Blatten (Lötschen)
Blatten | |
|---|---|
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 Flag  Coat of arms | |
Location of Blatten  | |
  Blatten  Blatten | |
| Coordinates: 46°25′N 7°49′E / 46.417°N 7.817°E | |
| Country | Switzerland |
| Canton | Valais |
| District | Westlich Raron |
| Government | |
| • Mayor | Matthias Bellwald[1] |
| Area | |
• Total | 90.63 km2 (34.99 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 1,542 m (5,059 ft) |
| Population (31 December 2018)[3] | |
• Total | 290 |
| • Density | 3.2/km2 (8.3/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+01:00 (Central European Time) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC+02:00 (Central European Summer Time) |
| Postal code(s) | 3919 |
| SFOS number | 6192 |
| ISO 3166 code | CH-VS |
| Surrounded by | Baltschieder, Fieschertal, Kandersteg (BE), Lauterbrunnen (BE), Naters, Raron, Wiler (Lötschen) |
| Website | blatten-vs SFSO statistics |
Blatten is a village and municipality in the Lötschental in the canton of Valais, Switzerland which was almost entirely destroyed by a cataclysmic landslide on 28 May 2025.[4][5] It is part of the district of Westlich Raron, and much of its area lies within the Jungfrau-Aletsch protected area, a World Heritage Site. In addition to the main village of Blatten, the municipality includes the settlements of Eisten, Fafleralp, Ried and Weissenried.[6]
The Belalp ski resort and village of Blatten bei Naters lie some 15 kilometres (9.3 mi) to the south-east in a direct line, or about 50 kilometres (31 mi) by road.
History
[edit]Blatten was first mentioned in a deed of 1343 as uffen der Blatten.[7]
The Fafleralp above the village area has been a tourist attraction since 1910.[8]
The village was connected to the motorway in 1954 and thenceforth residents turned more and more to jobs in the industrial and service sectors and the population also declined somewhat.
2025 glacier collapse
[edit]
On 28 May 2025, at 15:24 CEST,[9][10] approximately 90% of Blatten was destroyed by a landslide due to the collapse of the Birch glacier.[11][12] A seismic signal equivalent to a magnitude 3.1 earthquake was recorded at the moment of the landslide.[9][12][13] An area approximately 2 km (1.2 mi) long, 200 m (660 ft) wide and 200 m (660 ft) deep was buried by the debris cone, extending on both sides of the valley.[14]
An estimated 10 million cubic metres (350×106 cu ft)[15] of ice, earth and rock blocked the Lonza River, forming a lake.[16] Smaller landslides in the preceding weeks had led to the partial evacuation of the village on 17 May 2025 and then a full evacuation of the remaining residents on 19 May 2025, thus preventing mass loss of life. One person has been reported missing.[1]
Geography
[edit]Blatten lies in the Lötschental south of the Bernese Alps. The municipality is located in the Westlich Raron district and is the highest inhabited part of the Lötschental at an elevation of 1,540 m (5,050 ft). It consists of the village of Blatten and the hamlets of Eisten, Ried and Weissenried. At the head of the road up the valley, Fafleralp is the site of a well-known hotel.[6]
The Jungfrau-Aletsch protected area includes most of the municipality, although excluding the main settlements. At the head of the Lötschental, the Lötschenlücke pass, into the valley of the Aletsch Glacier, forms the municipal boundary. Below this pass, the Langgletscher occupies the Lötschental valley, whilst the Schwarzsee lies at a lower level. The valley is framed by the Tschingelhorn to the north and the Bietschhorn to the south, and the slopes of both mountains lie within the municipality.[6][17]
Blatten has an area, as of 2011[update], of 90.7 square kilometers (35.0 sq mi). Of this area, 9.5% is used for agricultural purposes, while 9.0% is forested. Of the rest of the land, 0.4% is settled (buildings or roads) and 81.1% is unproductive land.[18]
The entire village of Blatten and the hamlets of Eisten and Weissenried are designated as part of the Inventory of Swiss Heritage Sites.[19]
-
View of the Lötschental with the village of Blatten -
The Lötschenlücke and Langgletscher -
The Schwarzsee lake
Climate
[edit]According to the Köppen Climate Classification system, Blatten has a Humid continental climate, abbreviated "Dfc" on climate maps.
