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Beşiktaş J.K.

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"BJK" redirects here. For other uses, see BJK (disambiguation).

Beşiktaş
Full nameBeşiktaş Jimnastik Kulübü [1]
Nickname(s)Kara Kartallar (lit. 'Black Eagles')[2][3]
Siyah Beyazlılar (lit. 'Black and Whites')[4]
Short nameBJK
Founded3 March 1903; 122 years ago (1903-03-03)
as Bereket Jimnastik Kulübü[5] 1909 as Beşiktaş Jimnastik Kulübü
StadiumBeşiktaş Stadium
Capacity42,590
PresidentSerdal Adalı
ManagerOle Gunnar Solskjær
LeagueSüper Lig
2024–25Süper Lig, 4th of 19
Websitebjk.com.tr
Current season
Active departments of
Beşiktaş J.K.
AthleticsBasketball
(Men's)
(Women's)		Boxing
BridgeChesse-Sports
Football
(Men's)
(Women's)		GymnasticsHandball
(Men's)
RowingTable tennisVolleyball
(Men's)
(Women's)
Wheelchair
basketball		Wrestling

Beşiktaş Jimnastik Kulübü (Turkish pronunciation: [beˈʃiktaʃ], lit. 'Beşiktaş Gymnastics Club'), abbreviated as BJK, is a Turkish professional sports club founded in 1903 that is based in the Beşiktaş district of Istanbul. The club's football team is one of the Big Three in Turkey and one of the most successful teams in the country, having never been relegated to a lower division. It was the first registered sports club in the country and one of the few that acquired the right to bear the Turkish flag on its crest.

Its football team has won 21 league titles including 16 Turkish Süper Lig, three Turkish National Division and two Turkish Football Championship titles, along with 11 Turkish Cup titles. Beşiktaş is also the only team to have won the Süper Lig undefeated, in the 1991–92 campaign. The team last won the Turkish Süper Lig title during the 2020–21 season and the Turkish Cup in the 2023-24 season. The club's home ground is Beşiktaş Stadium, a 42,590-capacity all-seater stadium located by Dolmabahçe Palace. The stadium has been considered one of the best in the world for location, design, comfort, technology, atmosphere, and transportation.[6][7]

The team also participates in European competitions regularly. Beşiktaş reached the quarter-finals of the 1986–87 European Cup and displayed the best Turkish team performance in the Champions League group stage by earning 14 points and progressing undefeated in the 2017–18 campaign. Beşiktaş have also reached the UEFA Europa League[a] quarter-finals twice, in the 2002–03 and 2016–17 seasons. Based on its UEFA coefficient, Beşiktaş is currently the 5th highest ranked Turkish team and is ranked second all-time after its rival Galatasaray.[8]

The club's fan base, Çarşı, is well known globally.[9] They were chosen as the best fan group in voting conducted by American sports viewers due to their 132-decibel noise record at a 2007 match against Liverpool.[10] The group is involved with sociopolitical causes and is traditionally considered to be working-class and left-wing, supporting what is known as "the people's team".[11] The highest ever football attendance in Turkish league history was recorded in a Beşiktaş-Galatasaray derby with 76,127 spectators.[12][13]

The club also competes in other sports such as women's football, basketball (men's, women's and wheelchair), volleyball (men's and women's), handball, athletics, beach football, boxing, bridge, chess, gymnastics, athletics, parasports, rowing, table tennis, wrestling and esports.[14]

History

[edit]

1902–1911: establishment of the club

[edit]
Members of Beşiktaş JK in 1903

Bereket Gymnastics Club was founded on 3 March 1903 under special permission from the authorities.[15][better source needed] Their sporting activities gained more freedom with the declaration of the Constitutional Monarchy in 1908. After the political events of 31 March 1909, Fuat Balkan and Mazhar Kazancı, who were in Edirne,[16] came to Istanbul with the National Movement.[17] After the restoration of political order, Fuat Balkan, a proven fencing coach, and Mazhar Kazancı, a wrestler and weight lifter, found the youths involved in gymnastics in Serencebey and persuaded them to train together.[17] Refik Bey and Şerafettin Bey, friends of Fuat Bey, were also fencing practitioners. Fuat Balkan made the first floor of his own home as the club's headquarters, located in Ihlamur neighbourhood of Beşiktaş.[17] The title of "Bereket Gymnastics Club" was renamed as "Beşiktaş Ottoman Gymnastics Club". The club was turned into a more comprehensive structure, in which gymnastics, wrestling, boxing, fencing and athletics were emphasized. Mehmet Şamil Şhaplı, one of the founding members, was elected the first president of the club.[17]

