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2025 Romanian presidential election

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2025 Romanian presidential election
← 2024 4 May 2025 (first round)
18 May 2025 (second round)
Registered17,988,031
Turnout53.19% (Increase 0.63pp)
 
Nominee George Simion Nicușor Dan
Party AUR[a] Independent[b]
First round 3,862,761
(40.96%) 		1,979,767
(20.99%)
Runoff TBD TBD
Incumbent President

Ilie Bolojan (acting)
PNL



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Presidential elections were held in Romania on 4 May 2025, with a second round scheduled on 18 May 2025.[1][2] The election was scheduled in January 2025 following the annulment of the 2024 presidential election citing alleged Russian meddling in favour of first round winner Călin Georgescu. The campaign has been characterised by political instability and a series of major ongoing protests against the annulment. On 7 March, Georgescu was barred from running pending several criminal investigations, with leader of the AUR party George Simion announcing his candidacy in Georgescu's place.

Simion, who won 40.96% of the vote, is set to face Dan who garnered 20.99% of the vote in the second round which is scheduled to be held on 18 May 2025.[3]

Background

[edit]

Previous election annulled

[edit]
Main article: 2024–2025 Romanian election annulment protests

On 6 December 2024, the 2024 presidential election was annulled by the Constitutional Court of Romania, 48 hours before the second round was to be held, citing alleged Russian intervention on behalf of independent candidate, Călin Georgescu, who took a shock lead in the first round with 23%.[4] CSAT said the campaign was "identical" to the online campaign launched by Russia before its invasion of Ukraine and which led to the cancellation of the first round. On 20 December, an investigation was published showing that PNL had seemingly paid for one of the TikTok campaigns.[5] PNL interim president Ilie Bolojan had stated however that the campaign was altered illegally to favor Georgescu, yet had not blamed the company they worked with for the alteration.[6]

Second Ciolacu cabinet

[edit]

After the parliamentary election, the second Ciolacu cabinet was formed as a minority coalition between PSD, PNL, UDMR and with confidence and supply from minority parties on 23 December 2024. Furthermore, Ilie Bolojan became President of the Senate of Romania and Ciprian-Constantin Șerban became the President of the Chamber of Deputies of Romania. The cabinet passed with a seven-vote majority and became official. Opposition leaders (most prominently George Simion and POT Leader Anamaria Gavrilă) called the cabinet illegitimate and for the resignation of incumbent president Klaus Iohannis.[7][8][9]

President Iohannis' resignation and political crisis

[edit]

Following the annulment of the 2024 presidential election in December, Iohannis was allowed to stay on as president by the Constitutional Court until his successor could be sworn in. However, on 10 February, following an attempt by members of parliament to impeach him, Iohannis announced that he would resign on 12 February.[10] Senate president Ilie Bolojan assumed the role of acting president until the elections.[11]

Georgescu barring and Simion candidacy

[edit]
Georgescu arriving with Simion to the Central Electoral Bureau to file his candidacy on 7 March. It was rejected two days later

On 26 February 2025, Georgescu was stopped by police in traffic, while allegedly on his way to register for the election. He was charged with six offenses, including incitement to actions against the constitutional order, and support of fascist groups.[12] Preemptive measures have been imposed, including judiciary control, and a 60-day ban on posting xenophobic and antisemitic materials to social networks (although such actions are already illegal in Romania).[13][14] The police found ten million U.S. dollars buried inside his bodyguard's house along with plane tickets to Moscow.[15][16] On 7 March, Georgescu filed his candidacy to the Central Electoral Bureau, being rejected two days later which led to new protests.[17] Consequently, George Simion arrived to the Central Electoral Bureau on 14 March accompanied by former Polish prime minister Mateusz Morawiecki to file his candidacy after collecting 604,000 signatures, above the minimum requirement of 200,000.[18] The CEB approved his candidacy on the following day,[19] which was also the deadline for candidates to register, with Simion stating "We passed the BEC, now let's see if we pass the CCR and return to democracy".[20] The CCR validated his candidacy one day later as well as the ones of Nicușor Dan and Victor Ponta.[21]

Election date

[edit]

The date of the first round had initially been publicly speculated by news media as 23 March 2025, with the runoff two weeks later (6 April 2025). In early January, these dates became obsolete, as the law for electing the President of Romania requires a minimum of 75 days between the election day and the day the election is called. On 8 January, the coalition fixed the dates of the election. The first round is scheduled to be held on 4 May 2025 with the second round two weeks later (18 May 2025).[22][23]

Date Event
8 January The government fixed the date for the election (First round on 4 May 2025)
20 February The Central Electoral Bureau (BEC) is constituted (Judges from the High Court of Cassation and Justice drawn, and representatives of the Permanent Electoral Authority)
21 February The BEC is finalised (representatives form the parliamentary parties)
23 February Deadline for registration of electoral alliances at BEC
15 March Deadline for candidates to register, 23:59:59 (at BEC)
17 March Deadline for BEC to validate or reject candidates registered on 15 March (48 hours after registering)[24]
19 March Deadline to file complaints at CCR against BEC decision (of validation or rejection of a candidacy) (24 hours after BEC ruling)
20 March Definitive candidacies announced
22 March BEC determines the order of the candidates on the ballot paper (lottery)
4 April The start of the electoral campaign (at 7:00)
2 May The end of the electoral campaign (at 22:00)
Voting at polling stations abroad begins at 7:00 a.m. local time
4 May Voting in Romania begins at 7:00 a.m.