| Climate data for Blatten, Lötschental, elevation 1,538 m (5,046 ft), (1991–2020) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 0.1 (32.2) |
1.8 (35.2) |
5.3 (41.5) |
8.8 (47.8) |
13.9 (57.0) |
18.1 (64.6) |
20.4 (68.7) |
19.8 (67.6) |
15.8 (60.4) |
11.5 (52.7) |
4.8 (40.6) |
0.4 (32.7) |
10.1 (50.2) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −5.4 (22.3) |
−4.4 (24.1) |
−0.4 (31.3) |
3.3 (37.9) |
8.0 (46.4) |
11.7 (53.1) |
13.4 (56.1) |
12.9 (55.2) |
9.0 (48.2) |
4.9 (40.8) |
−0.6 (30.9) |
−4.3 (24.3) |
4.0 (39.2) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −8.8 (16.2) |
−8.9 (16.0) |
−5.1 (22.8) |
−1.4 (29.5) |
2.5 (36.5) |
5.2 (41.4) |
7.0 (44.6) |
7.0 (44.6) |
3.8 (38.8) |
0.7 (33.3) |
−3.6 (25.5) |
−7.2 (19.0) |
−0.7 (30.7) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 96.8 (3.81) |
78.1 (3.07) |
77.0 (3.03) |
62.1 (2.44) |
94.6 (3.72) |
90.7 (3.57) |
93.2 (3.67) |
99.2 (3.91) |
68.6 (2.70) |
89.4 (3.52) |
92.9 (3.66) |
121.4 (4.78) |
1,064 (41.89) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm) | 9.7 | 9.2 | 9.2 | 8.3 | 10.8 | 11.3 | 11.4 | 11.3 | 9.0 | 9.8 | 9.8 | 10.5 | 120.3 |
| Source 1: NOAA[20] | |||||||||||||
| Source 2: MeteoSwiss[21] | |||||||||||||
Demographics
[edit]| Year | Pop. | ±% |
|---|---|---|
| 1850 | 234 | — |
| 1860 | 272 | +16.2% |
| 1870 | 288 | +5.9% |
| 1880 | 277 | −3.8% |
| 1888 | 284 | +2.5% |
| 1900 | 274 | −3.5% |
| 1910 | 305 | +11.3% |
| 1920 | 329 | +7.9% |
| 1930 | 343 | +4.3% |
| 1941 | 372 | +8.5% |
| 1950 | 362 | −2.7% |
| 1960 | 344 | −5.0% |
| 1970 | 343 | −0.3% |
| 1980 | 327 | −4.7% |
| 1990 | 296 | −9.5% |
| 2000 | 281 | −5.1% |
| 2010 | 307 | +9.3% |
| 2020 | 296 | −3.6% |
| Source: [22][23] | ||
Blatten had a population of 303 in 2023.[24]
As of 2000[update], most of the population (as of 2000[update]) spoke German (280 or 99.6%) as their first language with the rest speaking English. Children and teenagers (0–19 years old) made up 17.8% of the population, while adults (20–64 years old) made up 56.2% and seniors (over 64 years old) make up 26%. There were 115 people who were single and never married in the municipality. There were 136 married individuals, 29 widows or widowers and 1 individual who was divorced.[18][25]
Also as of 2000[update], there were 114 private households in the municipality, and an average of 2.4 persons per household. There were 35 households that consist of only one person and 10 households with five or more people. A total of 113 apartments (42.0% of the total) were permanently occupied, while 133 apartments (49.4%) were seasonally occupied and 23 apartments (8.6%) were empty. As of 2009[update], the construction rate of new housing units was 12.7 new units per 1000 residents. The vacancy rate for the municipality, in 2010[update], was 1.98%.[18][26]
Politics
[edit]In the 2007 federal election the most popular party was the CVP which received 74.87% of the vote. The next three most popular parties were the SP (11.66%), the SVP (10.46%) and the FDP (1.97%). In the federal election, a total of 182 votes were cast, and the voter turnout was 68.9%.[27]
In the 2009 Conseil d'Etat/Staatsrat election a total of 191 votes were cast, of which 13 or about 6.8% were invalid. The voter participation was 80.3%, which is much more than the cantonal average of 54.67%.[28] In the 2007 Swiss Council of States election a total of 179 votes were cast, of which 11 or about 6.1% were invalid. The voter participation was 70.5%, which is much more than the cantonal average of 59.88%.[29]
Religion
[edit]From the 2000 census[update], 276 or 98.2% of the population were Catholic, while none belonged to the Swiss Reformed Church. Two people (or about 0.71% of the population) belonged to no church, or were agnostic or atheist, and 3 individuals (or about 1.07% of the population) did not answer the question.[25]
Economy
[edit]As of 2010[update], Blatten had an unemployment rate of 1.1%. As of 2008[update], there were 35 people employed in the primary economic sector and about 15 businesses involved in this sector. Two people were employed in the secondary sector and there was one business in this sector. 82 people were employed in the tertiary sector, with 16 businesses in this sector.[18] There were 127 residents of the municipality who were employed in some capacity, of which females made up 30.7% of the workforce.