On 13 January 1910, the club became the first registered Turkish sports club in Ottoman Empire, with the encouragement of the Governor of Beyoğlu District.[18] The interest among the youths of the neighbourhood in the sports club grew, and the number of members involved in sports quickly grew to 150. The headquarters of the club was moved from Ihlamur, Beşiktaş to Building No. 49 in Akaretler, Beşiktaş. When this building became too small, Building 84, also in Akaretler, Beşiktaş, became their headquarters.[18] The yard behind this building was turned into a sports pitch.[18]

Some of the young patriots from the Beşiktaş district of Istanbul formed two football clubs called "Valideçeşme" and "Basiret" under the leadership of Şeref Bey. Local football clubs "Valideçeşme" and "Basiret" joined the club, in 1911.[19][20]

For years, the original colours of Beşiktaş were believed to be "Red and White"; and then temporarily changed into "Black and White", commemorating the martyrs of Balkan Wars, including players of the club.[21] Although most written sources endorse this claim, a detailed study carried out for Beşiktaş's 100th anniversary documentary had shown that colour red was never used in club's first colours; and colours of the club were always "black and white".[22]

1911–1959: initial years of football

[edit]
1923–24 Istanbul Football League champion squad[b]

With football becoming the main sport of the Ottoman Empire around 1910, Beşiktaş members slowly started to give more attention to football.[c] In August 1911, Ahmed Şerafettin started the football team. With the outbreak of World War I following the Balkan Wars, sporting activities at the club effectively came to a halt as many athletes left to serve on the front lines.[20] While the end of the war allowed surviving athletes to return, the team faced a difficult period during the Occupation of Istanbul, but was able to recover with the hard work of Şeref Bey.[26] Beşiktaş did not enter the Istanbul Friday and Sunday leagues, and did not have any championships until 1918, when they won the Istanbul Turkish 1st Sports League.

In 1921, that particular league's final season, they won it again. In 1924, Beşiktaş entered the Istanbul Football League along with Galatasaray, Fenerbahçe and other Istanbul teams. Beşiktaş became the league's first champion of 1923–24 season,[27] but was unable to have more success in the league. Galatasaray and Fenerbahçe were the two dominant teams through the middle of the 1930s.

Beşiktaş won their 2nd Istanbul League title in 1933–34 season,[28] as well as their first Turkish Football Championship in the same year, beating Altay in the final 3–1 on 29 October 1934.[29] In 1937, the Turkish National League was formed. In 1936–37 Istanbul Football League season prior to the National League's inaugural season, Beşiktaş finished in fourth place, which earned them a berth in the National League.[30] Beşiktaş finished 3rd place in the National League, behind Fenerbahçe and Galatasaray.[31] In 1937–38 season, Beşiktaş finished in 3rd place in the Istanbul League[32] and, 2nd place in the National League, behind Güneş.[33] Beşiktaş won a record five consecutive Istanbul League championships between 1939 and 1943.[34] In the National League, Beşiktaş finished 4th in 1939, 5th in 1940,[35] 1st in 1941[36] and 3rd in 1943 (in 1942 the league was not held). The club won 1944–45[37] and 1945–46 seasons[38] in Istanbul League, as well as the national league in 1944[39] and 1947.[40] The team visited the United States for a month-long visit in May 1950, and on their return to Turkey, visited president Celâl Bayar.[41]

1950 United States tour results[42]
Date Home Score Away
21 May 1950 United States New York All-Stars 3–5 Beşiktaş
25 May 1950 United States New England All-Stars 1–1
28 May 1950 United States Chicago All-Stars 2–5
1 June 1950 United States USA All-Stars 0–5
6 June 1950 United States Philadelphia All-Stars 1–7
9 June 1950 United States American League All-Stars 1–3
11 June 1950 England Manchester United 2–1 Beşiktaş

1959–2001: from Milli Lig to Süper Lig

[edit]

Professional football was formally adopted in Turkey on 24 September 1951, paving the way for a national league later in the decade.[43][44] TFF launched the nationwide Millî Lig in 1959, played in two groups with a two-leg final; Fenerbahçe won the inaugural title, while Beşiktaş finished second in the White Group.[45][46]

Beşiktaş claimed their first national league championship the very next season (1959–60), a campaign remembered for an eleven 1–0 wins record, and qualified for the 1960–61 European Cup, where they debuted versus Rapid Wien (0–4 a, 1–0 h; Rapid won 4–1 agg.).[47][48][49]

The club added back-to-back league titles in 1965–66 and 1966–67, and lifted their first national super cup (then the Cumhurbaşkanlığı Kupası) in 1967 after beating Altay 1–0; the inaugural 1966 edition had been won by Galatasaray over Beşiktaş.[50][51] The 1970s were leaner in the league—Beşiktaş’s best finish was runners-up in 1973–74—but the club remained a constant in the top three and in European qualification.[52]