Candidates

[edit]

The Central Electoral Bureau (BEC) was constituted on 21 February 2025.[25] The deadline for registering electoral alliances at the BEC was on 23 February 2025. By that deadline, only one electoral alliance was registered, between the governing PSD, PNL, and UDMR, called the Romania Forward Electoral Alliance (Alianța Electorală România Înainte; A.Ro for short).[26]

Persons who wished to run for the office may begin gathering the support signatures (a minimum of 200,000) after 23 February. The deadline for registering the candidacy at the BEC was 15 March 2025, at 23:59:59. All candidatures validated by the BEC must pass the scrutiny of the Constitutional Court of Romania. On 19 March, Gavrilă withdrew her candidacy for president, endorsing Simion.[27] A final list of all 11 candidates was released on the following day.[28] On 22 March, a random draw took place, placing Simion on the first position on the ballot and Nicușor Dan on the last.[29][30]

Advanced to runoff

[edit]
Name Campaign and affiliation Public Office Experience Party and endorsements Candidacy related dates

George Simion 		Democrație
(lit. 'Democracy')

(website) 		Deputy Affiliation: AUR
Endorsed by: POT 		BEC registration: 14 March 2025[31]
BEC validation: 15 March 2025[32]

Nicușor Dan 		România Onestă
(lit. 'Honest Romania')

(website) 		General Mayor of Bucharest (2020–present)
Deputy (2016–2020)
Bucharest General Councilor (2016) 		Affiliation: none
Endorsed by: DREPT, PMP, FD, REPER, RîA, PV, USR, SENS and EMSZ 		Announced intention to run: 16 December 2024[33]
DREPT announces support: 18 December 2024[34]
PMP, and FD announce support: 2 February 2025[35]
REPER announces support: 1 March 2025[36]
USR announces support: 9 April 2025[37]
BEC registration: 7 March 2025[38]
BEC validation: 9 March 2025[39]
BEC validation upheld by Constitutional Court: 11 March 2025

Other registered candidates in ballot order

[edit]
Name Campaign and affiliation Public Office Experience Party and endorsements Candidacy related dates

Crin Antonescu 		România, înainte!
(lit. 'Romania, Forward!')

(website) 		Deputy Affiliation: none
Endorsed by: A.Ro[c] and ethnic minorities 		Announced as common PSD, PNL, and UDMR candidate: 24 December 2024[40]
Announced self-suspension of campaign: 4 January 2025[41]
Validated as PNL candidate: 26 January 2025[42]
Validated as UDMR candidate: 29 January 2025[43]
Validated as PSD candidate: 2 February 2025[44]
BEC registration: 9 March 2025[45]
BEC validation: 11 March 2025[46]
BEC validation upheld by Constitutional Court: 11 March 2025

Elena Lasconi 		Am curaj să fac dreptate!
(lit. 'I have courage to do justice!')

(website) 		Mayor of Campulung Affiliation: USR[d] Announced as still being the USR candidate: 10 January 2025[47]
BEC registration: 13 March 2025[48]
BEC validation: 15 March 2025[49]

Cristian Terheș 		Credincios națiunii române
(lit. 'Faithful to the Romanian nation') 		MEP (2019–present) Affiliation: PNCR BEC registration: 13 March 2025[50]
BEC validation: 15 March 2025[51]

Lavinia Șandru 		România Reală
(lit. 'Real Romania') 		Deputy (2004–2008) Affiliation: PUSL BEC registration: 14 March 2025[52]
BEC validation: 15 March 2025[53]

Victor Ponta 		România pe primul loc!
(lit. 'Romania First!')

(website) 		Prime Minister (2012–2015)
Deputy (2004–2020, 2024–present)
Minister of Parliamentary Relations (2008–2009) 		Affiliation: none
Endorsed by: PRR,[54] PER, PRO,[55] RoSAT, PRM,[56] and PPMP[57][58] 		Expressed interest: 19 January 2025[59][60]
Announced the collecting of supporting signatures: 5 February 2025[61]
Announced intention to run: 19 February 2025[62]
Launched campaign/program: 6 March 2025[63]
BEC registration: 12 March 2025[64]
BEC validation: 14 March 2025

Sebastian Popescu [ro] 		No campaign information No previous public office Affiliation: PNR BEC registration: 15 March 2025[65]
BEC validation: 17 March 2025[66]