In 2008[update] the total number of full-time equivalent jobs was 74. The number of jobs in the primary sector was 14, all of which were in agriculture. The number of jobs in the secondary sector was two, all of which were in manufacturing. The number of jobs in the tertiary sector was 58. In the tertiary sector; six or 10.3% were in wholesale or retail sales or the repair of motor vehicles, one was in the movement and storage of goods, 43 or 74.1% were in a hotel or restaurant and one was the insurance or financial industry.[30]
In 2000[update], there were 11 workers who commuted into the municipality and 81 workers who commuted away. The municipality is a net exporter of workers, with about 7.4 workers leaving the municipality for every one entering.[31] Of the working population, 22% used public transportation to get to work, and 48% used a private car.[18]
Transport
[edit]Blatten lies on the road up the Lötschental valley from Steg and Goppenstein. The road passes through Blatten village and reaches its end at Fafleralp. A PostAuto bus service runs along the road as far as Fafleralp, connecting the settlements within the municipality to Goppenstein railway station, with some buses continuing to Steg.[6][32]
Education
[edit]In Blatten about 101 (or 35.9%) of the population have completed non-mandatory upper secondary education, and 7 (or 2.5%) have completed additional higher education (either university or a Fachhochschule). Of the seven who completed tertiary schooling, all were Swiss men.[25] As of 2000[update], there were 26 students from Blatten who attended schools outside the municipality.[31]
References
[edit]- ^ a b Foulkes, Imogen (28 May 2025). "Swiss glacier collapse buries most of village of Blatten". BBC News. Retrieved 30 May 2025.
- ^ a b "Arealstatistik Standard - Gemeinden nach 4 Hauptbereichen". Federal Statistical Office. Retrieved 13 January 2019.
- ^ "Ständige Wohnbevölkerung nach Staatsangehörigkeitskategorie Geschlecht und Gemeinde; Provisorische Jahresergebnisse; 2018". Federal Statistical Office. 9 April 2019. Retrieved 11 April 2019.
- ^ Singh, Ritu. "Video: Swiss Village Nearly Wiped Out After Glacier Collapse Causes Catastrophic Landslide". NDTV World. NDTV. Retrieved 29 May 2025.
- ^ https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/resources/idt-c7f929de-96a9-45e5-b1bb-31de82fce72d
- ^ a b c d map.geo.admin.ch (Map). Swiss Confederation. Retrieved 14 October 2013.
- ^ Fontes rerum Bernensium: Bern's Geschichtsquellen. Vol. 6. 1891. p. 761.
- ^ Werner Bellwald: Blatten (VS) in .php German, .php French and .php Italian in the online Historical Dictionary of Switzerland, 2004-06-02.
- ^ a b "Event Information | Swiss Seismological Service". seismo.ethz.ch. Retrieved 29 May 2025.
- ^ Hugon, Olivier; Master, Andy; Grept, Justin (28 May 2025). "Une grande partie du village de Blatten rayée de la carte: 'on a perdu notre village, pas notre cœur'" [A large part of the village of Blatten crossed off the map: 'we lost our village, not our heart']. Le Nouvelliste (in Swiss French). Retrieved 29 May 2025.
- ^ "Le village de Blatten en grande partie détruit par l'effondrement du glacier de Birch" (in Swiss French). Radio Télévision Suisse. 28 May 2025. Stéphane Ganzer: "La nature nous dicte toujours sa propre règle",
Trois millions de mètres cubes ont dévalé le flanc de la montagne. Retrieved 28 May 2025.Le conseiller d'Etat Stéphane Ganzer explique dans le 19h30 que, selon les premières estimations, 90% du village ont disparu sous les décombres. [...] Il a indiqué que les trois millions de mètres cubes de matériel qui s'étaient accumulés sur le glacier du Birch sont descendus dans la vallée.