A 14-season title drought ended in 1981–82 under coach Đorđe Milić.[53] Another league crown followed in 1985–86 after a tight race with Galatasaray (level on points, superior goal difference/average to Beşiktaş).[54] Internationally, Beşiktaş reached the 1986–87 European Cup quarter-finals, losing to Dynamo Kyiv (0–5 h in İzmir, 0–2 a).[55][56]

1987–1993: Gordon Milne era

[edit]
See also: Metin-Ali-Feyyaz

English coach Gordon Milne took charge in 1987 and imposed a disciplined 4–4–2, quick flank play and aggressive pressing. He leaned on club stalwarts such as Rıza Çalımbay and built around a young forward line that would soon define the period.[57][58] Metin Tekin, Ali Gültiken and Feyyaz Uçar formed the MAF trio—supporters’ shorthand for Beşiktaş’s most celebrated strikeforce. Their movement and finishing underpinned the side’s goals and its identity through the early 1990s.[59]

Milne delivered three consecutive league titles: 1989–90, 1990–91, 1991–92. The last of these remains the Süper Lig’s only unbeaten championship: P30 W23 D7 L0.[60][61] Beşiktaş set the league’s biggest winning margin by beating Adana Demirspor 10–0 on 15 October 1989 at Ali Sami Yen; the goals were shared by Ali Gültiken (4), Metin Tekin (3) and Feyyaz Uçar (3) a snapshot of the MAF era at full tilt.[62][63]

Regular European qualification returned. In the 1991–92 European Cup, Beşiktaş met PSV Eindhoven in the first round (0–1 agg.: 0–0 in Istanbul, 0–1 in Eindhoven).[64][65]

1993–2000: After Milne — transition, Daum’s title and cup wins

[edit]

With Gordon Milne gone in 1993, Beşiktaş stayed competitive while reshaping the squad around senior leaders (e.g. Rıza Çalımbay) and emerging names such as Sergen Yalçın and Ertuğrul Sağlam. Under Christoph Daum, Beşiktaş won the 1994–95 1.Lig, finishing three points clear and returning to the UEFA Champions League as champions.[66][67][68]

Beşiktaş also lifted two major domestic cups in the mid-1990s. First came the 1993–94 Turkish Cup, won over Galatasaray (0–0 away; 3–2 at İnönü).[69][70] Beşiktaş then beat Galatasaray 3–1 to win the 1994 Presidential Cup at Ankara 19 Mayıs Stadium, with goals from Feyyaz Uçar, Metin Tekin and Sergen Yalçın.[71]

After Rasim Kara (1996–97), John Toshack took over (1997–99) and delivered Beşiktaş’s 1997–98 Turkish Cup, defeating Galatasaray on penalties after two 1–1 legs, and then the 1998 Presidential Cup (2–1 a.e.t.).[72][73][74] Toshack’s tenure ended when Real Madrid paid compensation to appoint him in February 1999, underscoring the profile he had rebuilt in Istanbul.[75]

On the European stage, Beşiktaş frequently qualified through the decade and returned to the UEFA Champions League group phase in 1997–98, finishing their campaign at that stage; UEFA records list the season under the club’s group-stage appearances.[76]

Brief spells followed under Karl-Heinz Feldkamp and Hans-Peter Briegel, leading into the Nevio Scala appointment for 2000–01 and the club’s first multi-group Champions League era—setting the stage for Beşiktaş’s modern period in the 2000s.[77]

Beşiktaş’s Modern Era (2000–Present)

[edit]

After a choppy start to the decade, Beşiktaş hit a clean reset under Mircea Lucescu. In the club’s centenary season they won the Süper Lig and produced one of their best European campaigns, reaching the UEFA Cup quarter-finals before losing to Lazio (3–1 agg.).[78][79]

In the 2008–09 season, veteran coach Mustafa Denizli—the only manager to have won the Süper Lig with all three Istanbul giants—led Beşiktaş to a domestic double. On 13 May 2009, they beat Fenerbahçe 4–2 in the Turkish Cup final at İzmir Atatürk Stadium.[80] then the league title sealed by a 2–1 win at Denizlispor on the final day.[81]

