Jump to content

Quảng Trị province

Coordinates: 16°45′N 107°0′E / 16.750°N 107.000°E / 16.750; 107.000
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
(Redirected from Quang Tri Province)
Quảng Trị
Province
Cam Lộ Temple  • Our Lady of La Vang cathedral  • Quảng Trị Citadel  • Thạch Hãn bridge  • Giao Bưu statue  • Monument of three banyan trees  • Cửa Tùng beach  • Tịnh Quang Temple  • Lao Bảo border checkpoint  • Hiền Lương bridge  • Bến Hải beach  • Hiền Lương Bridge  • beach near Vịnh Mốc tunnels  • Khát Vọng monument
Official seal of Quảng Trị
Seal
Nickname: 
Serenity under Reign
Location of Quảng Trị within Vietnam
Location of Quảng Trị within Vietnam
Map
Coordinates: 16°45′N 107°0′E / 16.750°N 107.000°E / 16.750; 107.000
Country Vietnam
RegionNorth Central Coast
CapitalĐồng Hới
Area
[1]
 • Total
12,700 km2 (4,900 sq mi)
Population
 (2024)
 • Total
1,870,845
 • Density150/km2 (380/sq mi)
Demographics
 • EthnicitiesVietnamese, Bru, Hoa, Tà Ôi
GDP[2]
 • ProvinceVND 53.5 trillion
US$ 2.1 billion
Time zoneUTC+7 (ICT)
Area codes233
ISO 3166 codeVN-25
HDI (2020)Increase 0.694[3]
(40th)
Websitewww.quangtri.gov.vn Edit this at Wikidata

Quảng Trị is a coastal province near the southernmost part of the North Central Coast region, the Central of Vietnam. It borders Quảng Bình to the north, Huế to the south, Savannakhet of Laos to the west and the South China Sea to the east, with 75 kilometres (47 mi) of coast.

Geography

[edit]
Sampans along the Thạch Hãn River (August 1967)

Except for the narrow piedmont coastal plains, the terrain of Quảng Trị province is dominated by hills and the Annamite Mountains.

The highlands, characterized by steep slopes, sharp crests, and narrow valleys, are covered mainly by a dense broadleaf evergreen forest. Most of the peaks are between 4,000 feet (1,200 m) and 7,000 feet (2,100 m) feet high, but some rise above 8,000 feet (2,400 m). The narrow coastal plains flanking the highlands on the east have rocky headlands and consist of belts of sand dunes and, in areas where the soil is suitable, paddy fields. From the crests that mark the drainage divide in the highlands, streams flow either east towards the South China Sea or west into Laos and Cambodia. Those flowing eastward follow short courses through deep narrow valleys over rocky bottoms until they reach the coastal plains, where they slow down and disperse. The westward-flowing streams follow longer traces, sometimes through deep canyons which are subject to seasonal flooding. The weather features a wide range of temperatures and rainfall, with hot and dry south-west winds during the Southwest Monsoon (May to September), and much cooler wet weather during the rainy season (November to mid-March). Annual average temperature is 24 °C (75 °F), but temperatures can drop as low as 7 °C (45 °F) during the rainy season.

History

[edit]
Map of Quang Tri province in 1909
Drawing of Quảng Trị citadel in 1913

In the immediate prehistorical period, the lowlands of Quảng Trị and central Vietnam as a whole were occupied by Cham peoples (Champa), speaking a Malayo-Polynesian language, and culturally distinct from the Vietnamese to the north along the Red River. The Qin dynasty of China conquered parts of present-day Central Vietnam at the end of the 3rd century BCE, and administered the indigenous peoples of the area through a commandery, Rinan, for several centuries. A rebellion by the Cham in the 2nd century CE overthrew Chinese control and reestablished local government.[4] Beginning in the 14th and 15th centuries, the Chams were defeated in the area by Vietnamese armies, and ethnic Vietnamese gradually displaced or absorbed/assimilated those Chams who had not fled. Over time a distinct Vietnamese dialectical and cultural subgroup developed in the area. The region was seized by the French by 1874. In 1887 it became part of French Indochina, i.e. the Annam protectorate.

