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Roman Catholic Diocese of Lodève

Coordinates: 43°44′N 3°19′E / 43.73°N 3.32°E / 43.73; 3.32
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Lodève Cathedral
Former cathedral of Saint-Fulcran

The Bishopric of Lodève is a former Roman Catholic diocese in southern France. Its episcopal see was located in Lodève, in the modern department of Hérault. It was a suffragan diocese in the ecclesiastical province of Narbonne.[1] In 1790, the diocese was suppressed by the National Constituent Assembly, and in 1801 by Pope Pius VII. Its territory is now part of the archdiocese of Montpellier.

The seat of the bishop was in the cathedral of Saint Genesius (Saint Genès), dedicated in 975.[2]


History

[edit]

A local tradition, found in the 14th century, has made Florus of Lodève the first bishop of Lodève, and relates that as a disciple of St. Peter, he afterwards evangelized Haute-Auvergne and died in the present village of Saint-Flour. The legend is without foundation and unworthy of credit.[3]

Bishops of Lodève are believed to have existed since 421.[4] The first bishop known by name is Maternus, who was present at the Council of Agde in 506.[5] The bishops of Lodève possessed the title of Comte de Montbrun. All the nobles in the diocese were his vassals and owed him an oath of fidelity.[6]

Among the bishops of Lodève are: George of Lodève [fr] (863–884), who had been a Benedictine monk of Conques and then of Vabres, was granted the royalties (teloneum) of the city of Lodève by Charles the Bald.[7] St. Fulcran (949–1006) in 975 dedicated the cathedral of St. Genès and founded the Abbey of St. Sauveur;[8] The brothers Guillaume Briçonnet (1489–1516)[9] and Denis Briçonnet (1516–1520).[10] were sons of Cardinal Guillaume Briçonnet, who had been the principal minister of state of King Charles VIII of France; both father and sons participated in the false council of Pisa in 1511, against Pope Julius II.

In 1210, King Philip II confirmed the possessions and rights of the Church of Lodève, and granted the bishops full temporal and ecclesiastical jurisdiction.[11] On 13 May 1302, King Philip IV confirmed the complete jurisdiction temporal and ecclesiastical, of the bishops of Lodève over the diocese of Lodève.[12]

The Dominican inquisitor and historian, Bernard Gui (1324–1331), who had been Bishop of Tuy (Spain), was appointed Bishop of Lodève by Pope John XXII on 20 July 1324.[13] He made his ceremonial entry on 15 October, the feast day of the dedication of the cathedral.[14] He had notaries compile four volumes of the old documents concerning feudal grants and other privileges of the bishops; another volume entitled Registrum privilegiorum et ecclesiarum episcopatus Lodovensis; and a Cronica de episcopis Lodovensibus.[15]

Chapter and Cathedral

[edit]

The cathedral of Saint Genesius was served and administered by a corporation called the Chapter, consisting of thirteen canons, including the dignities of archdeacon, sacristan, precentor, and archpriest.[16] In May 1336, Bishop Bernard Gui(donis) changed the dignity of archpriest into the office of archpriest and vicar general, with the care of souls, though still retaining his place in the choir and his vote in the Chapter.[17] In 1625, there were three dignities and nine canons.[18] In 1690 and in 1750, three dignities and twelve canons are recorded.[19] Bishop Pierre de la Treille (1430–1441) and the Chapter agreed on a set of statutes for the Chapter in 1440.[20]

In 1573, the cathedral was invaded by Huguenots, and the body of Bishop Fulcran was removed from its tomb in the chapel of S. Michel in the bell tower, drug through the streets, and burned; what was left was thrown in the river. One of his hands, it was said, was rescued by faithful Catholics, and it was seen to work miracles.[21]

Bishop Christophe de Lestang

[edit]
Main article: French Wars of Religion
Main article: Catholic League (French)