Beşiktaş beat İstanbul BB on penalties to lift the 2011 Turkish Cup in Kayseri,[82] but were later sanctioned by UEFA over match-fixing allegations related to that final; CAS upheld a one-season ban from European competition in August 2013.[83] After appointing Şenol Güneş as head coach in June 2015 on a two-year deal with an option to extend, Beşiktaş moved back to Dolmabahçe during the 2015–16 season, opening the rebuilt Vodafone Arena on 11 April 2016 with a 3–2 league win over Bursaspor (Mario Gómez scoring the first goal at the new ground); they then secured the 2015–16 Süper Lig with a 3–1 home victory against Osmanlıspor and retained the championship in 2016–17 with a decisive 4–0 win away at Gaziantepspor.[84][85][86][87][88]

In 2017–18, Beşiktaş topped a Champions League group featuring Porto, Monaco and RB Leipzig—unbeaten and through with a draw against Porto before winning away in Leipzig on MD6.[89][90] They were then eliminated in the round of 16 by Bayern Munich, 8–1 on aggregate (0–5 in Munich, 1–3 in Istanbul).[91][92] The domestic scene also produced flashpoints: the 2018 Turkish Cup semi-final second leg at Fenerbahçe was abandoned after an object struck Beşiktaş coach Şenol Güneş; when the TFF ordered a behind-closed-doors resumption, Beşiktaş refused to play the remainder.[93]

Under Sergen Yalçın, Beşiktaş clinched the 2020–21 Süper Lig title on the final day and completed the league-and-cup double by beating Antalyaspor in the cup final.[94][95] They added the Turkish Super Cup in January 2022, defeating Antalyaspor on penalties.[96] The 2021–22 Champions League campaign, by contrast, ended with six defeats in a group with Ajax, Dortmund and Sporting CP.[97]

Beşiktaş began 2023–24 season with Şenol Güneş, but a run of poor results—capped by a 3–2 home collapse to Lugano in the Europa Conference League—led to his resignation on 6 October 2023; assistant Burak Yılmaz acted briefly before Rıza Çalımbay was appointed on 10 November.[98][99][100] Amid the downturn, the club held a presidential election on 3 December 2023, in which Hasan Arat defeated incumbent Ahmet Nur Çebi and took office at an extraordinary congress.[101] Seeking stability, Beşiktaş appointed Fernando Santos in January 2024[102][103], but dismissed him on 13 April 2024 after continued underperformance; academy coach Serdar Topraktepe took interim charge and won the 2023–24 Turkish Cup with a 3–2 victory over Trabzonspor at Atatürk Olympic Stadium on 23 May 2024.[104][105]

Beşiktaş began the 2024–25 season by appointing Dutch coach Giovanni van Bronckhorst in June, and got off to a historic start by winning the 2024 Turkish Super Cup in emphatic fashion.[106] On 3 August 2024, they defeated arch-rivals Galatasaray 5–0 at the Atatürk Olympic Stadium in Istanbul—marking the largest winning margin in Turkish Super Cup history.[107]

Form dipped in autumn; UEFA moved the home Europa League tie against Maccabi Tel-Aviv to Debrecen behind closed doors for security reasons and Beşiktaş lost 3–1 there, and the club parted ways with Van Bronckhorst at the end of November.[108][109][110] Ole Gunnar Solskjær was appointed head coach in January and marked his first European match with a 4–1 win over Athletic Club, while his side also recorded derby victories over both Fenerbahçe and Galatasaray later in the league campaign; Beşiktaş nevertheless finished fourth in the Süper Lig.[111][112][113][114]

Identity

[edit]

Crest

[edit]

The crest of Beşiktaş is a black-and-white shield with the initials BJK, the founding year 1903, and the crescent-and-star from the Turkish flag rendered in red. The shield form and elements have been used—through minor redraws—across kits, branding, and the club museum since the mid-20th century.[115][116] Per TFF kit regulations, the club displays three stars above the crest (one star per five national championships), in line with federation rules on championship stars and insignia.[117]

Colours

[edit]

Beşiktaş’s registered colours are black and white, which define the home identity and are consistently used across visual materials and kits.[118][119] Traditional home strips pair white shirts with black shorts (socks in black or white), with away/third kits rotating around the same palette and occasional accent colours while retaining the crest’s red crescent-and-star.[120]

Club name & nickname

[edit]

The legal name Beşiktaş Jimnastik Kulübü (BJK) reflects the club’s origins as a multi-sport institution established in 1903; the football branch was organized under Şeref Bey and his Valideçeşme side in 1911.[121] The nickname “Kara Kartallar” (Black Eagles)—now embedded in club communications and the museum—arose from supporter usage that took hold by the mid-20th century and was later adopted officially.[122][123]

Supporters — Çarşı, culture and solidarity

[edit]
Main article: Çarşı (supporter group)