The Quảng Trị Citadel and part of Quảng Trị City looking south, as they were in 1967

Upon the division of Vietnam in 1954 into North and South according to Geneva accords, Quảng Trị became the northernmost province of the State of Vietnam and the Republic of Vietnam, successor of the former. The Vietnamese Demilitarized Zone lay in the province. Beginning 1964, the province gradually became a center for American bases, particularly after October 1966, when the 3rd Marine Division moved to bases just south of the demilitarized zone. In 1966, North Vietnamese forces (PAVN) also began occupying the northern region and pushing deeper into the province. The provincial capital, Quảng Trị City, was overrun and occupied briefly by Communist troops in April 1967, and was a principal battleground during the 1968 Tet Offensive when it was again overrun by North Vietnamese troops and held for a short period before being recaptured by South Vietnamese government and U.S. forces.[5][6] The Battle of Khe Sanh (1968) was a part of the North's steady efforts to occupy the whole of the province. After Khe Sanh was evacuated in July 1968, the North Vietnamese continued their efforts to take the entire province. The most notable achievement of the North Vietnamese offensive in 1972 was capturing Quảng Trị (First Battle of Quảng Trị), although they lost much of the territory gained during the South Vietnamese counter-offensive from June through September 1972 (Second Battle of Quảng Trị). In 1975, communist North Vietnamese army took over the South. Vietnam was unified in 1976.

Formerly, in 2000, Clear Path International (CPI) removed unexploded ordnance (UXO) left by the United States in Quảng Trị province, which was at the time the largest unexploded ordnance removal effort by an NGO in Vietnam's history. Since 1999, Mines Advisory Group (MAG International) has maintained operations in Quảng Trị and neighbouring Quảng Bình province, providing the only civilian staffed demining and UXO clearance operations in Vietnam.[citation needed] Slowly rebuilding in the areas cleared of mines is Roots of Peace[7] working with MAG on a demine-replant model, clearing areas and working with local farmers to plant high-value crops.

Administrative divisions

[edit]

Former divisions

[edit]

Quảng Trị is subdivided into 10 district-level sub-divisions until July 1, 2025:

  • 8 districts:

Administrative units from July 2025

[edit]

Accordingt to the Plan to arrange and merge administrative units in Vietnam 2024–2025, from July 1, 2025, the new Quảng Trị Province (including Quảng Trị and Quảng Bình) will have following communes and wards:

  1. Merging these communes Quảng Hòa, Quảng Lộc, Quảng Văn and Quảng Minh into a new commune named Nam Gianh.
  2. Merging these communes Quảng Tân, Quảng Trung, Quảng Tiên, Quảng Sơn and Quảng Thủy into a new commune named Nam Ba Đồn
  3. Merging these communes Trọng Hóa and xã Dân Hóa into a new commune named Dân Hóa commnue.
  4. Merging these communes Hóa Sơn and xã Hóa Hợp into a new commune named Kim Điền.
  5. Merging these communes Thượng Hóa, Trung Hóa, Minh Hóa and Tân Hóa into a new commune named Kim Phú.
  6. Merging the townlet of Quy Đạt and communes of Xuân Hóa, Yên Hóa, Hồng Hóa into a new commune named Minh Hóa commune.
  7. Merging these communes Lâm Hóa and xã Thanh Hóa into a new commune named Tuyên Lâm.
  8. Merging these communes Thanh Thạch and xã Hương Hóa into a new commune named Tuyên Sơn.
  9. Merging the townlet of Đồng Lê and communes Kim Hóa, Lê Hóa, Thuận Hóa, Sơn Hóa into a new commune named Đồng Lê commune.
  10. Merging these communes Đồng Hóa,Thạch Hóa and Đức Hóa into a new commune named Tuyên Phú.
  11. Merging these communes Phong Hóa, Ngư Hóa and Mai Hóa into a new commune named Tuyên Bình.
  12. Merging these communes Tiến Hóa, Châu Hóa, Cao Quảng and Văn Hóainto a new commune named Tuyên Hóa commune.
  13. Merging these communes Phù Cảnh, Liên Trường and Quảng Thanh into a new commune named Tân Gianh.
  14. Merging these communes Quảng Lưu, Quảng Thạch and Quảng Tiến into a new commune named Trung Thuần.
  15. Merging these communes Quảng Phương, Quảng Xuân and Quảng Hưng into a new commune named Quảng Trạch commune.
  16. Merging these communes Quảng Châu, Quảng Tùng and Cảnh Dương into a new commune named Hòa Trạch.
  17. Merging these communes Quảng Đông, Quảng Phú, Quảng Kim and Quảng Hợp into a new commune named Phú Trạch.
  18. Merging these communes Tân Trạch and xã Thượng Trạch into a new commune named Thượng Trạch.
  19. Merging the townlet of Phong Nha and communes of Lâm Trạch, Xuân Trạch, Phúc Trạch into a new commune named Phong Nha commune.
  20. Merging these communes Thanh Trạch, Hạ Mỹ, Liên Trạch and Bắc Trạch into a new commune named Bắc Trạch.
  21. Merging these communes Hải Phú (huyện Bố Trạch), Sơn Lộc, Đức Trạch and Đồng Trạch into a new commune named Đông Trạch.
  22. Merging the townlet of Hoàn Lão and communes of Trung Trạch, Đại Trạch, Tây Trạch, Hòa Trạch into a new commune named Hoàn Lão commune.
  23. Merging these communes Hưng Trạch, Cự Nẫm, Vạn Trạch and Phú Định into a new commune named Bố Trạch commune.
  24. Merging the townlet of Nông trường Việt Trung, commune of Nhân Trạch and Lý Nam into a new commune named Nam Trạch.
  25. Merging the townlet of Quán Hàu and communes Vĩnh Ninh, Võ Ninh, Hàm Ninh into a new commune named Quảng Ninh commune.
  26. Merging these communes Tân Ninh, Gia Ninh, Duy Ninh and Hải Ninh into a new commune named Ninh Châu.
  27. Merging these communes Vạn Ninh, An Ninh, Xuân Ninh and Hiền Ninh into a new commune named Trường Ninh.
  28. Merging these communes Trường Xuân and xã Trường Sơn into a new commune named Trường Sơn commune.
  29. Merging the townlet of Kiến Giang and communes of Liên Thủy, Xuân Thủy, An Thủy, Phong Thủy, Lộc Thủy into the commune of Lệ Thủy.
  30. Merging these communes Cam Thủy (huyện Lệ Thủy), Thanh Thủy, Hồng Thủy and Ngư Thủy Bắc into a new commune named Cam Hồng.
  31. Merging these communes Hưng Thủy, Sen Thủy and Ngư Thủy into a new commune named Sen Ngư.
  32. Merging these communes Tân Thủy, Dương Thủy, Mỹ Thủy and Thái Thủyinto a new commune named Tân Mỹ.
  33. Merging these communes Trường Thủy, Mai Thủy and Phú Thủy into a new commune named Trường Phú.
  34. Merging the townlet of Nông trường Lệ Ninh, xã Sơn Thủy and commune of Hoa Thủy into a new commune named Quảng Trị.
  35. Merging these communes Kim Thủy, Ngân Thủy and Lâm Thủyinto a new commune named Kim Ngân.
  36. Merging the townlet of Hồ Xá, commune of Vĩnh Long and commune of Vĩnh Chấp into a new commune named Vĩnh Linh.
  37. Merging the townlet of Cửa Tùng and communes of Vĩnh Giang, Hiền Thành, Kim Thạch into a new commune named Cửa Tùng commune.
  38. Merging these communes Vĩnh Thái, Trung Nam, Vĩnh Hòa and Vĩnh Tú into a new commune named Vĩnh Hoàng.
