owners of Boults Green Farm recieve a part share of the rents from these two farms and some other land in the parish. They also pay to the Royalty a small rent for a sand hole adjoining Stannerhouse Meadow. The benefit from The Betchton Royalty accruing to what was once one farm called Boults Green Farm is now divided between the several owners

References

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  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l Massey Cyril (1958) History of Sandbach and District Johnsons of Nantwich pages 18, 19 & 20
  2. ^ Census of 1891 James Barratt (1891) Census Return for Boults Green, Betchton, Cheshire. Public Records Office: RG12/2847, District 9, Image 10 (1891) Available online at http://www.ancestry.co.uk
  3. ^ Sanders, Francis, Irvine, William Ferguson, and Brownbill, J. (1800- )The Cheshire sheaf : being local gleanings, historical & antiquarian, relating to Cheshire, Chester & North Wales, from many scattered fields Chester Courant Office Chester, England Page 41 Available online at https://www.Cheshirearchives.org.uk>Publication
  4. ^ Earwaker, John Parsons (1890) From the History of the Ancient Parish of Sandbach Co Chester Including the two chapelries of Holmes chapel and Goostry. From Original Records Publication date 1890 London Redhill, Printed by the Hansard publishing union for private circulation Page104 Available online at https://archive.org/details/historyofancient00earw/page/146/mode/2up
  5. ^ Earwaker, John Parsons (1890) From the History of the Ancient Parish of Sandbach Co Chester Including the two chapelries of Holmes chapel and Goostry. From Original Records Publication date 1890 London Redhill, Printed by the Hansard publishing union for private circulation Page 64 Available online at https://archive.org/details/historyofancient00earw/page/146/mode/2up
  6. ^ Historic England. Listed Building Entry Number 1330046 Listed 26 March 1987. Cheshire East Grid Ref SJ7693859898
  7. ^ "Cruck frame construction". timberconstruction.
  8. ^ Medieval Chronicles/Medieval Architecture/Wattle and Daub. Available online at https://www.medievalchronicles.com/medieval-architecture/wattle-and-daub
  9. ^ Historic England. Listed Building Entry Number 1309971 Listed 26 March 1987. Cheshire East Grid Ref SJ7693859898
  10. ^ Historic England. Listed Building Entry Number 1138759 Listed 26 March 1987. Cheshire East Grid Ref SJ7693859898
  11. ^ The History of Automated Milking Systems (AMS) - Timeline https://www.roboticsbiz.com>history-of-automatic-milking-systems
  12. ^ National Trust Heritage Records on Line Horse-gin circle adjacent to the threshing barn, Coniston Hall Farm. Record ID: 22959/MNA121428 Monument World Heritage Site National Trust property: Coniston Parish: North Coniston, South Lakeland Grid Ref SD30419624
  13. ^ Cheshire Archives and Local Studies Cheshire Tithe Maps Online Grid Ref SJ771599 Map Ref EDT 44/2 Township Betchton Map Date 1841 Available at Cheshire Tithe Maps Online
  14. ^ Cheshire Brine Subsidence and Compensation District and Consultation Areas Map Available online at www.cheshireonline.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/11/NL08134-001-002.pdf
  15. ^ a b c d e f Twemlow Frances Randle (1910) The Twemlows Their Wives and Houses From original Records Published by Whitehead Brothers Wolverhampton. Pages 14, 24 & 25
  16. ^ UK Soil Observatory Nitrate Vulnerable Zones Available online at www.ukso.org/static-maps/nitrate-vulnerable-zones-html
  17. ^ Agricultural Land Classification Map North West Region (ALC002) Publishers Natural England 24/8/2010 Available online at https://publications.naturalengland.org.uk/publication/144015
  18. ^ Leigh, Egerton (1877)  A Glossary of Words Used in the Dialect of Cheshire Wilbraham, Roger, F. R. S. 1817 Attempt at a glossary of some words used in Cheshire Hamilton & Adams, and Co.; Chester, Minshull and Hughes
  19. ^ Bartrip, P.W.J. (13 July 2007). "Myxomatosis in 1950s Britain". Twentieth Century British History. 19 (1): 83–105. doi:10.1093/tcbh/hwm016. PMID 19069081.
