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Bikas Chakrabarti

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Bikas K. Chakrabarti
Born (1952-12-14) 14 December 1952 (age 72)
Calcutta, India
Alma materCalcutta University
Known for
AwardsShanti Swarup Bhatnagar Award
Scientific career
FieldsPhysics, Economics
InstitutionsSaha Institute of Nuclear Physics, Kolkata
Indian Statistical Institute, Kolkata
S. N. Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences, Kolkata

Bikas Kanta Chakrabarti (born 14 December 1952 in Kolkata (erstwhile Calcutta) is an Indian physicist.[1] At present he is INSA Scientist (Physics) at the Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics & Visiting Professor (Economics) at the Indian Statistical Institute, Kolkata, India.

Biography

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Chakrabarti received his Ph.D. degree from Calcutta University in 1979. Following post-doctoral work at the University of Oxford and the University of Cologne, he joined the faculty of Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics (SINP) in 1983. He is S. S. Bhatnagar Prize awardee (1997) and former J. C. Bose National Fellow (2011-2020). He is a former director of SINP. At present he is INSA Scientist at SINP (2021-) and also Honorary Visiting Professor of economics (2007-) at the Indian Statistical Institute. Emeritus Professor of SINP and of S.N. Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences. Much of Chakrabarti's research has centered around statistical condensed matter physics (including Quantum annealing; see also Timeline of quantum computing) and applications to social sciences (see e.g., Econophysics).

Honors, Awards & Recognitions

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Awards, Fellowships, etc

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Peer Recognition/Appreciation

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Topic: Quantum annealing

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  • "Idea of quantum annealing” ... due to "tunnelling through infinitely high classical barriers separating infinitely many metastable states was indeed put forward even earlier, in Ray, Charabarti & Chakrabarti, Phys. Rev. B (1989), ..." (4th para, Introduction),[3] write Erio Tosatti et al. in their Topical Review (2006)
  • In Quantum Glasses, ... "where barriers to relaxation are tall and narrow, quantum mechanics can enhance the ability to traverse the free energy surface [Ray, Charabarti & Chakrabarti, Phys. Rev. B (1989); ...]” (3rd sentence),[4] write Gabriel Aeppli, Thomas Felix Rosenbaum et al. (2008)
  • "The phenomenon of quantum tunneling suggests that it can be more efficient to explore the state space quantum mechanically in a quantum annealer [Ray, Chakrabarti & Chakrabarti, Phys. Re. B (1989); ...]" (2nd para, 1st sentence),[5] write Sergio Boixo, Daniel Lidar, John M. Martinis, Matthias Troyer, et al. (2014)
  • "Quantum annealing [Ray, Chakrabarti & Chakrabarti, Phys. Rev. B (1989); ...; Das & Chakrabarti, Rev. Mod. Phys. (2008)] uses quantum tunneling instead of thermal excitations to escape from local minima ..." [see 2nd para],[6] write Matthias Troyer et al.(Open Access; 2015)
  • "Quantum annealing ... is a technique inspired by classical simulated annealing [Ray, Chakrabarti & Chakrabarti, Phys. Rev. B (1989)] that aims to take advantage of quantum tunnelling." (1st sentence),[7] write Sergio Boixo, Hartmut Neven et al. (Open Access, 2016)
  • "Quantum annealing aims at finding low-energy configurations ... by a controlled quantum adiabatic evolution ... to escape local minima through multiple tunneling events [Ray, Charabarti & Chakrabarti, Phys. Rev. B (1989); ...; Das & Chakrabarti, Rev. Mod. Phys. (2008)]" (1st sentence) ... It can "lead to extremely powerful alternative computational devices”(3rd sentence),[8] write Riccardo Zecchina (ICTP) et al. (Open Access, 2018)
  • "The previous examples have relied on energy barriers in the classical cost that scale with problem size to foil single-spin-update Simulated Annealing. This agrees with the intuition that a Stoquastic Adiabatic Quantum Computation advantage over Simulated Annealing is associated with tall and thin barriers [Ray, Chakrabarti, and Chakrabarti, Phys. Rev. B (1989); Das & Chakrabarti, Rev. Mod. Phys. (2008)]."(p. 015002-37),[9] write Daniel Lidar et al. (2018)
  • “Earliest work in laying foundation of quantum annealing was done in 1989 [Ray, Chakrabarti & Chakrabarti, Phys. Rev. B], showing that quantum fluctuations can increase the ergodicity in a spin-glass model, by tunneling between 'trapping' minima, separated by narrow potential barriers. ... Das & Chakrabarti [Rev. Mod. Phys., 2008] gives ... clear picture of fundamental physical properties and mechanism” (Introduction),[10] write Helmut Ritsch et al. (Open Access, 2022)
  • “Adiabatic quantum computation [Farhi et al., Science, 2001; Das & Chakrabarti, Rev. Mod. Phys., 2008]” (Abstract) ...“has attracted intense interest [Das & Chakrabarti, Rev. Mod. Phys., 2008; Farhi et al., Science, 2001] owing to its potential speedup over classical algorithms” (Introduction),[11] write Frank Wilczek et al. (Open Access, 2023)
  • "Quantum annealing and other inspired methods have garnered increasing interest because of their quantum attributes that could offer potential solutions to the challenges inherent in combinatorial optimization problems [Ray, Chakrabarti & Chakrabarti, Phys. Rev. B (1989); ...] ... D-wave systems ... utilize superconducting quantum interferometers [...; Das & Chakrabarti, Rev. Mod. Phys, (2008)] to execute quantum annealing ..." (Introduction, 1st & 2nd para),[12] write Yoshihisa Yamamoto (scientist) et al. (Open Access, 2024)
  • "Indeed, it has been established that quantum annealing shows convergence to the optimal (ground) state with larger probability than simulated annealing in a variety of cases if the same annealing schedule is used [Kadowaki & Nishimori, Phys. Rev. E (1998); Brooke et al., Science (1999); Farhi et al., arXiv (2000); ...; Das & Chakrabarti, Rev. Mod. Phys. (2008)]. The intuition for the enhanced performance is that quantum fluctuations allow for tunneling events through particularly spiky peaks of the energy landscape [Ray, Chakrabarti & Chakrabarti, Phys. Rev. B (1989); Denchev et al., Phys. Rev. X (2016)], which in contrast are not possible when using classical simulated annealing." (Introduction, 2nd para),[13] write Subir Sachdev et al. (2025)