Silviu Predoiu [ro] 		Competență. Caracter. Curaj.
(lit. 'Competence. Character. Courage.')
(website) 		Acting chief of Foreign Intelligence Service (2006–2007)
First deputy chief of Foreign Intelligence Service (2005–2018) 		Affiliation: PLAN BEC registration: 15 March 2025[67]
BEC validation: 17 March 2025[68]

John Ion Banu [ro] 		Democrația și Civilizația trebuiesc apărate de către cetățeni
(lit. 'Democracy and Civilization must be defended by citizens')

(website) 		No previous public office Affiliation: none BEC registration: 14 March 2025[69]
BEC validation: 15 March 2025[70]
Daniel Funeriu at the APEX MATH, Reșița, August 2024.jpg
Daniel Funeriu 		Asta-i direcția!
(lit. 'This is the direction!')
 Minister of Education (2009–2012), MEP (2008–2009) Affiliation: none BEC registration: 15 March 2025[71]
BEC validation: 17 March 2025[72]

Registered, but later withdrawn candidates

[edit]
Name Campaign slogan Public Office Experience Party and endorsements Candidacy and withdrawal related dates

Anamaria Gavrilă 		No campaign information Deputy (2020–present)[73] Affiliation: POT BEC registration: 14 March 2025[74]
BEC validation: 15 March 2025[75]
Withdrawn: 19 March 2025[76]

Rejected candidates

[edit]

The following is a list of people that have filed a candidacy at the Central Electoral Bureau and were rejected for not complying the legal requirements to be allowed to run.

Expressed interest publicly but failed to register in time

[edit]

Declined to run

[edit]

Debates

[edit]

The debates[e] started on 8 April 2025, four days after the start of the campaign.

Debate schedule
Debate Date Sponsor(s) Moderator(s) Ref.
1 8 April 2025 TVR 1 Ramona Avramescu [110]
2 9 April 2025 TVR Info Roxana Zamfirescu
Claudiu Lucaci 		[111]
3 9 April 2025 A7 TV Flori Stoian [112]
4 10 April 2025 TVR Info Roxana Zamfirescu
Claudiu Lucaci 		[113]
5 10 April 2025 Radio România Actualități Alexandra Andon [114]
6 14 April 2025 TVR Info Roxana Zamfirescu
Claudiu Lucaci 		[115]
7 15 April 2025 TVR 1 Ramona Avramescu
Marian Voicu 		[116]
8 15 April 2025 TVR Info Roxana Zamfirescu
Claudiu Lucaci 		[117]
9 16 April 2025 TVR 1 Ramona Avramescu
Marian Voicu 		[118]
10 23 April 2025 TVR 1 Ramona Avramescu
Marian Voicu 		[119]
11 28 April 2025 Digi24 Cosmin Prelipceanu
Liliana Ruse 		[120]
12 29 April 2025 TVR 1 Ramona Avramescu
Marian Voicu 		[121]
13 30 April 2025 Antena 3 CNN Mihai Gâdea [122]

Participation

[edit]

The following is a table of participating candidates in each debate:

Participating candidates
Candidate
 P  Present (on spot or through a video/audio live call)  N  Not invited/Invitation declined
 A  Absent (Invitation accepted, but failed to show up or downgraded their presence to a representative) 		Total
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13
Simion A N N N N N A N N N A[f] A N 0
Antonescu N N A N N N N N A N P P P 3
Lasconi N N A N N N N N N N P P P 3
Terheș N N P N N N N P P P N P P 6
Șandru N N N N N N N P N N N P P 3
Ponta N A N N N A N N N N A P N 1
Popescu N P P P P N P N N P N P N 7
Predoiu N N N P P N N N N N N P N 3
Banu P P N N P P N N P N N P P 7
Funeriu P N N N N P P N N P N P P 6
Dan N N N N N N N N N N P P P 3

Opinion polls

[edit]

Graphical summary

[edit]
Graphical summary of the first round opinion polls:
  George Simion
  Nicușor Dan
  Crin Antonescu
  Victor Ponta
  Elena Lasconi
  Lavinia Șandru
  Daniel Funeriu
  Cristian Terheș
  Călin Georgescu
  Diana Șoșoacă

Second round

[edit]

Dan vs Simion

[edit]
Poll Date Sample Dan
Ind. 		Simion
AUR 		Others
Verifield 6 May 2025 944 44.6% 55.4% —
First round on 4 May
AtlasIntel 28 Apr-1 May 2025 3,247 40% 37% 23%
Noi, Cetățenii 24-30 Apr 2025 1,378 55% 45% —
MKOR 24-27 Apr 2025 1,750 29% 28% 43%
FlashData 24–26 Apr 2025 7,500 40.0% 45.5% 14.5%
AtlasIntel 17-22 Apr 2025 3,701 42% 39% 19%
AtlasIntel 10-13 Apr 2025 2,994 40.7% 37.5% 21.8%
ARA 9-13 Apr 2025 1,115 48% 52% —
CURS 3–10 Apr 2025 1,214 46% 54% —
FlashData 3–5 Apr 2025 7,500 58% 42% —
Sociopol 31 Mar – 4 Apr 1.007 47% 53% —
Noi, Cetățenii 28 Mar–8 Apr 2025 1,488 60% 40% —
MKOR 26–28 Mar 2025 1,500 35% 31% 35%
Sociopol 17–18 Mar 2025 1,005 48% 52% —
AtlasIntel 13–15 Mar 2025 2,381 42.1% 35.3% 22.6%
Noi, Cetățenii 23 Dec 2024–13 Jan 2025 1,067 54% 46% —

