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Phil Bard

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Bard c. 1937

Phil Bard (February 14, 1912 – March 12, 1966) was an American artist and Communist Party organizer.

Biography

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Bard was employed as a cartoonist at Krazy Kat Studio before joining the staff of New Masses magazine in 1930.[1] Bard worked for the Communist Party as an organizer in the Ohio National Guard's summer camp, attempting to spread anti-military leaflets.[2] Bard was one of five members on the National Secretariat of the John Reed Club in 1934.[3] Under the influence of the John Reed Club and members like Hugo Gellert, Bard began to work with murals in addition to his drawings.[4] While representing the Club, he participated in the protests against the removal of Diego Rivera's Man at the Crossroads from Rockefeller Center, though he was critical of Rivera's politics.[5] Bard was also a founding member of the Artists' Union in 1934.[6] In 1936 he was active in the American League Against War and Fascism, contributing a page to an illustrated calendar that featured 12 drawings by left-wing artists.[7]

Article published in the Daily Worker detailing Bard's time in Spain, August 24, 1937

During the Spanish Civil War, Bard joined the Abraham Lincoln Battalion, serving as the Brigade's political commander, but left the military because of ill health.[8] He continued to aid the loyalists in Spain by serving as the executive secretary of the Friends of the Abraham Lincoln Brigade.[9] Morris Cohen wrote that a speech by Bard at a Bronx County Communist Party meeting inspired him to join the International Brigades in 1937.[10]

Using his background in art, he worked as the advertising manager for the Daily Worker, where he attracted controversy in 1950 for refusing to publish advertisements for a film criticizing the trial of Cardinal Midszenty.[11] Bard became paralyzed on his right side after an illness but he trained himself to draw with his left hand.[12] Bard had his first solo exhibition of drawings in 1955 at ACA Galleries[13] At this time, his work still reflected his left-wing sympathies, depicting human figures "shrunken in body and spirit" in "a world on the point of crumbling".[14]

Beyond his political activities and art, Bard continued to support himself as a comic artist, drawing art for the comic book Minute-Man.[15]He was the author of one play, an allegorical story of a blind veteran, called Ninth Month Midnight. [16] It was performed in 1949 by the Abbe Practical Workshop.[17] Bard died on March 12, 1966, at the Jewish Chronic Disease Hospital in Brooklyn.[18]

References

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  1. ^ Hemingway, Andrew (2002). Artists on the Left: American Artists and the Communist Movement, 1926–1956. Yale University Press. p. 50. ISBN 0300092202.
  2. ^ Eby, Cecil D. (2007). Comrades and commissars: The Lincoln Battalion in the Spanish Civil War. The Pennsylvania State University Press. p. 11. ISBN 9780271029108.
  3. ^ "John Reed Clubs". Partisan Review. 1 (2): 61. May 1934.
  4. ^ Platt, Susan Noyes (1999). Art and politics in the 1930s : Modernism, Marxism, Americanism : a history of cultural activism during the Depression years. Midmarch Arts Press. p. 90. ISBN 1877675296.
  5. ^ "Broad United Front to Preserve Rivera Murals". The Militant. May 20, 1933. p. 1.
  6. ^ O'Connor, Francis V., ed. (1972). The New Deal art projects; an anthology of memoirs. Smithsonian Institution Press. p. 116. ISBN 0874741130.
  7. ^ Tyler, Linda; Walker, Barry, eds. (1994). Hot Off the Press: Prints & Politics. Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press. p. 22. ISBN 0826314961.
  8. ^ "Form Friends of Lincoln Boys to Aid U.S. Fighters". The Daily Worker. April 26, 1937. p. 4.
  9. ^ Pitkin, Rex (August 24, 1937). "'They Kill Our Boys With Dum-Dum Bullets,' Says Bard, Home From Spain". The Daily Worker. p. 2.
  10. ^ Carr, Barnes. Operation Whisper : The capture of Soviet spies Morris and Lona Cohen. University Press of New England. p. 64. ISBN 9781611688092.
  11. ^ "Daily Worker Declines Midszenty Film Ads". The Motion Picture Herald. April 15, 1945.
  12. ^ Soyer, Raphael (1977). Diary of an Artist. New Republic Books. p. 225. ISBN 0915220296.
  13. ^ "Reviews and previews". ARTnews. 54 (6): 49. October 1955.
  14. ^ Finkelstein, Sidney (November 1955). "New Drawings of Phil Bard". Jewish Currents. 10 (1): 30.
  15. ^ The Steranko History of Comics. p. 48.
  16. ^ "Phil Bard's Interesting First Play 'Ninth Month Midnight'". The Daily Worker. February 21, 1949. p. 11.
  17. ^ Chapman, John, ed. (1949). The Burns Mantle Best Plays of 1948–1949. New York: Dodd, Mead and Company. p. 427.
  18. ^ "PHIL BARD, ARTIST, VOLUNTEER IN SPAIN". The New York Times. March 17, 1966. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved January 24, 2025.
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