[State Councillor Stéphane Ganzer explained on the 19h30 news that, according to initial estimates, 90% of the village has been buried under the rubble. [...] He stated that the three million cubic meters of material that had accumulated on the Birch Glacier have flowed down into the valley.] - ^ a b Bonvin, Samuel; Zuber, Sophie (28 May 2025). "Effondrement du glacier: une partie de Blatten ensevelie" (in Swiss French). 20 minutes. Archived from the original on 29 May 2025.
Mercredi, vers 15h30, [...] au-dessus de la commune de Blatten (VS) s'est écroulé. [...] un tremblement de terre de magnitude 3,1 a d'ailleurs été enregistré dans la région au moment de l'effondrement.
[On Wednesday, around 15:30, [...] above the municipality of Blatten (Valais), broke away. [...] A 3.1-magnitude earthquake was also recorded in the region at the time of the collapse.] - ^ "Blatten: le Conseil d'Etat déclare la situation particulière après les effondrements sur le glacier". Blatten: le Conseil d’Etat déclare la situation particulière après les effondrements sur le glacier.
- ^ Pekovics, Michael (30 May 2025). "Dorf ist weg: Jetzt droht auch noch Flutwelle". Kurier. p. 4.
- ^ Staatsrat (30 May 2025). "Lötschental - Lagebericht – 10.15 Uhr". Kanton Wallis. Retrieved 31 May 2025.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ swissinfo.ch, S. W. I. (28 May 2025). "Glacier collapses burying large parts of Swiss village Blatten".
- ^ "Visit the World Heritage". UNESCO World Heritage Swiss Alps Jungfrau-Aletsch Foundation. Archived from the original on 14 October 2013. Retrieved 13 October 2013.
- ^ a b c d e Swiss Federal Statistical Office Archived 5 January 2016 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved 5 October 2011
- ^ "Kantonsliste A-Objekte". KGS Inventar (in German). Federal Office of Civil Protection. 2009. Archived from the original on 28 June 2010. Retrieved 25 April 2011.
- ^ "World Meteorological Organization Climate Normals for 1991–2020". World Meteorological Organization Climatological Standard Normals (1991–2020). National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Archived from the original on 11 December 2024. Retrieved 11 December 2024.
- ^ "Climate Normals Blatten, Lötschental (Reference period 1991−2020)" (PDF). Swiss Federal Office of Meteorology and Climatology, MeteoSwiss. Retrieved 21 January 2022.
- ^ "Bevölkerungsentwicklung nach institutionellen Gliederungen, 1850-2000" [Population development according to institutional divisions, 1850-2000]. Federal Statistical Office.
- ^ "Permanent resident population by Year, Canton / District / Commune". Federal Statistical Office.
- ^ https://www.bfs.admin.ch/bfs/de/home/statistiken/bevoelkerung/stand-entwicklung.assetdetail.32229143.html
- ^ a b c STAT-TAB Datenwürfel für Thema 40.3 – 2000 Archived 9 August 2013 at the Wayback Machine (in German). Retrieved 2 February 2011
- ^ Swiss Federal Statistical Office STAT-TAB – Datenwürfel für Thema 09.2 – Gebäude und Wohnungen Archived 7 September 2014 at the Wayback Machine (in German). Retrieved 28 January 2011
- ^ Swiss Federal Statistical Office, Nationalratswahlen 2007: Stärke der Parteien und Wahlbeteiligung, nach Gemeinden/Bezirk/Canton Archived 14 May 2015 at the Wayback Machine (in German). Retrieved 28 May 2010
- ^ vom 1. März 2009 (in German). Retrieved 24 August 2011
- ^ Ständeratswahl 2007 (in German). Retrieved 24 August 2011
- ^ Swiss Federal Statistical Office STAT-TAB Betriebszählung: Arbeitsstätten nach Gemeinde und NOGA 2008 (Abschnitte), Sektoren 1-3 Archived 25 December 2014 at the Wayback Machine (in German). Retrieved 28 January 2011
- ^ a b Swiss Federal Statistical Office – Statweb (in German). Retrieved 24 June 2010
- ^ "Gampel-Steg–Hohtenn–Goppenstein–Blatten (Lötschen)–Fafleralp" (PDF). Bundesamt für Verkehr. Retrieved 14 October 2013.
External links
[edit]
- Blatten in German, French and Italian in the online Historical Dictionary of Switzerland.
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