Christophe de Lestang (L'Estaing), had been a page and then a protégé of Cardinal René de Birague, Chancellor of France since 1570. On 28 November 1580, at the age of 20, he was made bishop of Lodève by papal dispensation of Pope Gregory XIII. Lestang made it his mission to destroy the power of the Protestants in Languedoc, for which he was given an annual grant of 12,000 ecus by King Henry III. His work brought him into great favor with the Catholic League. In May 1582, he was ordered by Henry de Montmorency, Governor of Languedoc, to tear down the great tower of the episcopal palace, including the prisons which had been built by Bishop Bernard de Gui, because it raised disquiet both among Huguenots and Catholics; the keys to the city gates were to be held by a Calvinist and a Catholic. In 1583, King Henri III personally informed the bishop that Duke Henri was trying to draw Languedoc away from obedience to himself. Working with and receiving funding from the Duke de Joyeuse, Bishop Lestang levied troops for the defense of Lodève, Clermont and other strategic places, actions which enraged Montmorency. He besieged Lodève in September 1585, and the bishop was forced to arrange a negotiated withdrawal, leaving the city to the duke. The bishop lived sometimes at Toulouse, sometimes at Narbonne. In 1586, Henri III granted him the right to live in the episcopal palace in Carcassonne and to enjoy the revenues of that diocese. In 1591 he was sent by the Catholic League to Spain, to thank King Philip II for his assistance, and to request its continuation. He then presided over the Estates of Toulouse in 1591, in cooperation with the Duke de Joyeuse. He presided over the Estates of the League again in 1596. Lestang was transferred to the diocese of Alet on 5 September 1594, but refused the transfer and never took possession of that diocese; the nomination came from Henry IV, whose excommunication was not lifted until 17 September 1595.[22] Lestang's nephew, Pierre de Polverel, was appointed bishop of Alet on 19 February 1603.[23] Lestang was named bishop of Carcassonne on 26 May 1603. He died on 11 August 1621.[24]

Jansenists

[edit]

Lodève had no seminary in the 17th century. Bishop François de Bosquet (1648–1655) installed the Congregation de la Doctrine Chretienne[25] in the collège of Lodève, and sent candidates for the priesthood there, though there were courses neither in philosophy nor theology. Advanced priestly education could only be had in institutions in other dioceses, though the costs made this expedient difficult. Bishop Jean-Antoine de La Garde de Chambonas (1671–1690) had to organize monthly seminars in an effort to raise the quality of his clergy.[26]

Bishop de Bosquet also became heavily involved in the Jansenist controversy of the Five Propositions.[27] Pope Innocent X had written to his nuncio in Paris to have some bishops chosen who were conciliatory and well instructed. In 1653, Bosquet, who was a theologian and canonist,[28] and had been friendly to some of the Jansenists, was chosen by Cardinal Mazarin,[29] on the advice of Pierre de Marca, to travel to Rome and represent the ninety French bishops, who were seeking a resolution to the impasse between the Jansenist bishops and the Papacy. His first audience with Pope Innocent X took place on 2 January 1654. His ultimate successes in persuading the pope and the cardinal to agree, and the Jansenist bishops to submit to papal authority, brought him, on 4 June 1654, the title of Assistant at the Papal Throne.[30] He returned to France in September 1654.[31] On 10 July 1655, Bosquet was nominated by King Louis XIV (that is, by Cardinal Mazarin) to be Bishop of Montpellier; on 31 January 1656, Pope Innocent confirmed the appointment.[32]

Bosquet's successor, Roger de Harlay (1657–1669) was doubtless far more sympathetic to Jansenism than he had ever been.[33]

In 1698, the population of the diocese was approximately 26,700. In 1737, it was 28,364.[34] Protestants formed a small minority, in the south-east part of the diocese.[35]

French Revolution

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The National Constituent Assembly ordered the replacement of political subdivisions of the ancien régime with subdivisions called "departments", to be characterized by a single administrative city in the center of a compact area. The decree was passed on 22 December 1789, and the boundaries fixed on 26 February 1790, with the effective date of 4 March 1790.[36] A new department was created, called "Hérault", and its meeting center rotated among Montpellier, Béziers, Lodève, and Saint-Pons.[37]

The National Constituent Assembly then, on 6 February 1790, instructed its ecclesiastical committee to prepare a plan for the reorganization of the clergy. At the end of May, its work was presented as a draft Civil Constitution of the Clergy, which, after vigorous debate, was approved on 12 July 1790. There was to be one diocese in each department, a policy later adhered to by Napoleon.[38] Under the Civil Constitution of the Clergy, the seat of the Constitutional diocese of Hérault was fixed at Béziers, and the diocese of Lodève was consequently suppressed, its territory becoming part of the diocese of Hérault.[39]

The French Directory fell in the coup engineered by Talleyrand and Napoleon on 10 November 1799. The coup resulted in the establishment of the French Consulate, with Napoleon as the First Consul. To advance his aggressive military foreign policy, he decided to make peace with the Catholic Church in France and with the Papacy.[40] In the concordat of 1801 with Pope Pius VII, and in the enabling papal bull, "Qui Christi Domini", the constitutional diocese of Hérault and all the other dioceses in France, including the diocese of Lodève, were suppressed. This removed all the institutional contaminations and novelties introduced by the Constitutional Church, and voided all of the episcopal appointments of both authentic and constitutional bishops.[41] In the new ecclesiastical structure authorized by Pius VII, the departments of Hérault and Tarn were assigned to the restored diocese of Montpellier, and Montpellier was made a suffragan of the metropolitan archbishop of Toulouse.[42] Montpellier became an archdiocese on 8 December 2002.