Beşiktaş’s core supporters’ group is Çarşı, formed in the early 1980s around the Beşiktaş marketplace and known for the slogan “Çarşı her şeye karşı” (“Çarşı is against everything”). The group’s identity mixes humour with social and civic activism and has been profiled widely in international media.[124][125] Following the 2013 Gezi Park protests, prosecutors brought a high-profile case against 35 Çarşı members; an Istanbul court acquitted them in December 2015 (after charges that included “attempting to overthrow the government”), and later proceedings again ended in acquittal.[126][127]

Beşiktaş are noted for intense home atmospheres first at İnönü and, since 2016, at Beşiktaş Stadium on the Dolmabahçe shoreline. UEFA match coverage has repeatedly highlighted the noise levels and elaborate choreographies at European ties held there.[128][129]

Supporters have been central to club-led relief efforts in times of crisis. After the 10 December 2016 bombings outside the stadium, Beşiktaş fans mobilised for blood donations and commemorations around the ground and in the district.[130][131] In February 2023, following the earthquakes in southern Türkiye, Beşiktaş supporters threw thousands of plush toys onto the pitch during a home match to donate to children affected by the disaster—an action reported worldwide.[132]

While the club is rooted in the Beşiktaş district of Istanbul, away followings are strong across Türkiye and in the Turkish diaspora in Germany, the Netherlands and Austria, reflected in sizeable turnouts at European away fixtures.[133][134]

Rivalries — Istanbul derbies and beyond

[edit]
Main articles: Beşiktaş–Fenerbahçe rivalry (football) and Beşiktaş–Galatasaray rivalry

Beşiktaş–Fenerbahçe rivalry

[edit]

The Beşiktaş and Fenerbahçe rivalry is one of the most volatile and historically rich matchups in Turkish football. With both clubs commanding massive national fanbases, their clashes—often labeled as “the most unpredictable of the Istanbul derbies”—have played a central role in defining seasons, titles, and national debates.

The two clubs first met in 1924, with early contests reflecting the growing divide between Beşiktaş’s central Istanbul working-class identity and Fenerbahçe’s traditionally bourgeois Kadıköy base. Over the decades, this geographical and social split hardened into a fierce rivalry, intensified by league titles, cup competitions, and controversial moments.

One of the most iconic chapters came in November 2005, when Beşiktaş stunned Fenerbahçe with a 4–3 comeback win at Şükrü Saracoğlu Stadium. Goals from Tümer Metin, Carew, İbrahim Akın and Koray Avcı turned the game into a symbol of Beşiktaş’s fighting spirit.[135] The 2013–14 fixture, ending 3–2 in Beşiktaş’s favor, saw Olcay Şahan score a last-minute winner amid deafening tension.

The rivalry reached boiling point in April 2018, during the Turkish Cup semi-final second leg. With the tie finely poised, Fenerbahçe fans pelted objects onto the pitch, one of which struck Beşiktaş coach Şenol Güneş on the head, forcing him to leave the stadium bleeding. The match was abandoned, and the Turkish Football Federation later canceled the replay, sparking weeks of protests from Beşiktaş and legal disputes.[136][137]

Player transfers between the clubs have added to the enmity. The move of Tümer Metin from Beşiktaş to Fenerbahçe in 2006 was seen as a betrayal by many Beşiktaş fans. In contrast, Gökhan Gönül and Caner Erkin, both former Fenerbahçe players, joined Beşiktaş and became key figures in their 2016–17 title run, shifting narrative dynamics.

In the 2024–25 season, Beşiktaş beat Fenerbahçe 2–1 in a heated league encounter under manager Ole Gunnar Solskjær, regaining bragging rights during a turbulent campaign.[138]

Despite occasional moments of sportsmanship, the rivalry remains charged, with every meeting watched by millions, often under the shadow of heightened police presence due to fan unrest and ultras’ provocations.

Beşiktaş–Galatasaray rivalry

[edit]

The Beşiktaş vs Galatasaray rivalry represents a battle of central Istanbul—two of Turkey’s most decorated football institutions separated by a few kilometers but divided by culture, tradition, and silverware.

While the Galatasaray–Fenerbahçe “Intercontinental Derby” may draw global attention, Beşiktaş–Galatasaray derbies tend to be grittier, with an edge defined by inner-city dominance, supporter clashes, and critical title races. Both clubs were formed in the early 20th century, and their first official meeting occurred in 1924.

