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2025 Pacific hurricane season

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2025 Pacific hurricane season
Season summary map
Seasonal boundaries
First system formedMay 28, 2025
Last system dissipatedSeason ongoing
Strongest storm
NameBarbara
 • Maximum winds65 mph (100 km/h)
(1-minute sustained)
 • Lowest pressure995 mbar (hPa; 29.38 inHg)
Seasonal statistics
Total depressions3
Total storms3
Hurricanes0
Major hurricanes
(Cat. 3+)		0
Total fatalities1
Total damage$16,000 (2025 USD)
Related articles
Pacific hurricane seasons
2023, 2024, 2025, 2026, 2027

The 2025 Pacific hurricane season is the current Pacific hurricane season for the Northern Hemisphere. The season officially began on May 15, 2025, and ends on November 30, 2025. For the Central Pacific (140ºW to 180º), the season began on June 1, 2025, and it too ends on November 30, 2025. These dates, adopted by convention, describe the period in which most subtropical or tropical cyclogenesis occurs in the Pacific Ocean.

The first system of the season, Tropical Storm Alvin, formed off the coast of southern Mexico on May 28, and remained over the open waters of the Eastern Pacific. The next two systems, Tropical Storm Barbara and Tropical Storm Cosme, formed on June 8 off the coast of southern Mexico.

Seasonal forecasts

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Record Named
storms 		Hurricanes Major
hurricanes 		Ref
Average (1991–2020): 15 8 4 [1]
Record high activity: 1992: 27 2015: 16 2015: 11 [2]
Record low activity: 2010: 8 2010: 3 2003: 0 [2]
Date Source Named
storms 		Hurricanes Major
hurricanes 		Ref
May 7, 2025 SMN 16–20 8–11 4–6 [3]
May 22, 2025 NOAA 12–18 5–10 2–5 [4]
Actual activity: EPAC 3 0 0
Actual activity: CPAC 0 0 0
Actual combined activity: 3 0 0

In advance of each Pacific hurricane season, forecasts of hurricane activity are issued by forecasters from the United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)'s Climate Prediction Center, and Mexico's Servicio Meteorológico Nacional (SMN). The forecasts include weekly and monthly changes in significant factors that help determine the amount of tropical storms, hurricanes, and major hurricanes within a particular season.[1]

According to NOAA, the average Pacific hurricane season between 1991 and 2020 contained about 15 named storms, 8 hurricanes and 4 major hurricanes (Category 3 and higher), as well as an accumulated cyclone energy (ACE) index of 80–115 units. Broadly speaking, ACE is the measure of the power of a tropical or subtropical cyclone multiplied by the length of time it existed. ACE is only calculated for full advisories on specific tropical or subtropical cyclones reaching wind speeds of 39 mph (63 km/h) or higher. NOAA typically describes a season as above-average, average, or below-average depending on the cumulative ACE index, but the number of tropical storms, hurricanes or major hurricanes can also be considered.[1]

On May 7, 2025, the Servicio Meteorológico Nacional (SMN) issued its first outlook for the Pacific hurricane season, forecasting an above average season with 16–20 named storms, 8–11 hurricanes, and 4–6 major hurricanes.[3] On May 22, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) released its outlook for the eastern Pacific, which calls for a near-average season with 12 to 18 named storms, 5 to 10 hurricanes, and 2 to 5 major hurricanes, citing a continued neutral phase, the unlikelihood of an El Niño, and the possibility of La Niña in the summer.[4] This increases vertical wind shear in the basin and slightly reduces sea surface temperatures, thus favoring mild to moderate tropical cyclone activity. Furthermore, many global computer models predicted a negative Pacific decadal oscillation (PDO), a phase of a multi-decadal cycle that favored the continuation of much warmer-than-average sea surface temperatures, which had been occurring since 2021, unlike the 1991-2020 period, which generally featured below-normal activity.[1]

Seasonal summary

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For a chronological guide, see Timeline of the 2025 Pacific hurricane season.
Saffir–Simpson scale

Activity within the Eastern Pacific began with the formation and development of Tropical Storm Alvin on May 28, two weeks after the official start of the season, but nearly two weeks earlier than the average formation date of the basin's first named storm.[5] Alvin persisted off the coast of Mexico for a couple days, before degenerating into a remnant low on May 31.[6] The pace of activity quickened into early June. Two storms, Tropical Storm Barbara and Tropical Storm Cosme, formed on June 8, off the coast of southwestern Mexico.[7]

Systems

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Tropical Storm Alvin

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Tropical storm (SSHWS)
 
DurationMay 28 – May 31
Peak intensity60 mph (95 km/h) (1-min);
999 mbar (hPa)