A papal Brief of Pope Pius IX, of 16 June 1877, authorized the bishops of Montpellier to call themselves bishops of Montpellier, Béziers, Agde, Lodève, and Saint-Pons (Saint-Pons-de-Thomières), in memory of the suppressed suffragan dioceses whose territories had at one time or another been added to the archbishopric of Montpellier.

Bishops of Lodève

[edit]

To 1000

[edit]
[ Florus of Lodève ? ][43]
[ Ranulphus ? ] 492[44]
[Edibius ? 557 ][47]
[ Firmin 652 ][51]
  • Ansemundus 683[52]
  • [ 694 : Eugenius ? ][53]
  • [ 711 : Bernechaire ][54]
  • [ 769 : Michel][55]
[ Nebridius ? ][56]
  • Sisemond 817[57]
  • 824 :Sylvain
  • [ 840 : Radulphus ][58]
  • 844 :Tatila[59]
  • c. 863–c. 884 : George[60]
  • 884 : Macarius[61]
  • 906 : Antgiaire
  • ? : Rodulphus
  • 911–949 : Thierry[62]
  • 949–1006 ; Fulcran[63]

1000–1300

[edit]
  • 1006–1015 : Mainfroi[64]
  • c. 1033 : Odo[65]
  • 1042–1049 : Bernard[66]
  • (1050) : Bernard (II.)
  • 1054–ca. 1075 : Rostaing[67]
  • 1077–1099 : Bernard de Prévenchères[68]
  • 1100–1102 : Dieudonné de Caylus
  • 1102–1154 : Pierre de Raymond[69]
  • 1155–1161 : Pierre II. de Posquières
  • 1162–1182 : Gaucelin de Raymond de Montpeyroux
  • 1162–1201 : Raymond Guilhem Madières[70]
  • 1200–1207 : Pierre (III.) de Frottier
  • 1208–1238 : Pierre (IV.) de Lodève
  • 1237–1241 : Bertrand de Mornas
  • 1241–1259 : Guillaume de Cazouls[71]
  • 1259–1262 : Raymond (II.) de Bellin
  • 1263–1280 : Raymond (III.) d'Astolphe de Rocozels
  • 1280–1284 : Bérenger (I.) de Boussages
  • 1285–1290 : Bérenger (II.) de Guitard
  • 1290–1292 : Bernard (IV.) Poitevin
  • 1292–1296 : Gaucelin de la Garde
  • 1296–1302 : Ithier of Bordeaux, O.Min.[72]

1300–1500

[edit]
  • 1302–1312 : Dieudonné de Boussages[73]
  • [ 1313–1313 : Bernard de Guitard ][74]
  • 1313–1318 : Guillaume de Mandegot[75]
  • 1318–1322 : Jacques de Cabrerets de Coucots[76]
  • 1322–1324 : Jean de Tixerandrerie
  • 1324–1331 : Bernard Gui[77]
  • 1332–1348 : Bernard Dumas
  • 1348–1356 : Robert de la Vie
  • 1357–1361 : Gilbert de Montdragon
  • 1361–1370 : Aymeric d'Hugues
  • 1370–1371 : Gui de Malsec
  • 1371–1374 : Jean (II.) Gastel
  • 1374–1382 : Ferry Cassinel
  • 1382–1385 : Pierre Girard Avignon Obedience[78]
  • 1385–1392 : Clément de Grammont Avignon Obedience[79]
  • 1392–1398 : Guillaume (IV.) de Grimoard Avignon Obedience[80]
  • 1399–1413 : Jean de la Vergne Avignon Obedience
  • 1413–1430 : Micuel Le Boeuf
  • 1430–1441 : Pierre de la Treille
  • 1441–1450 : Jacques de Gaujac
  • 1450–1453 : Guillaume d'Estouteville[81]
  • 1462–1488 : Jean de Corguilleray
  • 1489–1516 : Guillaume Briçonnet