One of the most famous encounters was in 2003, during Beşiktaş’s centenary season, when the Black Eagles secured the title with a last-minute 1–0 win over Galatasaray at İnönü Stadium thanks to a goal from Sergen Yalçın.[139]

In May 2016, Beşiktaş beat Galatasaray 1–0 at the Türk Telekom Arena and then clinched the title a week later with a 3–1 home win over Osmanlıspor under Şenol Güneş.[140][141]

The rivalry also runs through the cups. In the 1998–99 Turkish Cup final, Galatasaray defeated Beşiktaş 2–0 on aggregate (0–0, 0–2).[142] More recently, on 3 August 2024, Beşiktaş thrashed Galatasaray 5–0 to win the Turkish Super Cup, the competition’s biggest winning margin.[143]

Derby weeks regularly bring heightened tension between Çarşı and UltrAslan, and these fixtures are among the league’s most watched every season.[144]

Beşiktaş–Trabzonspor rivalry

[edit]

The rivalry with Trabzonspor emerged in the late 1970s when Trabzonspor broke the Istanbul clubs’ monopoly with six league titles in nine seasons. The hostility has been stoked by regional pride and repeated clashes in Turkish Cup finals. In the 2023–24 final, Beşiktaş beat Trabzonspor 3–2 at the Atatürk Olympic Stadium, lifting their 11th Turkish Cup under interim manager Serdar Topraktepe.[145]

Lesser-known rivalries

[edit]

Though less intense, Beşiktaş also maintains rivalries with clubs like Bursaspor, due to fan conflicts and regional political tension, especially following their 2016 stadium opener where Beşiktaş won 3–2."Beşiktaş defeats Bursaspor in opening game of new stadium". Hürriyet Daily News. 11 April 2016. Retrieved 3 August 2025.

Grounds

[edit]
Main articles: Taksim Stadium, Şeref Stadium, BJK İnönü Stadium, and Beşiktaş Stadium

Early Stadiums and the Road to İnönü

[edit]

From 1924, Beşiktaş played most senior fixtures at Taksim Stadium, then Istanbul’s principal football ground. Taksim also hosted the Turkey national team’s first match (26 Oct 1923, 2–2 v Romania), underlining the venue’s central role in the game’s early republican era.[146][147][148] The former artillery barracks complex was cleared in the late-1930s/1940 as part of the Henri Prost plan for the new Taksim Square and park.[149]

In the early 1930s Beşiktaş built and used Şeref Stadium in the gardens of Çırağan Palace, named for club pioneer Şeref Bey. Contemporary accounts record Beşiktaş using Şeref as the club ground through the 1930s and into the late 1940s, overlapping with Taksim as Istanbul’s shared venue.[150][151]

The Dolmabahçe Stadium (later Mithatpaşa, then İnönü) was inaugurated on 19 May 1947 by President İsmet İnönü and Governor Lütfi Kırdar. The first match there was Beşiktaş–AIK Stockholm on 23 Nov 1947; Süleyman Seba scored the ground’s first goal.[152][153] Beşiktaş played at İnönü for 66 years until 11 May 2013, when they beat Gençlerbirliği 3–0 in the stadium’s farewell league fixture before demolition.[154][155][156]

While the new stadium was built, Beşiktaş staged home matches across Istanbul (and occasionally Ankara). In 2013–14, after the Kasımpaşa rental ended, the club confirmed it would complete the season at the Atatürk Olympic Stadium; later fixtures in 2015–16 were also scheduled or moved to Başakşehir Fatih Terim Stadium.[157][158][159]

Beşiktaş Stadium: 2016–present

[edit]
Opened in 2016, Beşiktaş Stadium is the home stadium of the club.

The new Beşiktaş Stadium on the Dolmabahçe site opened on 11 April 2016 with a 3–2 Süper Lig win over Bursaspor; Mario Gómez scored the first competitive goal at the ground.[160][161] The all-seater venue has a capacity of 42,445 and 105×68 m pitch dimensions per federation records.[162] As a multi-use, tech-enabled venue, it also hosts concerts and non-football events.[163] Beşiktaş Stadium hosted the 2019 UEFA Super Cup (Liverpool–Chelsea), the first major UEFA men’s final refereed by a woman (Stéphanie Frappart), with Liverpool winning on penalties.[164][165][166] UEFA later awarded the 2026 UEFA Europa League final to Beşiktaş Stadium, scheduled for 20 May 2026.[167] In October 2023, Beşiktaş signed a three-year naming-rights deal with Tüpraş; the ground is currently styled Tüpraş Stadyumu for sponsorship purposes.[168][169] The complex also houses the Beşiktaş JK Museum, re-opened in February 2017 inside the new stadium as Turkey’s first officially-registered sports museum.[170][171] The area around the stadium was also the site of the 10 December 2016 twin bomb attacks; a memorial park overlooking the ground commemorates the victims, with the official death toll at 44 according to Turkish authorities.[172]

