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Thomas Jonathan Burrill

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Thomas Jonathan Burrill
3rd President of the University of Illinois system
Acting
In office
1891–1894
Preceded bySelim Peabody
Succeeded byAndrew S. Draper
Personal details
Born(1839-04-25)April 25, 1839
Pittsfield, Massachusetts, US
DiedApril 14, 1916(1916-04-14) (aged 76)
Alma materIllinois State Normal University
Profession

Thomas Jonathan Burrill (April 25, 1839 – April 14, 1916) was an American botanist, plant pathologist, and college administrator who first discovered bacterial causes for plant disease.[1] He introduced Erwinia amylovora (called by him Micrococcus amylovorus) as the causal agent of pear fire blight.[2]

Born in Pittsfield, Massachusetts, he moved with his family at age 9 to a farm in Stephenson County, Illinois.[3] Burrill graduated Illinois State Normal University in 1865,[4] and then worked for two years as superintendent of the Urbana public schools. He received his PhD from the University of Chicago in 1881.

Burrill was selected by John Wesley Powell to be the botanist for an expedition to the Colorado Rocky Mountains in 1867.[3] Eight of 12 members of the expedition party made an ascent of Pikes Peak but it is not known if Burrill was among them.[5] Most of Burrill's botanical collections were lost when a burro loaded with bundles of dried plants was drowned while fording a swollen mountain stream.[6]

After the Colorado expedition, Burrill began teaching algebra as an assistant professor in 1869. He soon switched to teaching botany and by 1870 was promoted to professor. In 1868, he was elected professor of botany and horticulture at University of Illinois and remained there the rest of his career, eventually serving as Vice President in 1882.[7] Burrill served as acting regent of the University of Illinois from 1891 until 1894.[8]

The standard author abbreviation Burrill is used to indicate this person as the author when citing a botanical name.[9]

References

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  1. ^ "Thomas Jonathan Burrill: April 25, 1839-April 14, 1916". Transactions of the American Microscopical Society. 35 (4): 269–270. Oct 1916. JSTOR 3221912.
  2. ^ Glawe, Dean A. (September 1992). "Thomas J. Burrill, Pioneer in Plant Pathology". Annual Review of Phytopathology. 30 (1): 17–25. doi:10.1146/annurev.py.30.090192.000313. ISSN 0066-4286. PMID 19025361. Retrieved 22 March 2023.
  3. ^ a b Rogers, A. D. III (1952). Erwini Frink Smith. Memoirs of the American Philosophical Society. Vol. 31. p. 675.
  4. ^ "BURRILL, Thomas Jonathan". The International Who's Who in the World. 1912. p. 213.
  5. ^ Watson (1950), p. 303.
  6. ^ Ewan & Ewan (1981), p. 33.
  7. ^ Smith, Erwin F. (May 1916). "In Memoriam: Thomas Jonathan Burrill". Journal of Bacteriology. 1 (3): 269.b2–271. doi:10.1128/JB.1.3.ii-271.1916. PMC 378653.
  8. ^ "Burrill 1891-1894". University of Illinois System, President's Office.
  9. ^ International Plant Names Index.  Burrill.

Bibliography

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  • Ewan, Joseph; Ewan, Nesta Dunn (1981). Biographical dictionary of Rocky Mountain naturalists: a guide to the writings and collections of botanists, zoologists, geologists, artists and photographers, 1682–1932. Utrecht/Antwerpen: Bohn, Scheltema & Holkema. ISBN 90-313-0415-8.
  • Watson, Elmo Scott (1950). "John W. Powell's Colorado Expedition of 1867" (PDF). The Colorado Magazine. 27 (4): 303–311. Retrieved 1 April 2025.
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