1500–suppression

[edit]
  • 1516–1520 : Denis Briçonnet[82]
  • 1520–1524 : René du Puy[83]
  • 1526–1528 : Jean Mattei Giberti
  • 1528–1529 : Laurent Toscan
  • 1537–1546 : Lélio des Ursins de Céri
  • 1546–1547 : Guido Ascanio Sforza, Cardinal, Administrator[84]
  • 1547–1558 : Dominique du Gabre[85]
  • 1558–1560 : Bernard del Bene
  • 1560–1561 : Michel Briçonnet
  • 1561–1566 : Claude Briçonnet
  • 1566–1569 : Pierre de Barrault
  • 1570–1573 : Alphonse Vercelli
  • 1573–1580 : René de Birague
  • 1580–1602 : Christophe de Lestang[86]
  • 1606–1611 : Gérard de Robin[87]
  • [1612–1622] : François de Lévis Ventadour, bishop-elect[88]
? Anne de Lévis-Ventadour (Administrator ?)
  • 1625–1651 : Jean Plantavit de la Pause[89]
  • 1648–1655 : François de Bosquet[90]
  • 1657–1669 : Roger de Harlay de Cési[91]
  • 1669–1671 : Jean-Armand de Rotundis de Biscarras[92]
  • 1671–1690 : Jean-Antoine de La Garde de Chambonas[93]
  • 1690–1732 : Jacques-Antoine de Phelypeaux[94]
  • 1732–1750 : Jean-Georges de Souillac[95]
  • 1750–1790 : Jean-Félix-Henri de Fumel[96]
1790 : [ Jean-Georges Gabriel de Levezou ][97]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Ritzler & Sefrin, Hierarchia catholica V, p. 246, note 1.
  2. ^ J. Rouquette, Cartulaire de l'église de Lodève: Livre Vert, (in French and Latin), (Montpellier: Rouquette 1923), p. 4. Constant Blaquière, Histoire de l'ancien diocèse de Lodève (XVIIe et XVIIIe siècles) d'après les visites pastorales, (in French), (Montpellier: L. Valat, 1913), p. 67.
  3. ^ Fisquet, pp. 293-295.
  4. ^ Duchesne, p. 313.
  5. ^ Duchesne, p. 314, no. 1.
  6. ^ Fisquet, p. 290.
  7. ^ Fisquet, p. 303.
  8. ^ Fulcran's life was written by Bernard Gui. Fisquet, p. 385.
  9. ^ Fisquet, [pp. 413-420].
  10. ^ Fisquet, pp. 420-421
  11. ^ Gallia christiana VI, "Instrumenta," p. 284.
  12. ^ Fisquet, p. 369.
  13. ^ Eubel, Hierarchia catholica I, pp. 310, 501.
  14. ^ Rouquette, p. 33: "Dominus Bernardus Guidonis, ordinis Predicatorum, fuit translatus de Tudensi Ecclesia ad Ecclesiam Lodovensem, et successit prefato Johanni, et receptus a dominis canonicis, et clero et populo rocessionaliter, ut moris est, nonis Octobris, dominica die qua festum Dedicationis cathedralis ecclesiae agebatur, anno M.III.XXIII (sic!).
  15. ^ Rouquette, pp. 55-56. He also wrote books on the popes and the Inquisition.
  16. ^ Rouquette, p. 4.
  17. ^ Rouquette, pp. 74-75.
  18. ^ Gauchat, Hierarchia catholica IV, p. 223, note 1.
  19. ^ Ritzler & Sefrin, Hierarchia catholica V, p. 246, note 1; VI, p. 264, note 1.
  20. ^ Roquette, pp. 120-129.
  21. ^ Fisquet, p. 315.
  22. ^ Fisquet, pp. 446.
  23. ^ Pierre died in Rome on 20 August 1603, and his brother Étienne de Polverel was appointed in his place in 1607. Fisquet, p. 445. Eubel III, p. 181 with notes 3 & 4.
  24. ^ Fisquet, pp. 445-450. Eubel III, pp. 191 with note 12; 227; Gauchat, Hierarchia catholica IV, p. 134 with note 3.
  25. ^ The Congregation de la Doctrine Chretienne was involved in spreading Jansenist teachings, and Bishop de Bosquet is both faulted for his patronage of the members of the Congregation, and congratulated on his moderation. Émile Appolis, Le jansénisme dans le diocèse de Lodève au XVIIIe siècle (Albi: Imprimerie cooperative du Sud-ouest 1952), p. 7.
  26. ^ Émile Appolis, Le jansénisme..., p. 6.
  27. ^ Joseph Bergin (2004), Crown, Church, and Episcopate Under Louis XIV (New Haven CT USA: Yale University Press 2004), pp. 394-423.
  28. ^ Bosquet was a doctor in utroque iure at the age of 17, and became a royal judge in Narbonne at the age of 29; he had acquired a knowledge of Hebrew, and was the author of five books. Honoré Fisquet, La France pontificale (Gallia Christiana): Montpellier, (in French), Volume 1 (Paris: Etienne Repos, 1864), pp. 249-253 .
  29. ^ Paule Jansen, Le Cardinal Mazarin Et Le Mouvement Janseniste Francais (Paris: Vrin, 1967), pp. 56-57; 64-67.
  30. ^ Fisquet, p. 250.
  31. ^ Paul-Émile Henry, Francois Bosquet intendant de Guyenne et de Languedoc évêque de Lodève et de Montpellier: étude sur une administration civile et ecclésiastique au XVIIe siècle, (in French) (Cristin-Serre, 1889) pp. 364-403, esp. p. 368-369.
  32. ^ Gauchat, Hierarchia catholica IV, p. 248 with note 5.
  33. ^ Appolis, Le jansénisme..., p. 8.
  34. ^ Émile Appolis, p. 5.
  35. ^ Appolis, pp. 5-6. >Émile Appolis, "Les protestants dans le diocèse de Lodève dans 1659," (in French), in: Bulletin philologique et historique (1936-1937), pp. 93-99.
  36. ^ Pisani, pp. 10-11.