On May 25, an area of low pressure developed south of the coast of southern Mexico.[8] On the afternoon of May 28, the low developed into Tropical Depression One‑E.[9] The depression became more organized around the center and strengthened into Tropical Storm Alvin the next morning.[10] The storm continued to become better organized throughout the day, due to moving toward the northwest within an environment of warm sea surface temperatures (SSTs) and low wind shear, causing its sustained winds to increase to 60 mph (95 km/h) and the central barometric pressure to fall to 999 mbar (29.50 inHg).[11] Early on May 30, the storm moved into an increasingly hostile environment with increasing wind shear and decreasing SSTs, causing it to weaken.[12] Later, on the morning of May 31, Alvin degenerated into a remnant low while approaching the southern tip of the Baja California peninsula.[6]

The precursor to Alvin caused strong winds and heavy rain in El Salvador and Chiapas. In El Salvador, multiple buildings were damaged and over 50 people were injured. In Chiapas, flooding killed one person.[13] Agricultural losses in Emiliano Zapata were estimated at Mex$310,000 (US$16,000).[14] In Greater Mexico City, remnant moisture from Alvin caused heavy rainfall and flash flooding in Coacalco de Berriozábal and Los Reyes La Paz. Numerous vehicles and roads were damaged by floodwaters. In Los Reyes La Paz, a group of people in a car were swept away by floodwaters.[15] Alvin also generated heavy rainfall over Mexico City. These rains disrupted the Mexico City Metro and other public transportation lines.[16] Additionally, remnant moisture from Alvin also reached the Southwestern United States.[17]

Tropical Storm Barbara

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Tropical storm (SSHWS)
 
DurationJune 8 – Present
Peak intensity65 mph (100 km/h) (1-min);
995 mbar (hPa)

On June 4, an area of low pressure associated with a tropical wave that had exited the coast of Africa emerged into the Eastern Pacific and began developing south of the coast of southern Mexico.[18] The low slowly consolidated, eventually gaining gale-force winds and consolidated a well defined low-level circulation to form into Tropical Storm Barbara on June 8.[19]

Tropical Storm Cosme

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Tropical storm (SSHWS)
 
DurationJune 8 – Present
Peak intensity45 mph (75 km/h) (1-min);
999 mbar (hPa)

On June 6, a broad area of low pressure formed along the western side of an elongated trough south of Mexico.[20] Showers and thunderstorms associated with the low became considerably better organized early on June 8, resulting in the formation of Tropical Depression Three-E.[21] Moving slowly northwestward, the system strengthened into Tropical Storm Cosme six hours later.[22]

Storm names

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Main articles: Tropical cyclone naming, History of tropical cyclone naming, and List of historical tropical cyclone names

The following list of names is being used for named storms that form in the North Pacific Ocean east of 140°W during 2025.[23] This is the same list used in the 2019 season.

  • Alvin
  • Barbara (active)
  • Cosme (active)
  • Dalila (unused)
  • Erick (unused)
  • Flossie (unused)
  • Gil (unused)
  • Henriette (unused)
  • Ivo (unused)
  • Juliette (unused)
  • Kiko (unused)
  • Lorena (unused)
  • Mario (unused)
  • Narda (unused)
  • Octave (unused)
  • Priscilla (unused)
  • Raymond (unused)
  • Sonia (unused)
  • Tico (unused)
  • Velma (unused)
  • Wallis (unused)
  • Xina (unused)
  • York (unused)
  • Zelda (unused)

For storms that form in the North Pacific from 140°W to the International Date Line, the names come from a series of four rotating lists. Names are used one after the other without regard to year, and when the bottom of one list is reached, the next named storm receives the name at the top of the next list.[23] Any named storms that form within the area in 2025 will be listed below. Named storms in the table above that cross into the area during the season are noted (*).

Season effects

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This is a table of all of the storms that have formed in the 2025 Pacific hurricane season. It includes their duration, names, intensities, areas affected, damages, and death totals. Deaths in parentheses are additional and indirect (an example of an indirect death would be a traffic accident), but were still related to that storm. Damage and deaths include totals while the storm was extratropical, a wave, or a low, and all of the damage figures are in 2025 USD.

