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1. FC Frankfurt

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1. FC Frankfurt
Full name1. Fußballclub Frankfurt (Oder) E.V. e.V.
Founded2 August 1951; 73 years ago (1951-08-02) as SV VP Vorwärts Leipzig
GroundStadion der Freundschaft
Capacity12,000
PresidentMarkus Derling
ManagerSascha Kloß[1]
LeagueBrandenburg-Liga (VI)
2023–24Brandenburg-Liga, 3rd of 17
Websitehttp://www.fcfrankfurt.de/
Current season

1. Fußballclub Frankfurt (Oder) E. V. e. V., commonly known as 1. FC Frankfurt, is a German football club based in Frankfurt (Oder), Brandenburg.[2] The club was founded as the army club SV VP Vorwärts Leipzig in Leipzig in East Germany in 1951. The club won six East German championships as ASK Vorwärts Berlin and FC Vorwärts Berlin between 1958 and 1969.

History

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1. FC Frankfurt originally began as the football department of sports club SV VP Vorwärts Leipzig. The sports club was founded on 2 August 1951 and its first team was admitted to the 1951–52 DDR-Oberliga.

One of the characteristics of East German football after World War II, under the Soviet occupation and the socialist East German regime, was the willingness of the authorities to manipulate teams and clubs in various ways for political or other reasons.[3]

The first team of SV Vorwärts der KVP Leipzig was relocated to East Berlin in 1953 and continued as SV Vorwärts der KVP Berlin[4] The football team that began the 1952–53 DDR-Oberliga in Leipzig thus finished the season based in East Berlin. The sports club would undergo several name changes in the following years, before it was finally known as ASK Vorwärts Berlin.

The cup-winning team of 1970

The club began a run of success in 1954 which included an FDGB-Pokal (East German Cup) that year, East German championships in 1958, 1960, 1962, and 1965, as well as losing appearances in the 1956 FDGB-Pokal, and the 1957 and 1959 national finals. Their success continued after the team was again renamed as the football department of ASK Vorwärts Berlin was separated from the sports club and reformed as FC Vorwärts Berlin, one of the new centralized football clubs formed to increase the level of performance throughout the country. Vorwärts won another two championships (1966, 1969) and in 1970 again made a losing appearance in the FDGB-Pokal final. Throughout the entire period from 1951 to 1971, the side played in the DDR Oberliga (top tier).[4]

In 1971, the club was moved again, this time from the capital to Frankfurt an der Oder on the German-Polish border, to replace the local secret police-sponsored side SG Dynamo, which was then disbanded.

The decision to relocate the club to Frankfurt an der Oder was made by the Ministry for Defence.[5] The main reason for the relocation of FC Vorwärts Berlin out of East Berlin was the Four Power Agreement between the Allied Powers, which envisaged a demilitarized Berlin. FC Vorwärts Berlin was a unit of the National People's Army. The relocation also aimed to strengthen football in the regional district Bezirk Frankfurt.[6] However, the exact reasons for decision has not been fully clarified.[7] The relocation may also have been the result of horse trading.[6][nb 1]

German author Rüdiger Wenzke writes that the relocation was "probably" the result of political intrigues by the Ministry for State Security and the SED.[8] German author Hans Joachim Teichler writes that all speculations end up with the head of the Ministry for State Security and the president of SV Dynamo Erich Mielke. Teichler suggest that Mielke "must have somehow" convinced the Minister for National Defence Heinz Hoffmann that two clubs of the armed organs in Berlin were too many.[9] Mielke regarded FC Vortwärts Berlin as a competitor to BFC Dynamo in the capital. His fellow Politburo member and SED First Secretary in Bezirk Frankfurt, Erich Mückenberger, on the other end, anticipated a boost for the Bezirk Frankfurt.[10] Mückenberger had been persistent in his efforts to persuade Defense Minister Hoffmann.[6]

However, the relocation of FC Vorwärts Berlin to Frankfurt an der Oder, followed on the relocation of sports club ASK Vorwärts Berlin to Frankfurt an der Oder.[11] Army sports had become concentrated in Bezirk Frankfurt. ASK Vorwärts Berlin, from which FC Vorwärts Berlin was spun off in 1966, and which had its headquarters in Bezirk Frankfurt, had been delegated to Frankfurt an der Oder in 1969, and was now called ASK Vorwärts Frankfurt.[12] The Presidium of the German Gymnastics and Sports Federation (DTSB) had adopted the 1969 Competitive Sports Resolution on 22 April 1969.[nb 2][13] The resolution stated, among other things that: "ASK Vorwärts Berlin, with its headquarters in Frankfurt (Oder), shall gradually be moved to the district capital under the name ASK Vorwärts Frankfurt (Oder). The sports club SC Frankfurt (Oder) shall be dissolved."[12] The decision to relocate FC Vorwärts Berlin to Frankfurt an der Oder had been carefully prepared. A delegation from East Berlin had traveled to Frankfurt an der Oder to inspect the location as early as February 1971.[6]

