Circassian raids (1810–1840)
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| Circassian raids | |
|---|---|
| Part of Caucasian War | |
 | |
| Location | Kuban |
Attack type | Raids, mass murder, rape, looting, mass executions |
| Deaths | 1,500,000 Russians and Cossacks died during the raids |
| Victims | Cossacks, Russians |
| Perpetrators | Circassians, rebellious North Caucasians |
| Motive | Reprisals, revenge |
The Cossack massacres also known as the Circassian raids were a series of raids on the Cossack territories in the North Caucasus by the Circassian principalities[1][2][3] under the leadership of the Circassian Tughuzhuqo Kizbech[4] when they would regularly raid the Cossacks and Russians. The raids were against the Cossacks of the Northern Caucasus and Russians specifically near the Kuban region.[5]
Aftermath
[edit]After the massacres and constant raids the Cossacks and Russians occasionally attack Circassian villages as reprisals, however this would be to little help as the raids did not stop until the death of Kizbech.[6]
References
[edit]- ^ "Тыгъужъыкъуэ Къызбэч (Тугужуко Казбич)". adygaabaza.ru. Retrieved 2025-06-16.
- ^ "Книга: Казаки. Донцы, уральцы, кубанцы, терцы. Очерки из истории стародавнего казацкого быта - Константин Абаза. Купить книгу, читать рецензии | Лабиринт". www.labirint.ru (in Russian). Retrieved 2025-06-16.
- ^ "De re Militari: muertos en Guerras, Dictaduras y Genocidios". remilitari.com. Retrieved 2025-06-16.
- ^ "Milletin Özgürlüğü İçin Canla Başla Mücadele Ettiler!". cherkessia.net. 29 Mayıs 2021 Cumartesi Saat 00:38. Retrieved 2025-06-16.
{{cite web}}: Check date values in:|date=(help) - ^ "ПИСЬМО 27". www.vostlit.info. Retrieved 2025-06-16.
- ^ Neumann, Karl Friedrich (1840). Russland und die Tscherkessen (in German). J.G. Cotta.