Honours

[edit]
Main article: List of Beşiktaş J.K. Honors
As of 3 August 2024[173]
Type Competition Titles Seasons
Domestic Super Lig 16 1956–57, 1957–58, 1959–60, 1965–66, 1966–67, 1981–82, 1985–86, 1989–90, 1990–91, 1991–92, 1994–95, 2002–03, 2008–09, 2015–16, 2016–17, 2020–21
Turkish Cup[174] 11 1974–75, 1988–89, 1989–90, 1993–94, 1997–98, 2005–06, 2006–07, 2008–09, 2010–11, 2020–21, 2023–24
Turkish Super Cup[175] 10 1967, 1974, 1986, 1989, 1992, 1994, 1998, 2006, 2021, 2024
Prime Minister's Cup 6 1944, 1947, 1974, 1977, 1988, 1997
Turkish National Division 3 1941, 1944, 1947
Turkish Football Championship 2 1934, 1951
Atatürk Cup 1S 2000
Spor Toto Cup 3 1966, 1969, 1970
Regional Istanbul Football League 13 1923–24, 1933–34, 1938–39, 1939–40, 1940–41, 1941–42, 1942–43, 1944–45, 1945–46, 1949–50, 1950–51, 1951–52, 1953–54
Istanbul Football Cup 2S 1944, 1946
  •   record
  • S Shared record

Others

[edit]
  • TSYD Cup
    • Winners (12) (shared-record):[176] 1964–65, 1965–66, 1971–72, 1972–73, 1974–75, 1983–84, 1984–85, 1988–89, 1989–90, 1990–91, 1993–94, 1996–97
  • Turkish Amateur Football Championship
  • Istanbul Shield
    • Winners (1): 1934–35
  • Alpen Cup
  • Efes Cup
  • Soma Cup
  • USA Cup / Intercontinental Cup / Semi-World Cup
    • Winners (1): 1950
  • International Royal Cup / Intercontinental Cup

European record

[edit]
Main article: Beşiktaş J.K. in European football

Statistics

[edit]
As of 3 September 2024[183]
Competition Pld W D L GS GA GD Win%
European Cup / Champions League 89 27 19 43 89 153 −64 030.34
UEFA Cup / UEFA Europa League 123 54 25 44 197 159 +38 043.90
Cup Winners' Cup 20 4 4 12 21 38 −17 020.00
UEFA Conference League 12 7 1 4 21 19 +2 058.33
Total 244 92 49 103 328 369 −41 037.70

UEFA club points ranking

[edit]
As of 22 May 2025[184]
Rank Team Points
112 Ukraine Zorya Luhansk 16.000
113 Turkey Beşiktaş 15.000
114 France Lens 12.500

Recent seasons

[edit]
Main article: List of Beşiktaş J.K. seasons
Season League Domestic Continental Top goalscorer(s)[d]
Division Pos P W D L GF GA GD Pts TC SC UCL UEL UCL Players Goals
2015–16 Süper Lig 1st 34 25 4 5 75 25 40 79 QF N/A N/A GS N/A Mario Gómez 28
2016–17 1st 34 23 8 3 73 30 43 77 R16 RU GS QF Cenk Tosun 24
2017–18 4th 34 21 8 5 69 30 39 71 SF RU R16 N/A Talisca 19
2018–19 3rd 34 19 8 7 72 46 26 65 DQ N/A N/A GS Burak Yılmaz 11
2019–20 3rd 34 19 5 10 59 40 19 62 R32 N/A GS 14
2020–21 1st 40 26 6 8 89 44 45 84 W 2QR 3QR Cyle Larin 23
2021–22 6th 38 15 14 9 56 48 8 59 QF W GS — Michy Batshuayi 14
2022–23 3rd 36 23 9 4 78 36 42 78 R16 N/A N/A Cenk Tosun 18
2023–24 6th 38 16 8 14 52 47 5 56 W N/A N/A GS Vincent Aboubakar 12
2024–25 4th 36 17 11 8 59 36 23 62 QF W N/A LPH N/A Ciro Immobile 19

Players

[edit]

Current squad

[edit]
As of 3 August 2025[185][186]

Note: Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules; some limited exceptions apply. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.

