Indian hare
| Indian hare | |
|---|---|
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Scientific classification 
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| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Mammalia |
| Order: | Lagomorpha |
| Family: | Leporidae |
| Genus: | Lepus |
| Species: | L. nigricollis[1]
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| Binomial name | |
| Lepus nigricollis[1] F. Cuvier, 1823
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| Indian hare range (green – native, red – introduced, dark grey – origin uncertain) | |
The Indian hare (Lepus nigricollis), also known as the black-naped hare, is a common species of hare native to the Indian subcontinent,[3] and Java. Its habitat in Java is in rocky highlands.
Description
[edit]The Indian hare is of medium size compared to other hares. Towards the southern parts of its range, individuals are notably larger. Its fur color is a mix of black and rufous, with the rufous color being especially present on the legs and breast of the hare. The hare's underside, including that of its tail, is white. The tail is brown on top. It has a head and body length of 33 to 53 cm (13 to 21 in), 8 to 12 cm (3.1 to 4.7 in)-long ears, large, well-furred hind feet that measure from 8.5 to 11.5 cm (3.3 to 4.5 in), and a rather long tail of about 6.4 centimetres (2.5 in). Adults can weigh up to 3.6 kg (7.9 lb), and may weigh as little as 1.8 kg (4.0 lb).[4]
The subspecies of Indian hare may display some distinguishing features. The nominate subspecies, L. n. nigricollis, has a black rather than brown tail, and the back of its neck has a distinctive black patch of fur. The fur of L. n. dayanus is paler, tending towards yellow. L. n. ruficaudatus is very similar to L. n. nigricollis, but the tail and neck patch are rufous and dark brown rather than black.[4]
Distribution and habitat
[edit]The Indian hare inhabits open grassy areas, cultivated plains, semi-arid and arid plains, and hills throughout the Indian subcontinent and Sri Lanka.[citation needed]
Behaviour and ecology
[edit]Its activity pattern has been defined as crepuscular and nocturnal.[citation needed]
Introductions
[edit]
It has been introduced to Madagascar, Comoro Islands, Andaman Islands, Western New Guinea, Papua New Guinea, Seychelles, Mayotte, Mauritius and Réunion.[5]
Taxonomy
[edit]There are seven recognized subspecies of Indian hare.
- Lepus nigricollis aryabertensis
- Lepus nigricollis dayanus
- Lepus nigricollis nigricollis
- Lepus nigricollis ruficaudatus
- Lepus nigricollis sadiya
- Lepus nigricollis simcoxi
- Lepus nigricollis singhala
References
[edit]- ^ Hoffmann, R.S.; Smith, A.T. (2005). "Order Lagomorpha". In Wilson, D.E.; Reeder, D.M (eds.). Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed.). Johns Hopkins University Press. p. 201. ISBN 978-0-8018-8221-0. OCLC 62265494.
- ^ Nameer, P.O. & Smith, A.T. (2019). "Lepus nigricollis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2019: e.T41282A45188041. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-1.RLTS.T41282A45188041.en. Retrieved 18 February 2022.
- ^ Suchentrunk, F & Mihajla Davidovic (2004). "Evaluation of the classification of Indian hares (Lepus nigricollis) into the genus Indolagus Gureev, 1953 (Leporidae, Lagomorpha)" (PDF). Mammalian Biology. 69 (1): 46–57. Bibcode:2004MamBi..69...46S. doi:10.1078/1616-5047-115. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2016-03-03. Retrieved 2006-06-12.
- ^ a b Molur, Sanjay; Nameer, P. O. (2018). "Lepus nigricollis (F. Cuvier, 1823) Indian hare". In Smith, Andrew T.; Johnston, Charlotte H.; Alves, Paulo C.; Hackländer, Klaus (eds.). Lagomorphs: Pikas, Rabbits, and Hares of the World. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. p. 201. doi:10.1353/book.57193. ISBN 978-1-4214-2341-8. LCCN 2017004268.
- ^ Long, J.L. (2003). Introduced Mammals of the World: Their History, Distribution and Influence. Cambridge: Cabi Publishing. doi:10.1071/9780643090156. ISBN 9780851997483.