Apareiodon affinis
| Apareiodon affinis | |
|---|---|
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Scientific classification 
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| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Actinopterygii |
| Order: | Characiformes |
| Family: | Parodontidae |
| Genus: | Apareiodon |
| Species: | A. affinis
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| Binomial name | |
| Apareiodon affinis (Steindachner, 1879)
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| Synonyms[2] | |
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Apareiodon affinis, the darter characine, is a species of fresh water ray-finned fishbelonging to the family Parodontidae, the scrapetooths. These fishes are found in the Río de la Plata Basin in southern Brazil, Paraguay and northern Argentina.[3]
Taxonomy
[edit]Apareiodon affinis was first formally described as Paradon affinis in 1879 by the Austrian ichthyologist Franz Steindachner with its type locality given as La Plata in Buenos Aires Province in Argentina. In 1916 Carl H. Eigenmann proposed the new genus Apareiodon with Parodon piracicabae designated as the type species and this species was subsequently reclassified into Apareidon.[2] The genus Apareidon is classified in the family Parodontidae which is in [2] which is within the suborder Characoidei of the order Characiformes.[4]
Description
[edit]The darter characine is a small, fusiform fish growing to a maximum length of 14.3 cm (5.6 in). Like other characids, it has a mouth on the underside of the head with a poorly developed upper lip. There are no dentary teeth and the pectoral fins have a single, unbranched fin-ray which the fish uses to prop itself up on the substrate.[3]
Ecology
[edit]The darter characine is an open water fish,[5] and was one of several fish species in a reservoir on the Paraná River to thrive when large submerged macrophytes were removed.[6] The diet consists of diatoms, green algae and the periderm of aquatic vegetation, perhaps removed accidentally while the fish scrapes off the algae.[7]
The karyotype of this fish varies between populations. In the Upper Paraná basin, the sexes have distinct diploid numbers, the males showing 2n = 54 and the females 2n = 55. They have a multifactorial ZW sex-determination system where the female is determined by ZW1W2 and the male by ZZ. In the separate Cuiabá River system, all individuals show 2n = 54.[8] This is a non-migratory species and its reproductive strategy involves external fertilisation and a lack of parental care of eggs or young.[9]
References
[edit]- ^ Salvador, G.N. (2023). "Apareiodon affinis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2023: e.T186559A1814942. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2023-1.RLTS.T186559A1814942.en. Retrieved 23 June 2025.
- ^ a b c Eschmeyer, William N.; Fricke, Ron & van der Laan, Richard (eds.). "Species in the genus Apareiodon". Catalog of Fishes. California Academy of Sciences. Retrieved 23 June 2025.
- ^ a b Reis, Roberto E.; Kullander, Sven O.; Ferraris, Carl J. (2003). Check List of the Freshwater Fishes of South and Central America. EDIPUCRS. p. 46. ISBN 978-85-7430-361-1.
- ^ Richard van der Laan; William N. Eschmeyer; Ronald Fricke. "Eschmeyer's Catalog of Fishes Classification". Eschmeyer's Catalog of Fishes. California Academy of Sciences. Retrieved 22 June 2025.
- ^ Martin H. Iriondo; Juan César Paggi; María Julieta Parma (2007). The Middle Paraná River: Limnology of a Subtropical Wetland. Springer Science & Business Media. p. 310. ISBN 978-3-540-70624-3.
- ^ B. Qin; Z. Liu; K. Havens (2007). Eutrophication of Shallow Lakes with Special Reference to Lake Taihu, China. Springer Science & Business Media. p. 278. ISBN 978-1-4020-6158-5.
- ^ Casatti, L.; Mendes, H.F.; Ferreira, K.M. (2003). "Aquatic macrophytes as feeding site for small fishes in the Rosana Reservoir, Paranapanema River, Southeastern Brazil". Brazilian Journal of Biology. 63 (2): 213–222. doi:10.1590/S1519-69842003000200006. hdl:11449/130839.
- ^ de Jesus, Célia Maria; Bertollo, Luis Antônio Carlos; Moreira‐Filho, Orlando (1999). "Comparative cytogenetics in Apareiodon affinis (Pisces, Characiformes) and considerations regarding diversification of the group". Genetica. 105 (1): 63–67. doi:10.1023/A:1003592022927.
- ^ Jose Galizia Tundisi; Takako Matsumura Tundisi (2012). Limnology. CRC Press. p. 757. ISBN 978-0-203-80395-0.