  37. ^ J. B. Duvergier, Collection complète des lois, décrets, ordonnances, règlemens avis du Conseil d'état, (in French), Volume 1 (Paris: A. Guyot et Scribe, 1834), p. 106, col. 1: "33. HÉRAULT.- La première assemblée de ce département se tiendra à Montpellier, et alternera entre Béziers, Lodève, Saint-Pons et Montpellier. Ce département est divisé en quatre districts, dont les chefs-lieux sont: Montpellier, Béziers, Lodève, Saint-Pons."
  38. ^ "Civil Constitution," Title I, "Article 1. Chaque département formera un seul diocèse, et chaque diocèse aura la même étendue et les mêmes limites que le département."
  39. ^ Duvergier, Vol. 1, p. 242, column 2.
  40. ^ Hippolyte Taine, The Origins of Contemporary France. The Modern Régime, Volume 1 (H. Holt, 1890), p. 153.
  41. ^ J.B. Duvergier (ed.), Collection complète des lois, décrets, ordonnances, réglemens et avis du Conseil d'état, (in French and Latin), Volume 13 (Paris: A. Guyot et Scribe, 1826), pp. 371-372, col. 2: "L'archevêché de Narbonne et ses suffragans, les évêchés de Beziers, Agde, Nimes, Carcassonne, Montpellier, Lodève, Uzès, Saint-Pons, Alet, Alais et Elne ou Perpignan."
  42. ^ Duvergier, vol. 13, pp. 384-385.
  43. ^ The name of Florus is first mentioned in the 14th century. Duchesne, p. 313, note 7.
  44. ^ A bishop was consecrated in 492, but his name is unknown. Duchesne, p. 313.
  45. ^ Maternus: Duchesne, p. 314, no. 1. Charles Munier, Concilia Galliae, A. 314 - A. 506, (in Latin), (Turnholt: Brepols 1963), p. 213: "Maternus in Christi nomen episcopus ciuitatis Luteuensis subscripsi."
  46. ^ Bishop Deuterius took part in the council of Auvergne (Arvernense) on 8 November 535. Duchesne, p. 314, no. 2. Charles De Clercq, Concilia Galliae, A. 511 - A. 695, (in Latin), (Turnholt: Brepols 1963), p. 111: "Deuterius in Christi nomine episcopus ecclesiae Lutiuae subscripsi."
  47. ^ Fisquet, p. p. 296-297: "Il est vrai qu'un Édibe a souscrit les actes du troisième concile de Paris, en y apposant sa signature , en 557 et non en 559 , mais rien ne prouve qu'il fût évêque de Lodève, ni même qu'il fût évêque de quelque autre ville." He is omitted by Duchesne.
  48. ^ Agrippinus: Fisquet, p. 297. Duchesne, p. 314, no. 3.
  49. ^ Leontius is known from a decree of the Visigothic King Gondemar in 610. Fisquet, p. 297. Duchesne, p. 314, no. 4.
  50. ^ Bishop Anatolius attended the councils of Toledo in 633 and 638. Fisquet, pp. 297-298. Duchesne, p. 314, no. 5.
  51. ^ Firmin is omitted by Duchesne. Fisquet, p. 298.
  52. ^ Bishop Ansemundus attended the council of Toledo in 683. Fisquet, pp. 298-299. Duchesne, p. 314, no. 6.
  53. ^ There is no evidence to support the claim. Fisquet, p. 299.
  54. ^ Bernechaire is said, By Bernard Gui and then by Plantavit, to have been a chaplain of Dagobert II (Dagobert III is meant, probably), who made him bishop of Lodève in 711. He was then transferred to the diocese of Paris. But there was no bishop of Paris named Bernechaire. Fisquet, p. 299.
  55. ^ One document allegedly from Pope Stephen IV referring to Bishop Michel in a summons to a Roman council is a forgery. The claim that he was at the council of Narbonne in 791 is unsubstantiated. Gallia christiana VI, p. 529. Fisquet, pp. 299-300.
  56. ^ Fisquet, p. 300: "Nébride n'est nommé ni dans les chartes de fondation du monastère de Gellone, en 804, ni dans la vie de saint Guillaume par Mabillon, ni dans l'Histoire des comtes de Toulouse, par Catel: chapitre 6, liyre I. Voilà encore cinq noms à retrancher de la liste de Plantavit de la Pauze."
  57. ^ Bishop Sisemundus is mentioned in a diploma of Louis the Pious on 19 May 817. Fisquet, pp. 301-302. Duchesne, p. 314, no. 7.
  58. ^ The evidence offered by Bernard Gui to support the existence of Raoul (Radulfus) contains several unlikelihoods or impossibilities. Fisquet, p. 301.
  59. ^ Bishop Tatila is mentioned in a diploma of Charles the Bald of 28 May 844. Fisquet, p. 302. Duchesne, p. 314, no. 8.
  60. ^ George was Benedictine monk, who is known to have contributed in 861 for the foundation of l'abbaye de Vabres, by Raymond I, comte de Toulouse et de Rouergue. Fisquet, p. 303-304. Duchesne, p. 314, no. 9.
  61. ^ Macarius was already bishop on 15 August 885, when he was unable to participate in the consecration of Archbishop Theodard of Narbonne. He took part in the council of Narbonne, held at Notre-Dame du Port on 17 November 886. J.D. Mansi (ed.), Sacrorum Conciliorum nova et amplissima collectio, editio novissima (in Latin) Vol. 18 (Venice: A. Zatta 1770), pp. 43-46. Fisquet, p. 304. Duchesne, p. 314, no. 10.
  62. ^ Bishop Thierry participated in a church council held at Fontcouverte in the diocese of Narbonne in 911. In 940 he subscribed a charter of Archbishop Aimeric of Narbonne. He died on 3 (or 7) January 949, according to the Necrology of Lodève. Fisquet, pp. 306-307.
