Albatrellopsis confluens
| Albatrellopsis confluens | |
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Scientific classification 
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| Kingdom: | Fungi |
| Division: | Basidiomycota |
| Class: | Agaricomycetes |
| Order: | Russulales |
| Family: | Albatrellaceae |
| Genus: | Albatrellopsis |
| Species: | A. confluens
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| Binomial name | |
| Albatrellopsis confluens | |
| Synonyms[1] | |
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List
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Albatrellopsis confluens is a species of fungus in the family Albatrellaceae. It is commonly referred to as fused polypore. It is similar to Albatrellus ovinus, but bitter and with age tend to salmon color.
It was reclassified from genus Albatrellus to Albatrellopsis in 1993 based on morphological characteristics and phylogenetic analysis.[2] Recent molecular phylogenetic analysis showed high sequence similarity with Albatrellopsis flettii and confirmed this reclassification.[3]
Description
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Cap is 3–15 cm in diameter, hemispherical or irregularly circular. Surface color is cream or apricot with an orange tinge, sometimes also reddish-brown or ochre. Flaky at the edges. Skin becomes cracked in the dry period. Usually occurs in clusters of fused fruit bodies, up to 50 cm in diameter. [4][5]
Hymenophore is made of tubes up to 3 mm long, decurrent on the stem, white. The pores are very small and circular.[5]
Stipe is 30 to 60 mm high and has 20 to 25 mm in diameter, short and not very distinct. Central, eccentric or lateral. White, sometimes with an apricot, rusty tinge and spots.[5]
Flesh is cream-coloured. Odour weak, pleasant. Taste bitter.[4][5]
Spore print is white. Spores are broadly ovate to almost spherical, colorless, smooth and measure 4.5-5 × 3–3.5 μm.[5]
Distribution and habitat
[edit]A species widespread in Europe and North America, recorded also in Japan and on the Yorke Peninsula in Australia.
Albatrellopsis confluens is a saprotrophic fungus. It occurs sporadically in coniferous and mixed forests and most often found in mountain spruce forests. It grows on the ground, singly or in crowded clumps. Fruit bodies are produced from July to October.[4][5]
Edibility
[edit]The mushroom is edible when young, old ones are unpalatable and bitter. Due to its poor taste and rarity, it should not be picked.[4][5]
Biochemistry
[edit]Albatrellopsis confluens is noted for its medicinal properties, particularly due to the presence of the bioactive compound grifolin. Studies have demonstrated that grifolin exhibits significant anticancer activity by inducing apoptosis and promoting cell cycle arrest, specifically in ovarian and human osteosarcoma cells. The compound achieves this by inactivating key signaling pathways, such as ERK1/2 and PI3K/AKT. Additionally, grifolin has been found to have anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties.[6]
Similar species
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- Albatrellus subrubescens has a cap-shaped fruiting body, with a more distinct stem; the cap is brown-purple, whitish-yellow or ochre-brown, the stem is whitish with orange-purple or brown-orange spots, later the entire brick-brown, and grows in pine forests.
- Albatrellus ovinus has a very light cap, lemon-yellow pores, the flesh turns yellow as it dries and does not grow in fused clumps.
- Laeticutis cristata has a yellow-green to brown cap and grows in deciduous forests, mainly beech forests, although it can also be found in coniferous mountain forests.
- Hydnum rufescens and Hydnum repandum have a hymenophore made of tooth-like or spine-like projections.
References
[edit]- ^ "Species synonymy". Species Fungorum. Retrieved 2023-01-25.
- ^ Teixeira, A.R. (1993). "Chave para identificação dos gêneros de Polyporaceae com base na morfologica do basidiocarpo". Boletim do Instituto de Botânica, São Paulo (in Portuguese). 8: 21. doi:10.15468/39omei.
- ^ Altuntaş, Deniz; Şahin, Ergin; Kabaktepe, Şanlı; Allı, Hakan; Akata, İlgaz (2021). "Albatrellopsis flettii, A New Genus for Turkish Albatrellaceae". KSU Journal of Agriculture and Nature. 24 (4): 815–819. doi:10.18016/ksutarimdoga.vi.799215.
- ^ a b c d Barbara Gumińska, Władysław Wojewoda (1985). Grzyby i ich oznaczanie (in Polish) (3 ed.). p. 257. ISBN 9788309007142. OCLC 16167731.
- ^ a b c d e f g Ewald Gerhardt; Aldona Zaniewska (2007). Grzyby. Wielki ilustrowany przewodnik (in Polish). ISBN 9788324707867. OCLC 271643506.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ Van, Chu Anh; Son, Ninh The (2024). "The Mushroom Albatrellus confluens: A Minireview on Phytochemistry, Biosynthesis, Synthesis and Pharmacological Activities". Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry. 24: 487–502. doi:10.2174/0115680266291757240124093756.
External links
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Media related to Albatrellopsis confluens at Wikimedia Commons