Mouawiya Syasneh
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Mouawiya Syasneh | |
|---|---|
| Born | 1996 (age 28–29) or 1997 (age 27–28) |
| Organization |  Free Syrian Army |
| Known for | Role in the Syrian Civil War |
Mouawiya al-Syasneh (Arabic: معاوية الصياصنة; born 1996 or 1997)[1] is a Syrian recognized for his role in the events that sparked the Syrian civil war. In March 2011, 14-year-old Syasneh and his friends spray-painted anti-government graffiti on the walls of their school in Daraa.[1] The graffiti incident has been credited by some as a trigger for the onset of widespread protests against the regime of President Bashar al-Assad, which ultimately escalated into civil war.[1]
Early life
[edit]Mouawiya Syasneh was born and raised in the southern Syrian city of Daraa, later considered the "cradle of the Syrian revolution."[2] Syasneh grew up in a conservative Sunni Muslim family in a community considered to have high rates of unemployment and limited opportunities for youth. Syasneh described his challenges under Assad's authoritarian rule, with the arrival of security chief Atef Najib worsening conditions and intensifying public dissatisfaction due to increasing atrocities committed prior to and during the Siege of Daraa by the Syrian Arab Army, where accusations arose of torture and extrajudicial killings of dissidents. In particular, the Syrian Arab Army detained and tortured dissidents accused of making graffiti against the Assad government.[3][4]
In early 2011, as the Arab Spring was engulfing the Arab world, the Syrian security apparatus arrested multiple children accused of creating graffiti in Daraa.[5] They were allegedly tortured by Najib, who accused and insulted the Houran and denied their release. This led to the start of the Syrian revolution in the city.[5]
Graffiti incident
[edit]In February 2011, inspired by the Arab Spring protests in Egypt and Tunisia, Syasneh and his friends spray-painted the words "Ejak el door, ya doctor" ("Your turn has come, O Doctor"), referring to Assad, who had trained as an ophthalmologist before becoming Syria's leader. They were detained for 26 days by the Syrian secret police, the Mukhabarat, where they were reportedly tortured and mistreated. "The electric shock treatment was the worst," Syasneh recounted, adding, "They took me to the bathroom and it was really wet, and they would turn on the shower. They ran the current through the water and onto my back. I felt the shock wherever the water went." Thousands of people took to the streets demanding their release.[6] When the government violently suppressed these demonstrations, the unrest spread nationwide, marking the beginning of the Syrian Civil War.[7]
Role in the Syrian Civil War
[edit]The graffiti incident is considered one of the early sparks of the Syrian uprising. While Syasneh did not intend to initiate a nationwide movement, the event coincided with growing discontent toward Bashar al-Assad’s government. Protests in Daraa escalated, contributing to broader unrest that later developed into an armed conflict.[8][9]
Syasneh later joined the Free Syrian Army (FSA) and participated in battles against government forces. In 2013, his father, a retired architectural engineer, was killed by a rocket while on his way to the mosque. Following this, Syasneh decided to take up arms, stating, "I never thought about shooting anyone before that, but he was my whole life, and I wanted to fight for him."[10]
He continues to live in Daraa in his partially damaged childhood home with his widowed mother and siblings.[11] The Syrian uprising and the 13-year civil war that began after Syasneh’s graffiti ended in December 2024 with the fall of Bashar al-Assad's regime.[12]
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ a b c "Syria's Graffiti Boy Recalls Start of Deadly Conflict". Anadolu Agency. Retrieved 2024-12-15.
- ^ Sanders, Tabitha (March 23, 2021). "The cradle of Syria's revolution: Daraa ten years on". The New Arab. Archived from the original on December 25, 2024. Retrieved December 31, 2024.
- ^ Hammou, Ammar (2025-01-31). "من هو عاطف نجيب الذي استفز درعا وأشعل ثورتها؟". Syria Direct (in Arabic). Retrieved 2025-07-06.
- ^ "I sparked Syria's revolution as a teenage boy – now I'm here to finish it". The Independent. 2024-12-12. Retrieved 2025-07-06.
- ^ a b Nelson, Mateo (2025-01-31). "Who is Atef Najib, the man who fanned the flames of revolution in Daraa?". Syria Direct. Retrieved 2025-04-17.
- ^ "How Syrian Teen's Graffiti Became Bashar al-Assad's Writing on the Wall". NDTV. Retrieved 2024-12-15.
- ^ "The Boy Who Started the Syrian War". Al Jazeera. Retrieved 2024-12-15.
- ^ "From Graffiti to Civil War: How a Teen's Act Sparked Chaos in Syria". Hindustan Times. Retrieved 2024-12-15.
- ^ "Syrian Civil War: How Teen Mouawiya Syasneh's Graffiti Led to Assad's Downfall". The Times of India. 10 December 2024. Retrieved 2024-12-15.
- ^ "Man Whose Youthful Protest Ignited Syria Uprising Admits Defeat". The Sydney Morning Herald. 12 July 2018. Retrieved 2024-12-15.
- ^ "The boy whose defiance sparked the Syrian revolution". www.baladi-news.com. Retrieved 2025-02-05.
- ^ The Editors (Dec 16, 2024). "Syria's Civil War Gives Way to the Post-Assad Era". World Politics Review. Archived from the original on December 25, 2024. Retrieved December 31, 2024.