Vorwärts enjoyed another decent run in the 1980s, going to the UEFA Cup four times (where they were twice knocked out by West German clubs, (Werder Bremen and VfB Stuttgart). In 1983 they finished second nationally.[14]

After German reunification in 1990, the club dropped its affiliation with the army and became FC Victoria Frankfurt/Oder. After financial problems and re-organization in 1993 the side emerged as Frankfurter FC Viktoria (FFC Viktoria 91). In the early 1990s, they played a couple of seasons in tier III before slipping to division IV and V level play. The side then played in the Brandenburg-Liga (VI) before, on 1 July 2012, merging with MSV Eintracht Frankfurt to become 1. FC Frankfurt.[14][2] The new club took over Viktoria in the Brandenburg-Liga and was aiming for promotion to the higher leagues. Their first success was winning the league in 2015, earning promotion to the NOFV-Oberliga for the first time in 12 years.

Nomenclature

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FC Vorwärts Berlin and its forerunners in Berlin were not related to the historical football club Berliner FC Vorwärts 1890. The name "Vorwärts" was in common use in East Germany for teams associated with security organs, notably the East German army.

The "E.V." in the present club name stands for the names of the two predecessors "Eintracht" and "Viktoria" respectively.

Forms and names

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The logo of ASK Vorwärts Berlin
Date Full name Short name
2 August 1951 Sportvereinigung Volkspolizei Vorwärts Leipzig SV VP Vorwärts Leipzig
27 April 1952 Sportvereinigung Vorwärts der Hauptverwaltung Ausbildung Leipzig SV Vorwärts der HVA Leipzig
2 November 1952 Sportvereinigung Vorwärts der Kasernierten Volkspolizei Leipzig SV Vorwärts der KVP Leipzig
3 April 1953 Sportvereinigung Vorwärts der Kasernierten Volkspolizei Berlin SV Vorwärts der KVP Berlin
27 September 1953 Zentraler Sportklub Vorwärts der Kasernierten Volkspolizei Berlin ZSK Vorwärts der KVP Berlin
7 March 1954 Zentraler Sportklub Vorwärts Berlin ZSK Vorwärts Berlin
31 October 1956 Zentraler Armeesportklub Vorwärts Berlin ZASK Vorwärts Berlin
1 February 1957 Armeesportklub Vorwärts Berlin ASK Vorwärts Berlin
18 January 1966 Fußballclub Vorwärts Berlin FC Vorwärts Berlin
14 August 1971 FC Vorwärts Frankfurt (Oder) FC Vorwärts Frankfurt
7 February 1991 FC Victoria 91 Frankfurt (Oder) e.V. FC Victoria 91
29 August 1992 Frankfurter FC Viktoria 91 e.V. FFC Viktoria 91
1 July 2012 1. FC Frankfurt (Oder) E. V. e.V. 1. FC Frankfurt

Honours

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Historical chart of 1. FC Frankfurt league performance

Domestic

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  • East German Champions
    • Winners: 1958, 1960, 1962, 1965, 1966, 1969
    • Runners-up: 1957, 1959, 1970, 1983
  • FDGB-Pokal
    • Winners: 1954, 1970
    • Runners-up: 1956, 1976, 1981
  • DDR-Liga (II)
    • Winners: 1954, 1979, 1990

International

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Regional

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European competitions

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Season Competition Round Country Club Home Away Aggregate
1959–60 European Cup First round England Wolverhampton Wanderers 2–1 0–2 2–3
1960–61 European Cup Winners' Cup First round Czechoslovakia Rudá Hvězda Brno 2–1 0–2 2–3
1961–62 European Cup Preliminary round Northern Ireland Linfield 3–0 —[a] 3–0
First round Scotland Rangers 1–2 1–4 2–6
1962–63 European Cup Preliminary round Czechoslovakia Dukla Prague 0–3 0–1 0–4
1966–67 European Cup Preliminary round Republic of Ireland Waterford 6–1 6–0 12–1
First round Poland Górnik Zabrze 2–1 1–2 1–3 (replay)
1970–71 European Cup Winners' Cup First round Italy Bologna 0–0 1–1 1–1 (a)
Second round Portugal Benfica 2–0 0–2 2–2 (5–3 p)
Quarter Finals Netherlands PSV 1–0 0–2 1–2
1974–75 UEFA Cup First round Italy Juventus 2–1 0–3 2–4
1980–81 UEFA Cup First round Northern Ireland Ballymena United 3–0 1–2 4–2
Second round West Germany VfB Stuttgart 1–2 1–5 2–7
1982–83 UEFA Cup First round West Germany Werder Bremen 1–3 2–0 3–3 (a)
1983–84 UEFA Cup First round England Nottingham Forest 0–1 0–2 0–3
1984–85 UEFA Cup First round Netherlands PSV 2–0 0–3 2–3
  1. ^ The second leg was scratched and Vorwärts Berlin were advanced to the first round as Linfield were unable to arrange an alternate venue after UK immigration officials refused to issue the Vorwärts team visas to enter the country.