First round (after BEC deadline)

[edit]
Poll Date Sample Margin of error Simion
AUR 		Ponta
Ind. 		Dan
Ind. 		Antonescu
Ind. 		Lasconi
USR 		Funeriu
Ind. 		Șandru
PUSL 		Terheș
PNCR 		Banu
Ind. 		Popescu
PNR 		Predoiu
PLAN 		Others
AtlasIntel 28 Apr-1 May 2025 3,247 ± 2% 31% 11.7% 23% 25% 6.5% 0.4% 1.1% 0.8% — — — 0.6%
Sociopol 28-30 Apr 2025 1,003 ± 3.2% 34% 22% 19% 19% 5% — — — — — — 1%
Noi, Cetățenii 24–30 Apr 2025 1,378 ± 2.6% 30.5% 10.4% 26.5% 20.5% 8.6% 2.6% — — — — — 0.9%
MKOR 24–27 Apr 2025 1,750 ± 2.5% 33.1% 14.8% 19.4% 21% 7.3% 0.6% 2.2% 0.6% 0.9% — 0.2% —
FlashData 24-26 Apr 2025 7,500 ± 3.5% 29% 8% 23% 26% 7.5% 1.2% 2.1% 0.2% — — — 3%
Sociopol 24-26 Apr 2025 1,001 ± 3.2% 35% 23% 16% 17% 8% — — — — — — 1%
ARA 21-25 Apr 2025 1,115 ± 3% 26.8% 10.5% 20% 26.2% 10% — 3.5% — — — — 3%
DataEcho 22-24 Apr 2025 2,607 ± 2.5% 26.7% 14.4% 26.5% 20.3% 6.6% 0.4% 1.1% 0.2% 0.9% — 0.3% 1.5%
Sociopol 21-23 Apr 2025 1,002 ± 3.2% 34% 23% 16% 16% 10% — — — — — — 1%
AtlasIntel 17-22 Apr 2025 3,701 ± 2% 33.3% 10.7% 23% 23.6% 5.7% 0.9% 1.1% 0.3% — — — 1.3%
ARA 15–19 Apr 2025 1,107 ± 3% 26.5% 11% 19.5% 26% 10% — 3.5% — — — — 3.5%
Sociopol 14–17 Apr 2025 1,005 ± 3.2% 35% 22% 14% 17% 11% — — — — — — 1%
IRSOP 4-14 Apr 2025 1,030 ± 3% 31% 18% 28% 17% 4% — — — — — — 2%
AtlasIntel 10-13 Apr 2025 2,994 ± 2% 34.4% 10% 21.8% 25.5% 5.2% — — — — — — 3.1%
FlashData 10-12 Apr 2025 7,500 ± 3.5% 27% 8% 20% 26% 9% 1.3% 4.8% 0.3% — — 0.5% 3.1%
DataEcho 10-11 Apr 2025 3,562 ± 2.6% 24.9% 10.9% 29.5% 22.8% 9.1% 0.8% 0.3% 0.2% 0.4% — 0.2% 1%
ARA 9-13 Apr 2025 1,115 ± 3% 25.8% 10.6% 20.3% 25.3% 9% — 3.5% — — — — 5.5%
Sociopol 7-11 Apr 2025 1,002 ± 3.2% 34% 23% 16% 15% 10% — — — — — — 2%
CURS 3-10 Apr 2025 1,214 ± 2.8% 26% 16% 19% 23% 8% — — 3% — — — 5%
Noi, Cetățenii 28 Mar–8 Apr 2025 1,488 ± 2.5% 30% 8.3% 29.6% 19.6% 7.8% 2.1% — — — — — 2.7%
USR 2–7 Apr 2025 1,149 ± 2.9% 40.8% 20.4% 16.9% 14.5% 4.1% — — — — — — 3.3%
FlashData 3–5 Apr 2025 7,500 ± 3.5% 28% 9% 23% 26% 6% 1,5% 4,6% 0,5% — 0,1% 0,2% 1,1%
Sociopol 31 Mar–4 Apr 2025 1,007 ± 3.2% 35% 23% 16% 15% 10% — — — — — — 1%
USR 24–29 Mar 2025 1,112 ± 2.94% 37.2% 21.6% 19.2% 13.8% 6.5% — — — — — — 1.7%
MKOR 26–28 Mar 2025 1,500 ± 2.5% 31.2% 17.1% 22.7% 18.8% 5.3% 0.6% 1.1% 2.2% 0.4% 0.4% 0.3% —
Verifield 24–28 Mar 2025 1,100 ± 2.95% 35% 21.1% 20.8% 16.4% 4.3% 1.1% 0.7% 0.3% — — — 0.3%
ARA 18–25 Mar 2025 1,015 ± 3% 27% 11% 18% 24% 12% — 3% — — — — 5%
Avangarde 19–23 Mar 2025 1,300 ± 2.3% 30% 14% 21% 23% 8% 1% — — — — — 3%
CURS 19–22 Mar 2025 1,203 ± 2.8% 29% 13% 18% 22% 12% — — — — — — 6%
Sociopol 17–18 Mar 2025 1,005 — 37% 22% 16% 14% 10% 1% — — — — — —