  63. ^ Bishop Fulcran died on 10 FebruARY 1006. Ioannes Bollandus, Acta Sanctorum. Februarius, (in Latin) Tomus 2 (Antwerp: Jacobus Mersius 1658), pp. 710-717 (Life, by Bernard Gui). Fisquet, pp. 307-318.
  64. ^ Manfred (Matfred, Macfred) had already been Bishop of Béziers since c. 990. He was mentioned in the will of Bishop Fulcrad of Lodève. He is treated as an usurper by Plantavit and Bernard Guidonis. Briçonnet, however, admits him to the list of bishops. Either he held two bishoprics at the same time, or he was an Administrator of Lodève. Fisquet, pp. 33-35; and pp. 318-319, who is severely critical of the fantasies of Plantavit in his work on the bishops of Lodève.
  65. ^ Odombellus (Odo Bellus, Odoimbel, Olimbel)) subscribed to the decrees of the council of Narbonne, held (according to Mansi) in 1033. J.D. Mansi, Sacrorum Conciliorum nova et amplissima collectio, editio novissima (in Latin), Volume 19 (Venice: A. Zatta 1777), p. 556. Fisquet, p. 319. Plantavit wrote (pp. 75-76): "est autem solo nomine, solaque Brissoneti Nomenclatura notus ["He is known however by name alone, from the Nomenclatura of Briçonnet."].
  66. ^ Bishop Bernard (I.) attended the council of Narbonne on 4 September 1042, another on 17 March 1043, and yet another council of Narbonne on 1 August 1043. According to the Necrology of the church of Lodève, he died in 1049. Gallia christiana VI, pp. 34, 534. J.D. Mansi, Sacrorum Conciliorum nova et amplissima collectio vol. 19, pp. 602, 604. Fisquet, p. 320. Gallia christiana places the first of those councils in 1041, but Mansi (p. 843) records the coouncil under 1056. An additional note in Mansi (p. 845) shows that the date of 1056 is impossible.
  67. ^ Bishop Rostaing took part in the council of Narbonne on 25 August 1054. In 1066, he visited Rome, and obtained various privileges from Pope Alexander II (1061–1073). Mansi, vol. 19, p. 827. Fisquet, p. 321-322.
  68. ^ Bernard (III.) de Prévenchères
  69. ^ Pierre (I) de Raymond: Fisquet, pp. 324-328.
  70. ^ Raymond (I.) Guilhem Madières: Fisquet, pp. 335-338.
  71. ^ Guillaume (I) de Cazouls was elected bishop in 1241, and consecrated before 24 April 1242 by Bishop Christianus of Agde. In 1244, he was assigned the task by Pope Innocent IV of determining whether Count Raymond VI of Toulouse had died a Catholic or an Albigensian. He died on 23 October 1259. Fisquet, pp. 355-362. Eubel I, p. 309.
  72. ^ Due to the transfer of Bishop Gaucelin to the diocese of Maguelonne, the vacancy at Lodève was filled directly by Pope Boniface VIII on 17 December 1296. Bishop Itier died in Bordeaux on 29 June 1302. A. Thomas, M. Faucon & G. Digard, Les registres de Boniface VIII (in Latin) Volume 1 (Paris: E. de Boccard 1907), p. 553, no. 1520. Fisquet, pp. 368-370. Eubel I, p. 309.
  73. ^ Dieudonné (Deodatus): Fisquet, pp. 370-372.
  74. ^ Bernard was the nephew of Bishop Béranger de Guitard (1285–1290). Bishop Bernard (V.) de Guitard granted a privilege on 4 March 1313. He died on 12 September 1313. Fisquet, pp. 373-374. Cf. Eubel I, p. 309, note 3.
  75. ^ Pope Clement V had reserved to the Holy See the right to appoint the next bishop of Lodève. Following the death of Bishop Deodatus (Dieudonné), on 5 March 1313 he appointed Guillaume du Puy (de Mandegot), the Sacristan in the cathedral Chapter of Nîmes as the next bishop. The pope seems to have ignored the episcopacy of Bernard de Guitard. Bishop Guillaume de Mandagot was transferred to the diocese of Uzès on 14 Februry 1318, by Pope John XXII. He died in 1344. G. Mollat and G. De Lesquen, Jean XXII: Lettres communes, vol. 2 (Paris: Fontemoing 1905), p. 72, no. 6282. Cf. Fisquet, p. 374. Eubel I, pp. 309-310 with note 3, 511.
  76. ^ Jacques de Coucots was appointed on 14 Februry 1318, by Pope John XXII. He was transferred to the diocese of Aix on 9 July 1322. Eubel I, pp. 96, 310.
  77. ^ Bernard VI. de la Guionie (i.e. Bernard Gui) Fisquet, pp. 380-386.
  78. ^ Pierre (V) held a licenciate in law and was Provost of Marseille. He was appointed by Pope Clement VII on 17 October 1382. He was transferred to the diocese of L Puy (Aniciensis) on 17 July 1385. He was named a cardinal priest (of S. Pietro in vincoli) on 17 October 1390, and Suburbicarian Bishop of Tusculum in 1405. He died on 9 November 1415. Eubel I, pp. 28, no. 32; 91; 310.
  79. ^ Clement was Auditor General and Chamberlain of Pope Clement VII in Avignon. He was appointed bishop of Lodève on 18 August 1385. Bishop Clement died on 28 May 1392. Fisquet, pp. 398-399. Eubel I, p. 310 with note 9.
  80. ^ Grimoard died on 28 April 1398. Fisquet, pp. 399-400. Eubel I, p. 310
