Crenuchidae
| Crenuchidae | |
|---|---|
| |
| Characidium fasciatum | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Actinopterygii |
| Order: | Characiformes |
| Suborder: | Characoidei |
| Superfamily: | Crenuchoidea |
| Family: | Crenuchidae Günther, 1864 |
The Crenuchidae, or crenuchids[1], are a family of freshwater fish of the order Characiformes.[2] The 11 genera include about 115 species,[3] though several species are undescribed.[2] These fish are relatively small (usually under 10 cm (4 in) in standard length) and originate from eastern Panama and South America.[2] Both subfamilies were previously included in the family Characidae, and were placed in a separate family by Buckup, 1998.[4] Buckup, 1993, revised all genera, except Characidium.[5]
They are the only members of the superfamily Crenuchoidea. They are the most basal members of the suborder Characoidei, and diverged during the Early Cretaceous, prior to the split between the African characins (Alestoidea) and the other South American characins (Erythrinoidea and Characoidea). This suggests that their divergence likely predates the breakup of Gondwana, when the divergence between those groups likely occurred.[6]
Members of the subfamily Characidiinae are known as South American darters due to their superficial resemblance to North American darters, but they are otherwise unrelated.[1][7]
Taxonomy
[edit]
The following taxonomy is based on Eschmeyer's Catalog of Fishes (2025):[1][8]
- Subfamily Crenuchinae Günther, 1864 (sailfin tetras)
- Crenuchus Günther, 1863
- Poecilocharax Eigenmann, 1909
- Subfamily Characidiinae Fowler, 1932 (South American darters)
- Ammocryptocharax Weitzman & Kanazawa, 1976
- Characidium Reinhardt, 1867
- Elachocharax Myers, 1927
- Klausewitzia Géry, 1965
- Leptocharacidium Buckup, 1993
- Melanocharacidium Buckup, 1993
- Microcharacidium Buckup, 1993
- Odontocharacidium Buckup, 1993
- Skiotocharax Presswell, Weitzman & Bergquist, 2000
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ a b c Fricke, R.; Eschmeyer, W. N.; Van der Laan, R. (2025). "ESCHMEYER'S CATALOG OF FISHES: CLASSIFICATION". California Academy of Sciences. Retrieved 2025-02-10.
- ^ a b c Nelson, Joseph, S. (2006). Fishes of the World. John Wiley & Sons, Inc. ISBN 0-471-25031-7.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ Fricke, R.; Eschmeyer, W. N.; Van der Laan, R. "ESCHMEYER'S CATALOG OF FISHES: GENERA, SPECIES, REFERENCES". ESCHMEYER'S CATALOG OF FISHES. Retrieved 20 March 2024.
- ^ Buckup, Paulo A. (1998). Relationships of the Characidiinae and the phylogeny of characiform fishes (Teleostei, Ostariophysi). p.123-144. In: Malabarba, L.R; Reis, R.E.; Lucena, Z.M.; Lucena, C.A. (eds.) Phylogeny and classification of neotropical fishes. 603p. Porto Alegre, EDIPUCRS.
- ^ Buckup, P.A. 1993. Review of the characidiin fishes (Teleostei: Characiformes), with descriptions of four new genera and ten new species. Ichthyological Exploration of Freshwaters 4(2):97-154.
- ^ Melo, Bruno F; Sidlauskas, Brian L; Near, Thomas J; Roxo, Fabio F; Ghezelayagh, Ava; Ochoa, Luz E; Stiassny, Melanie L J; Arroyave, Jairo; Chang, Jonathan; Faircloth, Brant C; MacGuigan, Daniel J; Harrington, Richard C; Benine, Ricardo C; Burns, Michael D; Hoekzema, Kendra (2022-01-01). "Accelerated Diversification Explains the Exceptional Species Richness of Tropical Characoid Fishes". Systematic Biology. 71 (1): 78–92. doi:10.1093/sysbio/syab040. ISSN 1063-5157. PMC 9034337. PMID 34097063.
- ^ "Family CRENUCHIDAE Günther 1864 (South American Darters and Sailfin Tetras)". The ETYFish Project. 2023-08-28. Retrieved 2025-05-17.
- ^ Eschmeyer, William N.; Fricke, Ron & van der Laan, Richard (eds.). "Genera in the family Crenuchidae". Catalog of Fishes. California Academy of Sciences. Retrieved 17 May 2025.
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