Furthermore, in a poll among Moldovans with Romanian citizenship, 15.4% stated they would vote for Dan, 11.5% for Lasconi, 7.2% for Antonescu, 3.8% for Simion, 1.8% for Ponta and 0.8% for other candidates. 37.6% stated they were undecided, 18% that they would not vote and 3.9% did not answer. The poll was conducted by iData in April, with a sample of 1,027. According to iData, 500,000–550,000 Romanian citizens with the right to vote in the election lived in Moldova at the time.[124]

First round (before BEC deadline)

[edit]
Poll Date Sample Georgescu
Ind. 		Lasconi
USR 		Simion
AUR 		Becali
AUR 		Bolojan
PNL 		Terheș
PNCR 		Birchall
Ind. 		Antonescu
Ind. 		Dan
Ind. 		Șoșoacă
S.O.S. 		Funeriu
Ind. 		Ponta
Ind. 		Gavrilă
POT 		Șandru
PUSL 		Others
AtlasIntel 13–15 Mar 2025 2,381 — 3.9% 30.4% — — — — 17.9% 26.0% — 1.8% 9.0% — 0.6% 10.5%
— 3.9% — — — — — 17.7% 25.3% — 2.5% 9.2% 30.2% 0.5% 10.6%
Sociopol 3–7 Mar 2025 1,000 38% 8% 10% — — — — 14% 14% — — 16% — — —
— 12% 28% — — — — 18% 19% — — 22% — — 1%
MKOR 25–28 Feb 2025 1,100 44.1% 9.4% 0.6% 1.8% 14.7% — — 8.9% 14.2% — — 4.2% — — 2.1%
Verifield 14–28 Feb 2025 1,000 41.1% 7.0% — — — 1.0% — 18.5% 12.4% 3.0% 1.0% — — — 16%
AtlasIntel 21–24 Feb 2025 2,947 38.4% 5.8% 0.9% — — — — 15.8% 25.4% — — 7.5% — — 6.2%
FlashData 14–16 Feb 2025 7,500 37% 9% — — — — 0.5% 17% 21% 3% 1% 5% — — 6.5%
Sociopol 10–14 Feb 2025 1,001 45% 10% 6% — — — — 10% 10% 2% — 16% — — 1%
— 9% 24% — — — — 14% 16% 9% — 22% — — 1%
Sociopol 27–30 Jan 2025 1,003 47% 8% 4% — — — — 10% 10% 4% — 16% — — 1%
— 9% 24% — — — — 14% 16% 14% — 22% — — 1%
CURS 21–25 Jan 2025 1,100 37% 7% — — — — — 18% 21% 4% — — — — 13%
— 13% 25% — — — — 23% 24% — — — — — 15%
Avangarde 10–16 Jan 2025 1,354 38% 6% 6% — — — — 25% 17% 5% — — — — 3%
Sociopol 10–15 Jan 2025 1,001 50% 10% 6% — — — — 8% 10% 5% — 15% — — 1%
— 13% 35% — — — — 10% 13% — — 26% — — 3%
Noi, Cetățenii 23 Dec 2024–13 Jan 2025 1,067 35% 8% 2% — — — — 16% 25% 8% — 8% — — 6%
— 9% 30% — — — — 16% 26% — — 12% — — 7%
Election 24 Nov 2024 9,242,186 22.94% 19.18% 13.86%[g] 8.79%[h] 1.04% 0.46% — — — — — — — 33.73%

Hypothetical second round scenarios

[edit]

Antonescu vs Simion

[edit]
Hypothetical polling
Poll Date Sample Antonescu
Ind. 		Simion
AUR 		Others
AtlasIntel 28 Apr-1 May 2025 3,247 47% 37% 16%
Noi, Cetățenii 24-30 Apr 2025 1,378 57% 43% —
MKOR 24-27 Apr 2025 1,750 31% 28% 41%
FlashData 24–26 Apr 2025 7,500 46% 42% 12%
AtlasIntel 17-22 Apr 2025 3,701 44% 39% 17%
AtlasIntel 10-13 Apr 2025 2,994 49.2% 36.3% 14.4%
ARA 9-13 Apr 2025 1,115 56% 44% —
CURS 3–10 Apr 2025 1,214 52% 48% —
FlashData 3–5 Apr 2025 7,500 61% 39% —
Sociopol 31 Mar–4 Apr 2025 1.007 45% 55% —
Noi, Cetățenii 28 Mar–8 Apr 2025 1,488 61% 39% —
MKOR 26–28 Mar 2025 1,500 33% 31% 36%
Sociopol 17–18 Mar 2025 1,005 46% 54% —