  81. ^ Estouteville had been named a cardinal by Pope Eugenius IV on 18 December 1439. His elder brother Louis was Grand Bouteiller of France, and his maternal uncle Louis d'Harcourt had been archbishop of Rouen (1406–1422). He was appointed bishop of Lodève on 7 January 1450. On 27 January 1453, Guillaume was named bishop of Saint-Jean de Maurienne by Pope Nicholas V, and on 30 April 1453, he was appointed Archbishop of Rouen. Fisquet, pp. 404-410. Eubel II, pp. 8, no. 18; 179; 225.
  82. ^ Denis Briçonnet had been Bishop of Saint-Malo (1514–1534). He was appointed bishop of Lodève on 23 September 1519 by Pope Leo X, and allowed to keep the diocese of St.-Malo. He exchanged the diocese of Lodève with René du Puy for the abbey of Cormery which was approved by Leo X on 5 December 1520. Fisquet, pp. 420-421. Eubel III, p. 227 with note 3; 231 with note 3.
  83. ^ Du Puy was the Abbot of Cormery and Prior of Saint-Marie de Pommiers. His appointment to Lodève was approved by Leo X on 5 December 1520. He became, like his predecessor, the official collector of the income from the diocese owed to Guillaume Briçonnet, Bishop of Meaux. He died in August 1524, apparently of heat stroke. Fisquet, pp. 421-423. Eubel III, p. 227 with note 4.
  84. ^ Sforza's mother was Constance, daughter of Pope Paul III. In 1537, he was named Camerlengo of the Holy Roman Church. Guido was appointed on 7 June 1546, at the age of 27, by Pope Paul III. He resigned on 17 August 1547, on the appointment of a successor. Fisquet, pp. 425-426. Eubel, Hierarchia catholica III, p. 227 with note 7.
  85. ^ Du Gabre, a client of the Cardinal de Tournon, was preconised in the papal consistory of 17 August 1547, and took possession of the diocese by proxy in November, since he was at the time royal ambassador in Venice. In 1553, he was King Henry II's ambassador in Ferrara. He died in Paris, at Saint-Germain des Prés, on 1 February 1558. Fisquet, pp. 426-428. Eubel, Hierarchia catholica III, p. 227 with note 8.
  86. ^ Christophe de Lestang, on 28 November 1580, at the age of 20, was made bishop of Lodève by papal dispensation. He was named bishop of Carcassonne on 26 May 1603. He died on 11 August 1621. Fisquet, pp. 445-450. Eubel III, pp. 191 with note 12; 227; Gauchat, Hierarchia catholica IV, p. 134 with note 3.
  87. ^ Robin was nominated by King Henry IV, and confirmed by Pope Clement VIII on 3 April 1606. He died on 15 January 1611. Fisquet, pp. 450-452. Gauchat, Hierarchia catholica IV, p. 223 with note 2. Joseph Bergin, The Making of the French Episcopate, 1589—1661 (New Haven: Yale UP 1996), p. 692.
  88. ^ François, the nephew of Duke Henri de Montmorency, was only sixteen years old, when nominated bishop of Lodève by King Louis XIII in 1612. He was confirmed by Pope Paul V, but the diocese was administered by vicars-general, since he was unable to be consecrated a bishop. In 1622, he went to Rome, where great expectations were expressed for his coming episcopacy, but on his return to France he renounced the clerical state and became the Comte de Vauvert. He was killed at the siege of La Rochelle in August 1625. Fisquet, pp. 450-452.
  89. ^ Jean (VI.) Plantavit: Fisquet, pp. 452-459. Joseph Bergin, The Making of the French Episcopate, 1589—1661 (New Haven: Yale UP 1996), p. 684.
  90. ^ Bosquet: Paul-Émile Henry, François Bosquet, évêque de Lodève et de Montpellier: son rôle dans l'affaire du jansénisme et dans les questions des réguliers et de la régale, 1654-1657, (in French), Montpellier: Cristin, Serre et Ricome, 1884.
  91. ^ Harlay died on 14 March 1669. Fisquet, pp. 460-462. Ritzler & Sefrin, Hierarchia catholica V, p. 246, note 2. Joseph Bergin, The Making of the French Episcopate, 1589—1661 (New Haven: Yale UP 1996), p. 640.
  92. ^ Born in Paris, Rotundis held a doctorate in theology (Paris, 1665). He was nominated bishop of Lodève by Louis XIV on 15 April 1669, and confirmed on 5 August 1669 by Pope Clement IX. He resigned on 28 September 1671, and was appointed bishop of Béziers on 22 February 1672. He died on 15 February 1702. Fisquet, pp. 191-194. Ritzler & Sefrin, Hierarchia catholica V, pp. 121 with note 2; 246 with note 3.
  93. ^ Chambonas: Jean, p. 266, no. 83. Fisquet, pp. 462-463.
  94. ^ Phelypeaux: Jean, p. 266, no. 84.
  95. ^ Souillac: Jean, pp. 266-267, no. 85.
  96. ^ Fumel died on 26 January 1790. Fisquet, pp. 468-472. Pisani, p. 18, note 1.
  97. ^ Levezou was nominated by King Louis XVI, but had not received confirmation (preconisation) from Pope Pius VI at the time that the Constituent Assembly abolished the diocese. Jean, p. 267. Fisquet, p. 472.

