Brachymystax tsinlingensis
| Brachymystax tsinlingensis | |
|---|---|
Scientific classification 
| |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Actinopterygii |
| Order: | Salmoniformes |
| Family: | Salmonidae |
| Genus: | Brachymystax |
| Species: | B. tsinlingensis
|
| Binomial name | |
| Brachymystax tsinlingensis Li, 1966
| |
| Synonyms | |
|
Brachymystax lenok tsinlingensis Li, 1966 | |
Brachymystax tsinlingensis, also known as the Qinling lenok,[1] is a species of salmonid.
Taxonomy
[edit]Brachymystax tsinlingensis was originally described as a subspecies of B. lenok being B. l. tsinlingensis by Li Sizhong, being differentiated by lower counts of rakers etc.[2] But with the author only referencing two specimens, it was later synonymized in 1984 with B. l. lenok. However, in 2015, a study revised the taxonomy and not only revived it but upgraded it to species status.[2]
Brachymystax tsinlingensis has been show to yield high genetic diverstiy.[3]
The specific name tsinlingensis is derived from its native range in the Qingling mountains.[2]
Description
[edit]Brachymystax tsinlingensis has an elongated body, a compressed caudal peduncle, blunt head, large rounded eyes, a short anterior nostril, a large gill opening, and the body being brown with a white belly with black spots dotted around.[2] It can be distinguished with other species, with lack of spots on the operculum, 15 to 20 gill rakers, 98 to 116 lateral-line scales and 60 to 71 pyloric caeca.[2] The eggs are measured 1 to 1.5mm in diameter.[1]
Habitat and ecology
[edit]This species lives in the cold-water rivers of Qinling mountains in China, and South Korea.[4][1][2] It lives in mountainous rivers up to 900 to 2300m, and prefers shallow swift streams or deep pools.[1][2]
Brachymystax tsinlingensis reaches sexual maturity in under 2 years.[1] During breeding season which occurs in February and March, B.tsinlingensis spawn in shallow streams under 10 °C.[1][2] When under heat stress, the species goes under apotosis and ferroptosis, which may allow it to survive.[5] B. tsinlingensis feeds on insects including, ladybugs and gadbees, as well as small fish.[1]
Conservation
[edit]The population of Brachymystax tsinlingensis has decreased due to environmental pressures, human activities, and overfishing.[1] In 1997 in Xushui river, there were an estimated 50,000 individuals.[1] The species occurs in various protected areas such as some in Heihe River region.[1] Captive breeding of this species has also proven to be successful.[1]
References
[edit]- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k Zhao, Yahui; Zhang, Chunguang (2009-09-01). "Threatened fishes of the world: Brachymystax lenok tsinlingensis Li, 1966 (Salmonidae)". Environmental Biology of Fishes. 86 (1): 11–12. Bibcode:2009EnvBF..86...11Z. doi:10.1007/s10641-008-9337-7. ISSN 1573-5133.
- ^ a b c d e f g h Xing, Ying-Chun; Lv, Bin-Bin; Ye, En-Qi; Fan, En-Yuan; Li, Shi-Yang; Wang, Li-Xin; Zhang, Chun-Guang; Zhao, Ya-Hui (2015-05-22). "Revalidation and redescription of Brachymystax tsinlingensis Li, 1966 (Salmoniformes: Salmonidae) from China". Zootaxa. 3962 (1): 191–205. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.3962.1.12. ISSN 1175-5334. PMID 26249386.
- ^ Liu, Haixia; and Wei, Qiwei (2015-07-04). "Phylogeographic structure of Brachymystax lenok tsinlingensis (Salmonidae) populations in the Qinling Mountains, Shaanxi, based on mtDNA control region". Mitochondrial DNA. 26 (4): 532–537. doi:10.3109/19401736.2013.865168. ISSN 1940-1736. PMID 24409920.
{{cite journal}}:|first2=missing|last2=(help);|first3=missing|last3=(help);|first4=missing|last4=(help);|first5=missing|last5=(help);|first6=missing|last6=(help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ Lim, Dohun; Lee, Yoonjin (December 2019). "Fish fauna and the population of a Korean endangered freshwater fish, Brachymystax lenok tsinlingensis, in Korea: Bonghwa Habitat". Environmental Engineering Research. 24 (4): 638–645. Bibcode:2019EnEnR..24..638L. doi:10.4491/eer.2018.353. ISSN 1226-1025.
- ^ Wang, Zhenlu; Ye, Huan; Liu, Peng; Lin, Shaoqing; Wang, Yizhou; Zhou, Qiong; Jiang, Haibo; Shao, Jian (2025-01-01). "Surviving the heat: The homeostatic regulation mechanism of endangered Brachymystax tsinlingensis". Journal of Thermal Biology. 127: 104023. Bibcode:2025JTBio.12704023W. doi:10.1016/j.jtherbio.2024.104023. ISSN 0306-4565. PMID 39675121.
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