Ponta vs Simion

[edit]
Hypothetical polling
Poll Date Sample Ponta
Ind. 		Simion
AUR 		Others
AtlasIntel 28 Apr-1 May 2025 3,247 28% 34% 38%
Noi, Cetățenii 24-30 Apr 2025 1,378 53% 47% —
MKOR 24-27 Apr 2025 1,750 25% 28% 47%
AtlasIntel 17-22 Apr 2025 3,701 26% 36% 39%
AtlasIntel 10-13 Apr 2025 2,994 23.4% 36.3% 40.4%
ARA 9-13 Apr 2025 1,115 44% 56% —
Sociopol 31 Mar–4 Apr 2025 1.007 54% 46% —
MKOR 26–28 Mar 2025 1,500 30% 30% 40%
Sociopol 17–18 Mar 2025 1,005 46% 54% —

Antonescu vs Dan

[edit]
Hypothetical polling
Poll Date Sample Antonescu
Ind. 		Dan
Ind. 		Others
AtlasIntel 28 Apr-1 May 2025 3,247 33% 29% 38%
Noi, Cetățenii 24-30 Apr 2025 1,378 54% 46% —
MKOR 24-27 Apr 2025 1,750 21% 24% 55%
FlashData 24–26 Apr 2025 7,500 48% 40% 12%
AtlasIntel 17-22 Apr 2025 3,701 31% 28% 41%
AtlasIntel 10-13 Apr 2025 2,994 34.4% 26.4% 39.2%
ARA 9-13 Apr 2025 1,115 56% 44% —
CURS 3–10 Apr 2025 1,214 52% 48% —
FlashData 3–5 Apr 2025 7,500 55% 45% —
Noi, Cetățenii 28 Mar–8 Apr 2025 1,488 44% 56% —
MKOR 26–28 Mar 2025 1,500 22% 30% 48%
AtlasIntel 13–15 Mar 2025 2,381 25.1% 35.2% 39.6%

Antonescu vs Ponta

[edit]
Hypothetical polling
Poll Date Sample Antonescu
Ind. 		Ponta
Ind. 		Others
Noi, Cetățenii 24-30 Apr 2025 1,378 69% 31% —
MKOR 24-27 Apr 2025 1,750 28% 19% 53%
FlashData 24–26 Apr 2025 7,500 52% 36% 12%
FlashData 3–5 Apr 2025 7,500 67% 33% —
MKOR 26–28 Mar 2025 1,500 29% 25% 45%

Dan vs Lasconi

[edit]
Hypothetical polling
Poll Date Sample Dan
Ind. 		Lasconi
USR 		Others
AtlasIntel 13–15 Mar 2025 2,381 41.4% 5.2% 53.4%

Dan vs Ponta

[edit]
Hypothetical polling
Poll Date Sample Dan
Ind. 		Ponta
Ind. 		Others
AtlasIntel 28 Apr-1 May 2025 3,247 40% 37% 23%
Noi, Cetățenii 24-30 Apr 2025 1,378 59% 41% —
MKOR 24-27 Apr 2025 1,750 30% 20% 50%
FlashData 24–26 Apr 2025 7,500 48% 42% 10%
CURS 3–10 Apr 2025 1,214 50% 50% —
FlashData 3–5 Apr 2025 7,500 61% 39% —
MKOR 26–28 Mar 2025 1,500 33% 24% 42%
AtlasIntel 13–15 Mar 2025 2,381 43.2% 17.5% 39.3%
Noi, Cetățenii 23 Dec 2024–13 Jan 2025 1,067 55% 45% —

Lasconi vs Simion

[edit]
Hypothetical polling
Poll Date Sample Lasconi
USR 		Simion
AUR 		Others
AtlasIntel 28 Apr-1 May 2025 3,247 43% 35% 22%
MKOR 24-27 Apr 2025 1,750 30% 30% 40%
AtlasIntel 17-22 Apr 2025 3,701 41% 39% 20%
AtlasIntel 10-13 Apr 2025 2,994 40.3% 36.8% 22.9%
MKOR 26–28 Mar 2025 1,500 30% 31% 39%

Antonescu vs Georgescu

[edit]
Hypothetical polling
Poll Date Sample Antonescu
Ind. 		Georgescu
Ind. 		Others
Avangarde 10–16 Jan 2025 1,354 38% 39% 23%

