Algerian expedition to Tuat

Ottoman forces from the Regency of Algiers and the Regency of Tunis undertook an expedition to the oasis of Tuat, in the Sahara region of present-day Algeria, in 1579.^[1] They made further attempts to occupy the oasis after this and Saadi forces responded with their own occupation of the oasis in 1583.

Expeditions

Following a raid by tribesmen from the Tafilalt in 1578, the leaders of the Tuat oasis sent a request for protection to Algiers.^[2] The next year, Ottoman forces from Algiers and Tunis were sent to the Tuat oasis.^[1] They established themselves in the ruins of another oasis, Tibechrine, and scouted all the nearby oases, before departing.^[2] They visited Tuat again in 1582.^[1]

Aftermath

In 1583, the Saadi sultan Ahmad al-Mansur, in present-day Morocco, sent forces to occupy the oasis in order to prevent the Ottomans from gaining a foothold there.^[1] They established control over Tuat and the nearby oasis of Gurara.^[3] The Ottomans attempted to occupy Tuat again in 1589.^[4]^[5]

Even after the Moroccan conquest, the tribes continued to pay tribute to Hassan Veneziano and the rest of the Algerian Deys until the fall of the Regency of Algiers in 1830.^[6]^{[verification needed]} Since the local tribes revolted several times against the Alawi dynasty and its authority over the Tuat region, Moroccan control remained largely nominal.^[7]^{[page needed]}

References

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Fage, J. D.; Oliver, Roland (1975). The Cambridge History of Africa. Cambridge University Press. p. 412. ISBN 978-0-521-20981-6.
^ ^a ^b Bellil, Rachid (1999). Les oasis du Gourara (Sahara algérien): I. Temps de saints (in French). Peeters Publishers. p. 124. ISBN 978-90-429-0721-8.
^ Abun-Nasr, Jamil M. (1987). A History of the Maghrib in the Islamic Period. Cambridge University Press. p. 217. ISBN 978-0-521-33767-0.
^ Abitbol, Michel (1979). Tombouctou et les Arma: de la conquête marocaine du Soudan nigérien en 1591 à l'hégémonie de l'empire Peulh du Macina en 1833 (in French). G.-P. Maisonneuve et Larose. p. 47. ISBN 978-2-7068-0770-1.
^ Giri, Jacques (1994). Histoire économique du Sahel: des empires à la colonisation (in French). Karthala Editions. p. 162. ISBN 978-2-86537-507-3.
^ texte, Société bourguignonne de géographie et d'histoire Auteur du (1896). "Mémoires de la Société bourguignonne de géographie et d'histoire". Gallica. Retrieved 2024-01-12.
^ Dunn, Ross E. (1977). Resistance in the desert: Moroccan responses to French imperialism, 1881-1912. London New York: Croom Helm University of Wisconsin press. ISBN 978-0-85664-453-5.

[:0-1] Fage, J. D.; Oliver, Roland (1975). The Cambridge History of Africa. Cambridge University Press. p. 412. ISBN 978-0-521-20981-6.

[:1-2] Bellil, Rachid (1999). Les oasis du Gourara (Sahara algérien): I. Temps de saints (in French). Peeters Publishers. p. 124. ISBN 978-90-429-0721-8.

[3] Abun-Nasr, Jamil M. (1987). A History of the Maghrib in the Islamic Period. Cambridge University Press. p. 217. ISBN 978-0-521-33767-0.

[4] Abitbol, Michel (1979). Tombouctou et les Arma: de la conquête marocaine du Soudan nigérien en 1591 à l'hégémonie de l'empire Peulh du Macina en 1833 (in French). G.-P. Maisonneuve et Larose. p. 47. ISBN 978-2-7068-0770-1.

[5] Giri, Jacques (1994). Histoire économique du Sahel: des empires à la colonisation (in French). Karthala Editions. p. 162. ISBN 978-2-86537-507-3.

[6] texte, Société bourguignonne de géographie et d'histoire Auteur du (1896). "Mémoires de la Société bourguignonne de géographie et d'histoire". Gallica. Retrieved 2024-01-12.

[7] Dunn, Ross E. (1977). Resistance in the desert: Moroccan responses to French imperialism, 1881-1912. London New York: Croom Helm University of Wisconsin press. ISBN 978-0-85664-453-5.

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