Topic: Econophysics

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  • "Influential" & "Elegant" papers from "Kolkata School" (pp. 1705, 1711) on “Statistical mechanics of money, wealth & income”,[14] write Physicist Victor Yakovenko (Univ. Maryland) & Economist J. Barkley Rosser Jr. (2009)
  • “Fathers of Econophysics" (p. 15),[15] Thesis by C. Schinckus, Dept. History and Philosophy of Science, Univ. Cambridge (Open Access, 2018)
  • "A number of disciplines have wholeheartedly embraced mathematical tools and models from physics ... For example, the physicist Bikas Chakrabarti has applied the kinetic theory of gas to models of markets ... His is not a one-off example; the list ... includes luminaries such as Jan Tinbergen, the first ever recipient of the Nobel Prize in economics.", write (in p. 211)[16] Mariza Uzunova Dang et al., in their Oxford IB book on Theory of Knowledge (2020)
  • "Historic conference in Kolkata (India, 1995)": One of the six major events in the last hundred and twenty years of physics applications "in economics and finance ... [since] appearance of the doctoral dissertation by Louis Bachelier in 1900" (Fig. 2 & caption),[17] Econophysics spl. issue editorial by H. Eugene Stanley et al. (Open Access, 2022)
  • "Foundational papers” (Abstract & throughout),[18] Topical Review on ‘Twenty-five years of Kinetic exchange models of markets’ by M. Greenberg (Economics, UMass Amherst) & H. Oliver Gao (Systems Engineering, Cornell Univ.) (Open Access, 2024)
  • “Econophysics: An Introduction [Sinha, Chatterjee, Chakraborti & Chakrabarti, Wiley, 2010]” has been the only suggested Textbook for the Econophysics course, [19] [20] offered (Teacher: Diego Garlaschelli) for last one & half a decade by the Leiden University physics dept. (where the inaugural-year [1969] economics Nobel Laureate Jan Tinbergen did undergrad and Ph.D. in statistical physics of economy under Paul Ehrenfest). Course offer started in 2012-2013 & is continuing up to the present academic year 2025-2026. (All Prospectuses are available online)

