Ynys Manau
Kingdom of Ynys Manau | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| c.550–825 (578‒582: Ulaid) (582‒c.600: Dál Riada) (620–633: Northumbria) | |||||||||
 The Hen Ogledd | |||||||||
| Other languages | Common Brythonic | ||||||||
| Government | Monarchy | ||||||||
| King | |||||||||
| History | |||||||||
• Established | c.550 | ||||||||
• Senyllt flees to Mann | c.550 | ||||||||
• Báetán mac Cairill invades | 578 | ||||||||
• Áedán mac Gabráin invades | 582 | ||||||||
• Independence | c.600 | ||||||||
• Edwin invades | 620 | ||||||||
• Independence | 633 | ||||||||
• Merfyn Frych becomes King of Gwynedd | 578 | ||||||||
• Disestablished | 578 | ||||||||
| |||||||||
| Today part of | |||||||||
Ynys Manau (often spelt Ynys Manaw, which is the modern Welsh spelling) was a Brythonic kingdom that variously ruled over the Isle of Man from around 550 AD until 825 AD.
History
[edit]Ynys Manau was originally a territory of the Kingdom of Galwyddel (modern Galloway) until the mainland was invaded by the Kingdom of Rheged under Urien around 550 AD. The King of Galwyddel, Senyllt ap Dingat, was forced to flee to the Isle of Man, where he established a lineage of kings.[1][2]
In 578, during or following the reign of King Neithon ap Senyllt, Ynys Manau was occupied by the Kingdom of Ulaid under its king, Báetán mac Cairill.[3] This was until 582 when the Kingdom of Dál Riada took control of the island under its king, Áedán mac Gabráin.[4] At some point in the late 500s, Neithon's son Rhun ap Neithon regained control over Ynys Manau, re-establishing the Brythonic Kingdom.[5]
The Isle of Man came under the rule of Edwin, King of Bernicia and Deira, from 620 to 633.[6]
The lineage of Senyllt ap Dingat would continue to rule an independent Ynys Manau until 825, when Merfyn Frych became King of Gwynedd and incorporated the Isle of Man into that kingdom.
List of Kings
[edit]| Name (Birth–Death) |
Reign | Notes | Royal house | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Start | End | |||
| Senyllt b. c.510 | c.550 | Late 500s | Son of Dingat ap Tudwal | House of Alt Clut |
| Neithon[7] b. c.530 | Late 500s | 578 | Son of Senyllt ap Dingat | |
| Báetán mac Cairill (d. 581) | 578 | 582 | Also King of Ulaid | House of Ulaid |
| Áedán mac Gabráin (d. 581) | 582 | c.600 | Also King of Dál Riada | Cenél nGabrain |
| Rhun b. Mid 500s | Late 500s | Early 600s | Son of Neithon ap Senyllt | House of Alt Clut |
| Tudwal II[8] b. late 500s | Early 600s | Mid 600s | Son of Rhun ap Neithon | |
| Anllech b. c.590 | Mid 600s | 620 | Son of Tudwal ap Rhun | |
| Edwin of Northumbria (c.586─632) | 620[6] | 633 | Also King of Bernicia and Deira | House of Deira |
| Cynin b. Early 600s | 633 | Mid 600s | Son of Anllech ap Tudwal | House of Alt Clut |
| Mermin Fawr (b. c.630) | Mid 600s | 682[9] | Son of Cynin ap Anllech | |
| Anaraud (b. c.650) | 682 | Late 600s | Son of Mermin Fawr[10] | |
| Tudwal III (b. c.670) | Late 600s | Early 700s | Son of Anaraud ap Mermin | |
| Iudgual (b. c.690) | Early 700s | Mid 700s | Son of Tudwal ap Anarawd[11] | |
| Celemion (b. c.690) | Mid 700s | Late 700s | Daughter of Tudwal ap Anarawd; Possibly ruled jointly with her husband Sandde | |
| Sandde (b. c.685) | Mid 700s | 790 | Husband of Celemion ferch Tudwal; Ruled jure uxoris Male-line descendant of Llywarch Hen[12] |
Coeling |
| Elidyr (b. c.730) | 790[5] | Early 800s | Son of Sandde ap Alcwn and Celemion ferch Tudwal | |
| Gwriad (b. c.750) | Early 800s | Early 800s | Son of Elidyr ap Sandde;[13] married Esyllt, daughter of Cynan, King of Gwynedd | |
| Merfyn Frych (c.770─844) | Early 800s | 825 | Son of Gwriad ap Elidyr; Ynys Manau annexed into Gwynedd | |
References
[edit]- ^ "EBK: King Senyllt of Galloway & Ynys Manaw". www.earlybritishkingdoms.com. Retrieved 2025-07-16.
- ^ Kessler, P. L. "Kingdoms of British Celts - Galwyddel (Galloway)". The History Files. Retrieved 2025-07-16.
- ^ AU 577.6; 578.2; Byrne, pg.110; Mac Niocaill, pg.78; Ó Cróinín (EMI), pg. 50; Ó Cróinín (NHI), pg.216.
- ^ AU 582.1; AT 580.1
- ^ a b Kessler, P. L. "Kingdoms of Caledonia & Ireland - Ynys Manau / Isle of Man". The History Files. Retrieved 2025-07-17.
- ^ a b Guy, Benjamin (2023-05-06), Martin, Dave (ed.), "Manaw of the Britons: The Pre-Viking Kings of the Isle of Man", Isle of Man Studies: The Proceedings of the Isle of Man Natural History and Antiquarian Society, vol. 18, The Isle of Man Natural History and Antiquarian Society, pp. 145–161, ISBN 978-1-7394236-0-5, retrieved 2025-07-16
- ^ "EBK: King Neithon of Ynys Manaw". www.earlybritishkingdoms.com. Retrieved 2025-07-16.
- ^ "EBK: King Anllech of Ynys Manaw". www.earlybritishkingdoms.com. Retrieved 2025-07-16.
- ^ "EBK: King Mermin Mawr of Ynys Manaw". www.earlybritishkingdoms.com. Retrieved 2025-07-17.
- ^ "EBK: King Anaraud Gwalchcrwn of Ynys Manaw". www.earlybritishkingdoms.com. Retrieved 2025-07-17.
- ^ "EBK: King Iudgual of Ynys Manaw". www.earlybritishkingdoms.com. Retrieved 2025-07-17.
- ^ "EBK: King Sandde of Ynys Manaw". www.earlybritishkingdoms.com. Retrieved 2025-07-17.
- ^ "EBK: King Guriat of Ynys Manaw". www.earlybritishkingdoms.com. Retrieved 2025-07-17.