Bibliography

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Reference works

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  • Gams, Pius Bonifatius (1873). Series episcoporum Ecclesiae catholicae: quotquot innotuerunt a beato Petro apostolo. Ratisbon: Typis et Sumptibus Georgii Josephi Manz. (Use with caution; obsolete)
  • Eubel, Conradus, ed. (1913). Hierarchia catholica (in Latin). Vol. 1 (second ed.). Münster: Libreria Regensbergiana.
  • Eubel, Conradus, ed. (1914). Hierarchia catholica (in Latin). Vol. 2 (second ed.). Münster: Libreria Regensbergiana.
  • Eubel, Conradus; Gulik, Guilelmus (1923). Hierarchia catholica (in Latin). Vol. 3 (second ed.). Münster: Libreria Regensbergiana.
  • Gauchat, Patritius (Patrice) (1935). Hierarchia catholica (in Latin). Vol. IV (1592-1667). Münster: Libraria Regensbergiana.
  • Ritzler, Remigius; Sefrin, Pirminus (1952). Hierarchia catholica medii et recentis aevi (in Latin). Vol. V (1667-1730). Patavii: Messagero di S. Antonio.
  • Ritzler, Remigius; Sefrin, Pirminus (1958). Hierarchia catholica medii et recentis aevi (in Latin). Vol. VI (1730-1799). Patavii: Messagero di S. Antonio.

Studies

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Sources

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  • Gallia Christiana  ;
  • Histoire de Lodève, by Ernest Martin

43°44′N 3°19′E / 43.73°N 3.32°E / 43.73; 3.32

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