Publications

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Books

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  • Quantum Ising Phases and Transitions in Transverse Ising Models, Bikas K. Chakrabarti, Amit Dutta and Parongama Sen, Springer-Verlag, Heidelberg (1996) [2nd Ed., with Sei Suzuki & Jun-ichi Inoue (2013)]
  • Statistical Physics of Fracture and Breakdown in Disordered Solids, Bikas K. Chakrabarti and L. Gilles Benguigui, Oxford University Press, Oxford (1997)
  • Econophysics: An Introduction, Sitabhra Sinha, Arnab Chatterjee, Anirban Chakraborti and Bikas K. Chakrabarti, Wiley-VCH, Berlin (2011)
  • Econophysics of Income & Wealth Distributions, Bikas K. Chakrabarti, Anirban Chakraborti, Satya R. Chakravarty and Arnab Chatterjee, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge (2013)
  • Sociophysics: An Introduction, Parongama Sen and Bikas K. Chakrabarti, Oxford University Press, Oxford (2014)
  • Quantum Phase Transitions in Transverse Field Spin Models: From Statistical Physics to Quantum Information, Amit Dutta, Gabriel Aeppli, Bikas K. Chakrabarti, Uma Divakaran, Thomas Felix Rosenbaum & Diptiman Sen, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge (2015)
  • Quantum Spin Glasses, Annealing and Computation, Shu Tanaka, Ryo Tamura & Bikas K. Chakrabarti, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge (2017)

Reviews

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  • B. K. Chakrabarti and M. Acharyya, Dynamic Transitions and Hysteresis, Rev. Mod. Phys. 71, 847 (1999)
  • A. Das and B. K. Chakrabarti, Quantum Annealing and Analog Quantum Computations, Rev. Mod. Phys. 80, 1061 (2008)
  • S. Pradhan, A. Hansen, and B. K. Chakrabarti, Failure Processes in Elastic Fiber Bundles, Rev. Mod. Phys. 82, 499 (2010).
  • H. Kawamura, T. Hatano, N. Kato, S. Biswas, and B. K. Chakrabarti, Statistical Physics of Fracture, Friction, and Earthquakes, Rev. Mod. Phys. 84, 839 (2012).
  • A. Rajak, S. Suzuki, A. Dutta and B. K. Chakrabarti, Quantum Annealing: An Overview, Phil. Trans. Royal Soc. A, 381, 20210417 (2023).

References

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  1. ^ "INSA". Insaindia.org. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 28 September 2013.
  2. ^ "Young Scientist Awardees". INSA. Archived from the original on 11 October 2013. Retrieved 28 September 2013.
  3. ^ "Optimization using quantum mechanics: quantum annealing through adiabatic evolution". J. Phys. A: Math. Gen. 39: R393. 2006.
  4. ^ "Quantum and Classical Glass Transitions". Phys. Rev. Lett. 101: 057201. 2008.
  5. ^ "Evidence for quantum annealing with more than one hundred qubits". Nature Phys. 10: 218–224. 2014.
  6. ^ "Quantum versus classical annealing of Ising spin glasses". Science. 348: 215. 2015.
  7. ^ "Computational multiqubit tunnelling in programmable quantum annealers". Nature Commun. 7: 10327. 2016.
  8. ^ "Efficiency of quantum vs. classical annealing in nonconvex learning problems". Proc. Nat. Acad. Sc. 115: 1457–1462. 2018.
  9. ^ "Adiabatic quantum computation". Rev. Mod. Phys. 90: 015002. 2018.
  10. ^ "Unraveling the origin of higher success probabilities in quantum annealing versus semi-classical annealing". J. Phys. B: At. Mol. Opt. Phys. 55: 025501. 2022.
  11. ^ "Solving independent set problems with photonic quantum circuits". Proc. Nat. Acad. Sc. 120: e2212323120. 2023.
  12. ^ "Highly Versatile FPGA-Implemented Cyber Coherent Ising Machine". IEEE Access. 12: 175843. 2024.
  13. ^ "Quantum annealing with chaotic driver Hamiltonians". Ann. Phys. 479: 170042. 2025.
  14. ^ "Colloquium: Statistical mechanics of money, wealth, and income". Rev. Mod. Phys. 81: 1703. 2009.
  15. ^ When Physics Became Undisciplined An Essay on Econophysics
  16. ^ Theory of Knowledge, OUP (2020)
  17. ^ "Three Risky Decades: A Time for Econophysics". Entropy. 24: 627. 2022.
  18. ^ "Twenty-five years of random asset exchange modeling". Eur. Phys. J. B. 97: 69. 2024.
  19. ^ Leiden Univ. Econophysics Prospectus (2012-2013)
  20. ^ -Leiden Univ. Econophysics Prospectus (2025-2026)
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