Saffir–Simpson scale
TD TS C1 C2 C3 C4 C5
2025 Pacific hurricane season season statistics
Storm
name 		Dates active Storm category
at peak intensity 		Max 1-min
wind
mph (km/h) 		Min.
press.
(mbar) 		Areas affected Damage
(USD) 		Deaths Ref(s).
Alvin May 28–31 Tropical storm 60 (95) 999 El Salvador, Baja California Peninsula, Western Mexico >$16,000 1
Barbara June 8–Present Tropical storm 65 (100) 995 None None None
Cosme June 8–Present Tropical storm 45 (75) 999 None None None
Season aggregates
3 systems May 28–Season ongoing   65 (100) 995 >$16,000 1  

See also

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References

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  1. ^ a b c d "Background Information: Eastern Pacific Hurricane Season". College Park, Maryland: NOAA Climate Prediction Center. May 14, 2022. Retrieved June 1, 2023.
  2. ^ a b "Northeast Pacific Ocean Historical Tropical Cyclone Statistics". Fort Collins, Colorado: Colorado State University. Retrieved May 6, 2024.
  3. ^ a b "Temporada de Ciclones Tropicales 2025". Mexico City, Mexico: Gobierno de Mexico. May 7, 2025. Retrieved May 7, 2025.
  4. ^ a b "Climate Prediction Center - Expert Assessments: East Pacific Hurricane Outlook". www.cpc.ncep.noaa.gov. Retrieved 2025-05-23.
  5. ^ Masters, Jeff (May 29, 2025). "Tropical Storm Alvin forms off the Pacific coast of Mexico". New Haven, Connecticut: Yale climate connections. Retrieved May 31, 2025.
  6. ^ a b Brown, Daniel (May 31, 2025). Tropical Storm Alvin Discussion Number 12 (Report). Miami, Florida: National hurricane Center. Retrieved May 31, 2025.
  7. ^ Deger, Bill (June 8, 2025). "Parade of tropical storms lining up in Eastern Pacific, Atlantic basin remains quiet". AccuWeather. Retrieved June 8, 2025.
  8. ^ Papin, Philippe (May 25, 2025). Two-Day Tropical Outlook (Report). Miami, Florida: National Hurricane Center. Retrieved May 28, 2025.
  9. ^ Kelly, Larry; Mora, Cassandra (May 28, 2025). Tropical Depression One-E Advisory Number 1 (Report). Miami Florida: National Hurricane Center. Retrieved May 28, 2025.
  10. ^ Mora, Cassandra; Cangialosi, John (May 29, 2025). Tropical Storm Alvin Discussion Number 4 (Report). Miami, Florida: National hurricane Center. Retrieved May 29, 2025.
  11. ^ Kelly, Larry; Mora, Cassandra (May 29, 2025). Tropical Storm Alvin Discussion Number 5 (Report). Miami, Florida: National hurricane Center. Retrieved May 29, 2025.
  12. ^ Hagen, Andrew (May 30, 2025). Tropical Storm Alvin Discussion Number 8 (Report). Miami, Florida: National hurricane Center. Retrieved May 30, 2025.
  13. ^ "Weekly Cat Report May 30, 2025" (PDF).
  14. ^ "Lluvia atípica con granizo provoca pérdida para agricultores de Emiliano Zapata - El Heraldo de Chiapas | Noticias Locales, Policiacas, sobre México, Chiapas y el Mundo". oem.com.mx (in Spanish). Retrieved 2025-06-06.
  15. ^ "Inundaciones en EDOMEX hoy 1 de junio: Municipios que amanecieron bajo el agua por las fuertes lluvias". Heraldo Estado de México (in Spanish). 2025-06-01. Retrieved 2025-06-02.
  16. ^ "Ciudad de México enfrenta intensas lluvias y afectaciones por ciclón Alvin - La Prensa | Noticias policiacas, locales, nacionales". oem.com.mx (in Spanish). Retrieved 2025-06-02.
  17. ^ "Alvin's Moisture Boosts Rainfall in Southwest, Transforming Drought into Abundant Water Supply - Faharas News". news.faharas.net. 2025-06-02. Retrieved 2025-06-02.
  18. ^ "NHC Graphical Outlook Archive". www.nhc.noaa.gov. Retrieved 2025-06-08.
  19. ^ "Tropical Storm BARBARA". www.nhc.noaa.gov. Retrieved 2025-06-08.
  20. ^ Cangialosi, John; Hogsett, Wallace (June 6, 2025). Two-Day Tropical Outlook (Report). Miami, Florida: National Hurricane Center. Retrieved June 8, 2025.
  21. ^ Jelsema, Jon; Cangialosi, John (June 8, 2025). Tropical Depression Three-E Discussion Number 1 (Report). Miami, Florida: National Hurricane Center. Retrieved June 8, 2025.
  22. ^ Cangialosi, John (June 8, 2025). Tropical Storm Cosme Discussion Number 2 (Report). Miami, Florida: National Hurricane Center. Retrieved June 8, 2025.
  23. ^ a b "Tropical Cyclone Names". Miami, Florida: National Hurricane Center. Retrieved December 13, 2024.
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