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C/1955 N1 (Bakharev–Macfarlane–Krienke)

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C/1955 N1
(Bakharev–Macfarlane–Krienke)
Comet B–M–K photographed by Paolo Maffei from Italy on 25 July 1955.[1]
Discovery[3][4]
Discovered by
Discovery siteStalinabad, Tajik SSR
Seattle, USA
Discovery date13–14 July 1955
Designations
1955 IV, 1955f[5]
Orbital characteristics[6]
Epoch16 August 1955 (JD 2435335.5)
Observation arc132 days
Number of
observations		28
Aphelion~500 AU
Perihelion1.427 AU
Semi-major axis~250 AU
Eccentricity0.99425
Orbital period~3,900 years
Inclination50.034°
303.47°
Argument of
periapsis		13.216°
Mean anomaly0.009°
Last perihelion11 July 1955
TJupiter0.879
Earth MOID0.426 AU
Jupiter MOID3.195 AU
Physical characteristics[7][8]
(B–V) = +0.67
(U–B) = –0.52
Comet total
magnitude (M1)		4.79
7.8
(1955 apparition)

Comet Bakharev–Macfarlane–Krienke, formally designated as C/1955 N1, is a non-periodic comet that was observed from July to November 1955. It was discovered independently by three astronomers, Anatoly M. Bakharev, Lewis Macfarlane and Ora “Karl” Krienke, Jr.

Observational history

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The comet was already on its outbound trajectory when it was first discovered by Anatoly M. Bakharev on the night of 13 July 1955.[3] It was independently discovered by Lewis Macfarlane and Ora "Karl" Krienke, Jr about 17 hours later on 14 July 1955, where they immediately found out that their comet is the same object as Bakharev's earlier find.[4] At the time, the comet was an 8th-magnitude object within the constellation Pegasus.[a]

Between 17 and 22 July 1955, Kenneth M. Yoss made the first spectroscopic observations of the comet using the 24–36 inch Schmidt telescope at the University of Michigan, where he measured the gas emissions within its coma and compared it with that of 24P/Schaumasse, C/1953 T1 (Abell), and C/1955 L1 (Mrkos).[9] Eric Mervyn Lindsay captured 14 photographic plates of the comet between 15 July and 12 August 1955.[10] Photoelectric observations were also conducted at the Mount Wilson Observatory between 28 July and 2 August 1955, obtaining its color indices.[7]

The comet was last seen on 25 November 1955 by Elizabeth Roemer as a 17th-magnitude object within the constellation Cepheus.[b] She and Hamilton Jeffers later attempted to find the comet between February and March 1956 but they failed to locate it.[8]

References

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Notes

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  1. ^ Reported initial position upon discovery was: α = 22h 50.7m , δ = 20° 25′[8]
  2. ^ Positions upon final observation was: α = 21h 06.4m , δ = 56° 28′[8]

Citations

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  1. ^ P. Maffei (1961). "Osservazioni di Comete. Nota III: Osservazioni fotografiche delle comete 1948g, 1955e, 1955f, 1955g, 1958a". Memorie della Società Astronomia Italiana (in Italian). 32: 113–134. Bibcode:1961MmSAI..32..113M.
  2. ^ a b "Science: Through the Looking Glass". Time. 1 August 1955.
  3. ^ a b A. M. Bakharev (16 July 1955). M. Rudkjøbing (ed.). "New Comet Bakharev (1955f)". IAU Circular. 1507 (1).
  4. ^ a b L. Macfarlane; K. Krienke (18 July 1955). M. Rudkjøbing (ed.). "Comet Bakharev–Macfarlane–Krienke (1955f)". IAU Circular. 1508 (4).
  5. ^ "Comet Names and Designations". International Comet Quarterly. Retrieved 13 July 2025.
  6. ^ "C/1955 N1 (Bakharev–Macfarlane–Krienke) – JPL Small-Body Database Lookup". ssd.jpl.nasa.gov. Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Retrieved 12 July 2025.
  7. ^ a b M. F. Walker (1958). "Observations of Comets Bakharev–MacFarlane–Krienke (1955f), and Baade (1954h)". Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific. 70 (413): 191–196. Bibcode:1958PASP...70..191W. doi:10.1086/127206. JSTOR 40676893.
  8. ^ a b c d G. W. Kronk (2009). Cometography: A Catalog of Comets. Vol. 4: 1933–1959. Cambridge University Press. pp. 480–484. ISBN 978-0-521-58507-1.
  9. ^ K. M. Yoss (1955). "The Spectrum of Comet Bakharev (1955f)". Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific. 67 (399): 407–411. Bibcode:1955PASP...67..407Y. doi:10.1086/126856. JSTOR 40672969.
  10. ^ E. M. Lindsay (1955). "Comets Mrkos (1955e), Bakharev–Macfarlane–Krienke (1955f), and Honda (1955g)". Irish Astronomical Journal. 3 (7): 201. Bibcode:1955IrAJ....3..201L.
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