Battle of Perak (1658)
| Battle of Perak (1658) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Part of the Dutch colonial expansion in Asia | |||||||
| |||||||
| Belligerents | |||||||
 Sultanate of Perak Aceh Sultanate |
 Dutch East India Company | ||||||
| Commanders and leaders | |||||||
|
Mahmud Iskandar Shah Taj ul-Alam[2] |
Joan Maetsuycker Joan Truijtman | ||||||
| Strength | |||||||
|
7 warships 30 smaller vessels | Unknown | ||||||
| Casualties and losses | |||||||
| Unknown | Many killed and wounded | ||||||
The Battle of Perak (1658) was a series of naval engagements and coastal attacks fought between the Sultanate of Perak and the Dutch East India Company (VOC) from 23 April to 27 May 1658.[3] The conflict took place along the western coast of the Malay Peninsula and was driven by local opposition to Dutch attempts to control the regional tin trade. Repeated attacks by Perak forces on Dutch trading posts eventually led to the temporary withdrawal of Dutch forces from the area.[4]
Background
[edit]During the 17th century, the Sultanate of Perak became a major center for tin production, attracting interest from European colonial powers, particularly the Dutch East India Company (VOC). In an effort to dominate trade along the Strait of Malacca, the VOC entered into agreements with both Perak and its suzerain, the Sultanate of Aceh.[5][6]
In 1650, Sultan Muzaffar Shah II was compelled to sign a treaty granting the VOC the right to trade tin and to establish a trading post at Kuala Kangsar.[7] However, this agreement was met with resistance from many locals, who opposed foreign interference and preferred open trade with other merchants.
To enforce the treaty, the VOC imposed a naval blockade along the Perak coastline, effectively restricting the movement of both local and foreign merchant vessels.[8] The blockade led to growing dissatisfaction and ultimately sparked armed resistance from Perak.[9]
Battle
[edit]On 23 April 1658, Perak forces launched an attack on the Dutch trading post at Kuala Bernam, destroying the facility. In response, the Dutch reinforced their blockade and increased their naval presence along the coast.[10][11]
On 27 May 1658, a joint Perak–Aceh force—comprising seven warships and around 30 smaller proa—launched a surprise assault with additional support from Ujong Salang. The Dutch headquarters was set ablaze, and numerous Dutch personnel were killed or wounded. As a result, the Dutch temporarily retreated from the region.[12]
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ Unknown. "Tentera Melayu Perak membantai keangkuhan Belanda". X-Plorasi. Retrieved 14 June 2025.
- ^ Stibbe, D.G.; Spat, C., eds. (1917). Encyclopaedie van Nederlandsch-Indië (in Dutch). Vol. 1. 's-Gravenhage & Leiden: Martinus Nijhoff & Brill Publishers. pp. 75–6. hdl:1887.1/item:181627.
- ^ Jasbindar, Freddie Aziz. "Sultan Mahmud Iskandar Shah (11th Sultan of Perak)". www.orangperak.com. Retrieved 2022-10-03.
- ^ Buku Siswa Pendidikan Pancasila dan Kewarganegaran (PPKn) SMP/MTs Kelas 8 (in Indonesian) (ebook ed.). Gramedia Widiasarana Indonesia. 2021. p. 143. ISBN 6020526011. Retrieved 14 June 2025.
- ^ Balk, G. Louisa; van Dijk, Frans; Kortlang, Diederick J. (2007), The Archives of the Dutch East India Company (VOC) and the Local Institutions in Batavia (Jakarta), Leiden: Brill Publishers, p. 28, ISBN 978-90-04-16365-2
- ^ Jasbindar, Freddie Aziz. "Sultan Muzaffar Shah II (10th Sultan of Perak)". www.orangperak.com. Retrieved 2022-09-03.
- ^ Balk, van Dijk & Kortlang 2007, p. 28.
- ^ Temuan Satu Abad, 1900–1999: Perjalanan Sejarah Kebudayaan Indonesia (in Indonesian). Museum Nasional. 2000. p. 80. Retrieved 14 June 2025.
- ^ Buyong bin Adil (Haji.) (1980). Sejarah Perak. Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka. p. 22.
- ^ Sham, Abu Hassan; Wong, Khek Seng; 't Hart, Maarten (1998). yes (ed.). Malay Studies from Dutch Sources (in English and Malay). Joint publication of the Academy of Malay Studies, University of Malaya and the Melaka Museum Corporation. pp. 74–78. ISBN 9789832085003. Retrieved 14 June 2025.
- ^ Cik Srikandi (29 May 2017). "Bangsa Perak Bangsa Melawan". The Patriots. Retrieved 14 Jun 2025.
- ^ Cik Srikandi (29 May 2017). "Bangsa Perak Bangsa Melawan". The Patriots. Retrieved 14 Jun 2025.