See also

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References

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  1. ^ Voigt, Carola (27 November 2024). "Fußball-Trainer Sascha Kloß: Cheftrainer des 1. FC Frankfurt drückt die Schulbank". MOZ.de (in German). Retrieved 19 December 2024.
  2. ^ a b Eberhard, Hans (26 May 2012). "Fusion zum 1. FC Frankfurt perfekt". Märkische Oderzeitung (in German). Archived from the original on 30 January 2020. Retrieved 19 July 2012.
  3. ^ The Darth Vaders of East German Soccer: BFC Dynamo, Beyond The Last Man, 12 August 2016
  4. ^ a b Forward With Vorwärts Berlin, East Germany's Team Of The 60s – Part One, Beyond The Last Man, 15 April 2015
  5. ^ Müller, Ronny (18 December 2015). "Club der Bessergestellten". Sportbuzzer (in German). Hannover: Sportbuzzer GmbH. Archived from the original on 16 May 2022. Retrieved 13 April 2022.
  6. ^ a b c d e Hübner, Karl (2 August 2011). "Kuhhandel an der Cantianstraße". Berliner Zeitung (in German). Berlin: Berliner Verlag GmbH. Retrieved 26 July 2025.
  7. ^ Schwaß, Robert (14 August 2021). "Frankfurter DDR-Kicker feiern ihren Verein und alte Erfolge". www.rbb24.de (in German). Berlin: Rundfunk Berlin-Brandenburg. Retrieved 19 December 2021.
  8. ^ Wenzke, Rüdiger (2013). Ulbrichts Soldaten: Die Nationale Volksarmee 1956 bis 1971 (1st ed.). Berlin: Ch. Links Verlag GmbH. p. 646. ISBN 978-3-86284-206-3.
  9. ^ Teichler, Hans Joachim (4 May 2006). "Fußball in der DDR". bpb.de (in German). Bonn: Federal Agency for Civic Education. Retrieved 10 October 2020. Letztlich landen alle Spekulationen immer wieder bei MfS-Chef Erich Mielke, der den Verteidigungsminister Heinz Hoffmann irgendwie überzeugt haben musste, dass zwei Clubs der "bewaffneten Organe" in Berlin zuviel waren.
  10. ^ Mike, Dennis; Grix, Jonathan (2012). Sport under Communism – Behind the East German 'Miracle' (1st ed.). Hampshire: Palgrave Macmillan (Macmillan Publishers Limited). pp. 138–139. ISBN 978-0-230-22784-2.
  11. ^ Bär, Sören (23 July 2025). "Feste feiern". Junge Welt (in German). Berlin: Linke Presse Verlags- Förderungs- und Beteiligungsgenossenschaft junge Welt e.G. Retrieved 24 July 2025. Doch im Rahmen des Umzugs des ASK nach Frankfurt (Oder) 1971 wurde auch der FC Vorwärts in die Grenzstadt delegiert.
  12. ^ a b Ritter, Andreas (January 2002). Written at Berlin. Wandlungen in der Steuerung des DDR-Hochleistungssports in der 1960 und 1970 Jahren (PDF) (PhD) (in German). Potsdam: University of Potsdam. p. 231. ISBN 3935024614. Retrieved 2 March 2022. Der auf dem Territorium des Bezirkes Frankfurt (Oder) stationierte ASK Vorwärts Berlin ist unter dem Namen ASK Vorwärts Frankfurt (Oder) schrittweise in die Bezirkshauptstadt zu verlegen. Der Sportklub SC Frankfurt (Oder) ist aufzulösen.
  13. ^ a b Ritter, Andreas (January 2002). Written at Berlin. Wandlungen in der Steuerung des DDR-Hochleistungssports in der 1960 und 1970 Jahren (PDF) (PhD) (in German). Potsdam: University of Potsdam. p. 15. ISBN 3935024614. Retrieved 2 March 2022.
  14. ^ a b Forward With Vorwärts Berlin, East Germany's Team Of The 60s – Part Two, Beyond The Last Man, 21 April 2015

Explanatory notes

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  1. ^ German journalist Karl Hübner points out that other National People's Army units remained in East Berlin, such as the Military District Command and the Music and Dance Ensemble, a fact which he believes supports the theory that the Four Power Agreement was just a pretext to conceal the horse trading behind the relocation.[6]
  2. ^ The formal name of the Competitive Sports Resolution was "The further development of competitive sport up to the 1972 Olympic Games" (Die weitere Entwicklung des Leistungssports bis zu den Olympischen Spielen 1972).[13]
[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to ZSK Vorwärts Berlin.
Wikimedia Commons has media related to ASK Vorwärts Berlin.
Wikimedia Commons has media related to FC Vorwärts Berlin.
Wikimedia Commons has media related to FC Vorwärts Frankfurt.
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