Bolojan vs Georgescu

[edit]
Hypothetical polling
Poll Date Sample Bolojan
PNL 		Georgescu
Ind. 		Others
MKOR 25–28 Feb 2025 1,100 42% 40% 18%

Dan vs Gavrila

[edit]
Hypothetical polling
Poll Date Sample Dan
Ind. 		Gavrilă
POT 		Others
AtlasIntel 13–15 Mar 2025 2,381 40.1% 31.7% 28.3%

Dan vs Georgescu

[edit]
Hypothetical polling
Poll Date Sample Dan
Ind. 		Georgescu
Ind. 		Others
MKOR 25–28 Feb 2025 1,100 36% 42% 22%
AtlasIntel 21–24 Feb 2025 2,947 45.0% 40.9% 14.1%
Noi, Cetățenii 23 Dec 2024–16 Feb 2025 1,067 50% 50% —
Avangarde 10–16 Jan 2025 1,354 32% 43% 25%

Georgescu vs Lasconi

[edit]
Hypothetical polling
Poll Date Sample Georgescu
Ind. 		Lasconi
USR 		Others
Avangarde 10–16 Jan 2025 1,354 44% 31% 25%

Endorsements

[edit]

Parliamentary endorsements

[edit]

The table below lists the political parties and other political organizations that supported any of the candidates in the first and second rounds of the presidential election.

Party Ideology First round Second round
Social Democratic Party Social democracy Crin Antonescu[125] No endorsement[126]
Alliance for the Union of Romanians Romanian nationalism George Simion[127] George Simion[128]
National Liberal Party Liberal conservatism Crin Antonescu[129] Nicușor Dan[130]
Save Romania Union Liberalism Nicușor Dan[d][131] Nicușor Dan[132]
S.O.S. Romania Ultranationalism Invalid[133] TBA
Party of Young People Right-wing populism George Simion[134] George Simion[135]

Minority endorsements

[edit]
Party Ideology First round Second round
Democratic Alliance of Hungarians Hungarian minority interests Crin Antonescu[136] Nicușor Dan[137]
Parliamentary Group of National Minorities National minority interests Crin Antonescu[138] TBA
Hungarian Alliance of Transylvania Hungarian nationalism Nicușor Dan[139] Nicușor Dan[140]

Extraparliamentary endorsements

[edit]
Party Ideology First round Second round
Health Education Nature Sustainability Party Progressivism Nicușor Dan[141] Nicușor Dan[142]
Force of the Right Liberal conservatism Nicușor Dan[35] Nicușor Dan
Renewing Romania's European Project Liberalism Nicușor Dan[143] Nicușor Dan[144]
Justice and Respect in Europe for All Party Anti-corruption Nicușor Dan[34] Nicușor Dan
People's Movement Party National conservatism Nicușor Dan[35] Nicușor Dan
National Peasants' Party Maniu-Mihalache Agrarianism Nicușor Dan[145] Nicușor Dan
Volt Romania European federalism Nicușor Dan[146]
Democracy and Solidarity Party Democratic socialism Against far-right[147] Nicușor Dan[148]
Christian Democratic National Peasants' Party Christian democracy George Simion[149] George Simion[150]
Geto-Dacian Union Party Conservatism George Simion[151] George Simion[152]
Communists' Party Communism George Simion[153] George Simion[154]
Independent Social Democratic Party Left-wing nationalism George Simion[155] George Simion
Romanian Village Party Agrarianism Victor Ponta[citation needed] George Simion[156]
The Right Alternative National conservatism Right-conservative[157] TBA

International endorsements

[edit]
Country Party Ideology First round Second round
 European Union European People's Party Group Christian democracy Nicușor Dan[158]
Progressive Alliance of Socialists and Democrats Social democracy Nicușor Dan[159]
European Conservatives and Reformists Group National conservatism George Simion[160]
Renew Europe Liberalism Nicușor Dan[161]
Greens–European Free Alliance Green politics Nicușor Dan[162]
 Moldova Party of Action and Solidarity Liberalism Crin Antonescu[163] Nicușor Dan[164]
European Social Democratic Party Social democracy Crin Antonescu[165] TBA
Alliance for the Union of Romanians Romanian nationalism George Simion[166] George Simion

Second round candidate endorsements

[edit]
Candidate First round Endorsement
Crin Antonescu 20.07% No endorsement[167]
Victor Ponta 13.04% TBA[168]
Elena Lasconi 2.68% TBA
Lavinia Șandru 0.64% TBA
Daniel Funeriu 0.53% TBA
Cristian Terheș 0.39% TBA
Sebastian Popescu [ro] 0.28% TBA
John Ion Banu [ro] 0.23% TBA
Silviu Predoiu [ro] 0.18% TBA

Candidate endorsements from the 2024 annulled elections

[edit]
Candidate First round Endorsement
Călin Georgescu 22.94% George Simion[169]