  20. ^ Levick, Paula. "Ridge and Furrow". Archaeology of East Oxford. Archived from the original on 19 February 2014. https://www.archeox.net/fact-sheets/ridge-and-furrow Retrieved 19 April 2025
  21. ^ Leigh, Egerton (1877) A Glossary of Words Used in the Dialect of Cheshire Founded on a similar attempt by Roger Wilbraham 1817 Publisher London, Hamilton & Adams, and Co. Chester: Minshull and Hughes Pages 35, 48 160 & 167.
  22. ^ Spann Smithy and Talk Turnpike Available online at www.legislation.gov.uk/ukla/Geo3/43/1/contents/enacted Accessed 18 April 2025
  23. ^ Earwaker, John Parsons (1890) From the History of the Ancient Parish of Sandbach Co Chester Including the two chapelries of Holmes chapel and Goostry. From Original Records London Redhill, Printed by the Hansard publishing union for private circulation.Page 153
  24. ^ www.houseofnames.com/uk/boult-family-crest
  25. ^ https://surnamedb/Surname/Boult
  26. ^ 27.Yorkshire Historical Dictionery https://yorkshiredictionery.york.ac.uk/words/butt Accessed 19 April 2025
  27. ^ 28.Survey of English Place Names. Available online at https://epns.nottingham.ac.uk Accessed 19 April 2025
  28. ^ 29.Twemlow Frances Randle (1910)The Twemlows Their Wives and Houses From original Records Whitehiad Brothers Wolverhampton. Pages 24 & 25
  29. ^ 6. Massey Cyril (1958) History of Sandbach and District Johnsons of Nantwich pages 18, 19 & 20
  30. ^ Chemistry Learner.Available online at https://www.chemicallearner.com/tin.html
  31. ^ .Frances Randle Twemlow (1910) The Twemlows Their Wives and Houses From original Records Published by Whitehiad Brothers Wolverhampton. Page 14
  32. ^ .George Gilbert Scott.Org The Scott Dynasty Available online at https://gilbertscott.org/family/sir-george-gilbert-scott Accessed 19 April 2025
  33. ^ Historic England Pre-Industrial Lime Kilns Available online at https://historicengland.org.uk Accessed 19 April 2025
  34. ^ Cheshire Archives and Local Studies Cheshire Tithe Maps Online Grid Ref SJ771599 Map Ref EDT 44/2 Township Betchton Map Date 1841 Available at Cheshire Tithe Maps Online
  35. ^ .National Archives 1841 Cheshire Sandbach district 16 image 3 & 4
  36. ^ National Archives 1851 Cheshire Betchton All district 6b image 2 & 3
  37. ^ .National Archives 1861 Cheshire Betchton All district 8 image 7
  38. ^ National Archives 1871 Cheshire Betchton All district 8 image 2
  39. ^ National Archives 1881 Cheshire Betchton All district 8 image 5
  40. ^ Census of 1891 James Barratt (1891) Census Return for Boults Green, Betchton, Cheshire. Public Records Office: RG12/2847, District 9, Image 10 (1891) Available online at http://www.ancestry.co.uk Accessed 17 April 2025
  41. ^ National Archives 1901 Cheshire Betchton All district 8 image 2
  42. ^ National Archives 1911 Cheshire Betchton All district 8 image 106
  43. ^ 43.National Archives 1921 Cheshire Congleton sub district 03 09, enumeration district 10 image 541
  44. ^ England and Wales register 1939 Cheshire Congleton Road Lgfg image 3
  45. ^ Massey Cyril (1958) History of Sandbach and District Johnsons of Nantwich pages 18, 19 & 20
  46. ^ The Chronicle, Crewe, Cheshire, Enland. Wed 2/8/1989 Page 18 Obituary
  47. ^ The Chronicle, Nantwich, Cheshire, England. Wed 19/2/1997 Page 35 Obituary
  48. ^ https://buttersjohnbee.com/listings/residential_sales-BJB09071217-sandbach
  49. ^ Ormerod, George (1819) The history of the county palatine and city of Chester: compiled from original evidences in public offices, the Harleian and Cottonian mss., parochial registers, private muniments, unpublished ms. collections of successive Cheshire antiquaries, and a personal survey of every township in the county; incorporated with a republication of King's Vale royal, and Leycester's Cheshire antiquities.  Publisher London, Printed for Lackington, Hughes. Harding, Mavor, and Jones Page 160
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