  39. Merging these communes Vĩnh Lâm, Vĩnh Sơn and Vĩnh Thủy into a new commune named Vĩnh Thủy.
  40. Merging the townlet of Bến Quan and communes of Vĩnh Ô, Vĩnh Hà, Vĩnh Khê into a new commune named Bến Quan.
  41. Merging these communes Hải Thái, Linh Trường, Gio An and Gio Sơn into a new commune named Cồn Tiên.
  42. Merging the townlet of Cửa Việt, communes of Gio Mai and Gio Hải into a new commune named Cửa Việt commune.
  43. Merging the townlet of Gio Linh and communes Gio Quang, Gio Mỹ, Phong Bình into a new commune named Gio Linh commune.
  44. Merging these communes Trung Hải, Trung Giang and Trung Sơn into a new commune named Bến Hải commune.
  45. Merging the townlet of Cam Lộ and communes of Cam Thành, Cam Chính, Cam Nghĩa into a new commune named Cam Lộ commune.
  46. Merging these communes Cam Thủy (huyện Cam Lộ), Cam Hiếu, Cam Tuyền and Thanh An into a new commune named Hiếu Giang.
  47. Merging these communes A Bung and xã A Ngo into a new commune named La Lay.
  48. Merging these communes A Vao, Húc Nghì and Tà Rụt into a new commune named Tà Rụt.
  49. Merging these communes Ba Nang, Tà Long and Đakrông into a new commune named Đakrông.
  50. Merging these communes Triệu Nguyên and commune Ba Lòng into a new commune named Ba Lòng.
  51. Merging the townlet of Krông Klang, communes of Mò Ó and Hướng Hiệp into a new commune named Hướng Hiệp.
  52. Merging these communes Hướng Việt and xã Hướng Lập into a new commune named Hướng Lập.
  53. Merging these communes Hướng Sơn, Hướng Linh and Hướng Phùng into a new commune named Hướng Phùng.
  54. Merging these communes and townlet of Khe Sanh and communes Tân Hợp, Húc,Hướng Tân into a new commune named Khe Sanh commune.
  55. Merging these communes Tân Liên, Hướng Lộc and Tân Lập into a new commune named Tân Lập commune.
  56. Merging these communes Tân Thành (huyện Hướng Hóa), xã Tân Long and thị trấn Lao Bảointo a new commune named Lao Bảo commune.
  57. Merging these communes Thanh, Thuận and Lìa into a new commune named Lìa.
  58. Merging these communes Ba Tầng, Xy and A Dơi into a new commune named A Dơi.
  59. Merging the townlet of Ái Tử, communes of Triệu Thành and Triệu Thượng into a new commune named Triệu Phong.
  60. Merging these communes Triệu Ái, Triệu Giang and Triệu Long into a new commune named Ái Tử commnue.
  61. Merging these communes Triệu Độ, Triệu Thuận, Triệu Hòa and Triệu Đại into a new commune named Triệu Bình.
  62. Merging these communes Triệu Trung, Triệu Tài and Triệu Cơ into a new commune named Triệu Cơ.
  63. Merging these communes Triệu Trạch, Triệu Phước and Triệu Tân into a new commune named Nam Cửa Việt.
  64. Merging these the townlet Diên Sanh, commune Hải Trường commune Hải Định into a new commune named Diên Sanh commune.
  65. Merging these communes Hải Dương, Hải An and Hải Khê into a new commune named Mỹ Thủy.
  66. Merging these communes Hải Phú (huyện Hải Lăng), Hải Lâm and Hải Thượng into a new commune named Hải Lăng commune.
  67. Merging these communes Hải Sơn, Hải Phong and Hải Chánh into a new commune named Nam Hải Lăng.
  68. Merging these communes Hải Quy, Hải Hưng and Hải Bình into a new commune named Vĩnh Định commune.
  69. Merging these wards of Đức Ninh Đông, Đồng Hải, Đồng Phú, Phú Hải, Hải Thành, Nam Lý, commune Bảo Ninh and commune Đức Ninh into a new ward named Đồng Hới.
  70. Merging of these communes Bắc Lý, xã Lộc Ninh and commune Quang Phú into a new ward named Đồng Thuận.
  71. Merging of these communes Bắc Nghĩa, phường Đồng Sơn, commune Nghĩa Ninh and xã Thuận Đức into a new ward named Đồng Sơn.
  72. Merging these wards of Quảng Phong, Quảng Long, Ba Đồn and xã Quảng Hải into a new ward named Ba Đồn.
  73. Merging these wards of Quảng Phúc, Quảng Thọ and Quảng Thuận into a new ward named Bắc Gianh.
  74. Merging of these communes 1 and ward 4, Đông Giang ward, and Đông Thanh ward into a new ward named Đông Hà.
  75. Merging of these communes 2 of Đông Hà city, Ward 5, Đông Lễ ward and Đông Lương ward into a new ward named Nam Đông Hà.
  76. Merging of these communes 1, ward 2 and war 3 (Quảng Trị Town), An Đôn war, Hải Lệ commune into a new ward named Quảng Trị.
  77. Merging all communes of Cồn Cỏ district into the special zone of Cồn Cỏ.
  78. Tân Thành is unchanged.