Results

[edit]
CandidatePartyFirst roundSecond round
Votes%Votes%
George SimionAlliance for the Union of Romanians[a]3,862,76140.96
Nicușor DanIndependent[b]1,979,76720.99
Crin AntonescuIndependent[i]1,892,93020.07
Victor PontaIndependent[j]1,230,16413.04
Elena LasconiSave Romania Union[d]252,7212.68
Lavinia ȘandruSocial Liberal Humanist Party60,6820.64
Daniel FuneriuIndependent49,6040.53
Cristian TerheșRomanian National Conservative Party36,4450.39
Sebastian Popescu [ro]New Romania Party25,9940.28
John Ion Banu [ro]Independent22,0200.23
Silviu Predoiu [ro]National Action League Party17,1860.18
Total9,430,274100.00
Valid votes9,430,27498.52
Invalid/blank votes141,4661.48
Total votes9,571,740100.00
Registered voters/turnout17,988,03153.2117,988,031–
Source: Permanent Electoral Authority[170]

By county

[edit]

Aftermath

[edit]

First round

[edit]

Following the results, Prime Minister Marcel Ciolacu announced that PSD would leave A.Ro, and resigned from the position of Prime Minister, which resulted in the collapse of the coalition. However, he will continue to serve as leader of PSD.[171]

Simion's victory in the first round also had major economic implications, with the Bucharest Stock Exchange experiencing significant losses[172] and the National Bank of Romania investing over 2 billion Euro in stabilising the Leu and preventing depreciation.[173] Former Romanian president Traian Băsescu criticized the Romanian diaspora for Simion's victory among its voters. He called the attitude of the majority of the diaspora as "dishonest", stating that "They live in the West and say: come on, you who live at home, come on, go to daddy Putin, go to Putin!".[174]

Simion was congratulated on his first round win by Mateusz Morawiecki, former Polish prime minister and current president of the European Conservatives and Reformists, Italy’s Deputy Prime Minister Matteo Salvini and French MEP Marion Maréchal.[175]

Analysis

[edit]

According to Moldovan analyst Ion Tăbîrță, past actions and declarations by Simion indicated an unpredictable and potentially damaging approach to Moldova–Romania relations. According to him, with Simion's election, Moldova could lose Romania's support, including in its path to European integration. He added that Romania would lose its role as Moldova's "defender" in the eyes of the European Union, as it would no longer have the same image within the bloc. According to Moldovan analyst Mihaela Sirețanu, relations between the two countries could become tense, also considering Simion's entry ban on Moldova, then in force until 2028. Both Tăbîrță and Sirețanu agreed that Dan's victory would be more favorable for Moldova and its relationship with Romania.[176]

BBC's Central Europe Correspondent Nick Thorpe reported that many of the voters who backed Georgescu in the annulled election are thought to have switched their allegiance to Simion, and that the two voted together. He further added in the second round, Simion could also attract voters who backed fourth-placed former prime minister Victor Ponta, a former Social Democrat who adopted a "Romania First" campaign.[177]

See also

[edit]

Notes

[edit]
  1. ^ a b Endorsed by POT
  2. ^ a b Endorsed by DREPT, PMP, FD, REPER, RîA, PV, USR, SENS and EMSZ
  3. ^ Alliance of PSD, PNL, and UDMR
  4. ^ a b c The party withdrew its support in favour of Dan, but she remained on the ballot as a USR candidate
  5. ^ In order for a debate to be counted as such, there must be at least two candidates present. The following situations are not considered proper debates: one candidate with one or multiple interviewers; one candidate with a representative (or more) of other candidate(s); only representatives of candidates (no matter how many candidates were represented); one candidate debating a previously recorded video of other candidate(s); short live statements of a candidate (via telephone or video streaming) inserted during a show with only one (other) candidate; short coincidental encounters of candidates (in a non-previously organised debate) that spoke to each other (and were recorded, even on professional cameras in TV studios). Any debate must be publicly broadcast. Negotiations behind closed doors, "strategic meetings" among candidates or any other type of discreet talks are not proper debates, even if their content (or bits of it) was released to the public, with/without the candidates' approval of its release.

    Debates may be broadcast on radio, television, or the internet. Candidates may show up in person or participate in the debate via telephone or video streaming for the entire debate time. Candidates who left the debate before 10% of the debate time elapsed (after a few words or several minutes) are considered absentees and their leaving is noted as such. In this particular situation (if it will occur), the debate is considered a valid one, because at least two candidates were present at its beginning. Candidates who left before the debate's ending are considered present, with their particular situation noted as such. Re-runs or syndication are not counted as different debates.
  6. ^ Simion showed up to the debate but walked off stage, after giving a bouquet of flowers to Elena Lasconi, to protest the annulment of the 2024 presidential election.[123]
  7. ^ With the candidacy of Simion
  8. ^ With the candidacy of Ciucă
  9. ^ Endorsed by A.Ro (PSD, PNL, UDMR) and ethnic minorities
  10. ^ Endorsed by PER, PRO, RoSAT, PRM and PPMP

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