Non-governmental organizations

[edit]

Currently,[when?] there are many non-governmental organizations (NGOs) working in Quảng Trị. One of the biggest problems which they are focusing on is the explosive remnants of war (ERW). Below is the list of NGOs who are very active in helping Quảng Trị province deal with this problem:

Transportation

[edit]

The National Route 1 runs north–south of this province. Vietnam–Laos road also runs west–east of this province and has a junction with national road 1A. Hanoi–Saigon Railway goes through Quảng Trị. Air travel will be served by Quảng Trị Airport to be built 7 km north of Đông Hà and it expected to be operational from 2026. In the meantime, air travel is served by two airports in neighbouring provinces which are Đồng Hới Airport in Quảng Bình Province and Phu Bai International Airport in Huế.

Etymology

[edit]

The province's name derives from Sino-Vietnamese 廣治.

Notable people

[edit]
  • Như Quỳnh (born 1970), singer and Quảng Trị native; now lives in the U.S.
  • Thúy Nga (born 1976), actor, comedian and beauty pageant grew up in Quảng Trị; now lives in the U.S.
  • Vân Khánh, (born 1978), traditional folk singer
  • Minh Thùy, (born 1987), singer
  • Tăng Duy Tân, (born 1995), singer

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Biểu số 4.3: Hiện trạng sử dụng đất vùng Bắc Trung Bộ và Duyên hải miền Trung năm 2022 [Table 4.3: Current land use status in the North Central and South Central Coast regions in 2022] (PDF) (Decision 3048/QĐ-BTNMT) (in Vietnamese). Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment (Vietnam). 18 October 2023. – the data in the report are in hectares, rounded to integers
  2. ^ "Tình hình kinh tế, xã hội Quảng Trị năm 2018". Bộ Kế hoạch và Đầu tư. Retrieved 10 May 2020.
  3. ^ "Human Development Index by province(*) by Cities, provincies and Year". General Statistics Office of Vietnam. Retrieved September 28, 2024.
  4. ^ Rafe de Crespigny: "South Vietnam under the Later Han Dynasty" (1989) Archived August 28, 2006, at the Wayback Machine
  5. ^ "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2010-06-12. Retrieved 2010-06-16.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  6. ^ "History of Quảng Trị". History.army.mil. Archived from the original on 2012-10-10. Retrieved 2013-02-06.
  7. ^ "Sustainable Horticulture and Agriculture Development Project (SHADE) | Roots of Peace". Archived from the original on 2013-08-24. Retrieved 2013-01-21.
  8. ^ "Vietnam - Roots of Peace".

Further reading

[edit]
  • Dyhouse, Janie (August 2018). "Searching for Sunday". VFW Magazine. Vol. 105, no. 10. Kansas City, Mo.: Veterans of Foreign Wars of the United States. pp. 26–27. ISSN 0161-8598. Nearly 50 years ago, a U.S. soldier in Vietnam saved a baby's life. Now he hopes to reconnect with her.
  • Murfin, Gary D., A. Terry Rambo, Le-Thi-Que, Why They Fled: Refugee Movement during the Spring 1975 Communist Offensive in South Vietnam Asian Survey, Vol. 16, No. 9. (Sep., 1976): 855–863
  • Pearson, Lieutenant General Willard. The War in the Northern Provinces: 1966–1968, Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, (1975).
  • Schulzinger, Robert D. A Time for War: The United States and Vietnam, 1941–1975 (1997).
[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Quang Tri.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Quảng_Trị_province&oldid=1297113255"