No. Pos. Nation Player
1 GK Turkey TUR Mert Günok (vice-captain)
2 DF Norway NOR Jonas Svensson
3 DF Brazil BRA Gabriel Paulista
5 MF Turkey TUR Demir Ege Tıknaz
6 MF Bosnia and Herzegovina BIH Amir Hadžiahmetović
7 FW Kosovo KOS Milot Rashica
8 MF Turkey TUR Salih Uçan
9 FW England ENG Tammy Abraham (on loan from Roma)
10 MF Turkey TUR Orkun Kökçü (on loan from Benfica)
11 MF Ecuador ECU Keny Arroyo
14 DF Germany GER Felix Uduokhai
17 MF Turkey TUR Kartal Yılmaz
18 MF Portugal POR João Mário
19 FW Turkey TUR Yakup Arda Kılıç
20 MF Turkey TUR Necip Uysal (captain)
23 MF Albania ALB Ernest Muçi
24 DF Turkey TUR Tayyip Talha Sanuç
No. Pos. Nation Player
25 MF Austria AUT Can Keleş
27 FW Portugal POR Rafa Silva
28 MF Libya LBY Al-Musrati
30 GK Turkey TUR Ersin Destanoğlu (3rd captain)
33 GK Turkey TUR Emre Bilgin
39 DF Czech Republic CZE David Jurásek (on loan from Benfica)
40 DF Turkey TUR Emrecan Uzunhan
44 MF Turkey TUR Fahri Kerem Ay
53 DF Turkey TUR Emirhan Topçu
71 MF Cameroon CMR Jean Onana
75 DF Turkey TUR Tayfur Bingöl
77 MF Colombia COL Elan Ricardo
79 DF Turkey TUR Emrecan Terzi
85 DF Turkey TUR Mustafa Azem Yortaç
91 FW Turkey TUR Mustafa Erhan Hekimoğlu
93 DF Turkey TUR Arda Özüarap
96 GK Turkey TUR Emir Yaşar

Out on loan

[edit]

Note: Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules; some limited exceptions apply. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.

No. Pos. Nation Player
— GK Turkey TUR Göktuğ Baytekin (at Sakaryaspor until 30 June 2026)
— FW Turkey TUR Semih Kılıçsoy (at Cagliari until 30 June 2026)

Current coaching staff

[edit]
As of 13 February 2025[187]
Position Staff
Manager Norway Ole Gunnar Solskjær
Assistant managers Norway Erling Moe
England Mike Marsh

Turkey Serdar Topraktepe

Goalkeeping coaches England Richard Hartis

Turkey Hakan Çalışkan

Athletic performance coaches Turkey Barış Gürol

Turkey Dolu Arslan

Analysts England Tom Green

Turkey Caner Batuhan Koç

Notable players

[edit]
Statue of Süleyman Seba, pictured in 2020, at Vişnezade Park, Beşiktaş

There are two players who served the club both as player and president, respectively Hakkı Yeten and Süleyman Seba, whom were also given title "Honorary President" by the club.[188][189] Out of the two, Yeten served the club as first team manager between 1949 and 1951, as well.[190] In cooperation with Beşiktaş Municipality, the club erected a statue of Süleyman Seba near their headquarters, in Akaretler neighbourhood of Beşiktaş, in October 2008.[191][192]

Ricardo Quaresma (154 Süper Lig appearances) was a part of Portugal squad, winning their first European Championship in 2016, while being a contracted player with Beşiktaş.

Along with Yeten and Seba, there are 11 players who spent their career entirely at Beşiktaş, including 9, whose spell lasted over 10 years with over 100 appearances for the club, except Süleyman Seba and Süleyman Oktay.[193] Hakkı Yeten, Rıza Çalımbay, Samet Aybaba, Rasim Kara and Sergen Yalçın served the club both as player and manager. Amongst these persons, Yalçın is the only one who won Süper Lig titles both as player and manager.[194] There are also 6 players who represented their nation with over 30 caps at senior level while playing at the club, those are Rıza Çalımbay (39 caps and 1 goal between 1981 and 1992), Recep Çetin (58 caps and 1 goal between 1988 and 1997), Mehmet Özdilek (31 caps between 1990 and 1997), Tayfur Havutçu (44 caps and 6 goals between 1994 and 2004), İbrahim Üzülmez (37 caps and 1 goal 2003 and 2009) and Oğuzhan Özyakup (43 caps and 1 goal since 2013). Five out of these six players possessed the team captaincy at least for two consecutive seasons, except Özyakup.

In 2003, centennial year its foundation, the club held a survey through the validated votes from its supporters, in order to determine the "squads of century".[195] Out or 110 players nominated, there were three eleven-man squads selected, respectively referred to as "golden", "silver" and "bronze" teams.[195][196] Results of the poll were announced in a prom, held to commemorate the 100th anniversary of the club, hosted by Beşiktaş fan celebrities Çağla Kubat and Yılmaz Erdoğan, on 21 June 2003.[196][197]

There are Beşiktaş players who represented their nations in top level international competitions governed by FIFA or UEFA. Former team captain Tayfur Havutçu and İlhan Mansız were part of Turkey's squad in 2002 FIFA World Cup, where they reached semi-finals.[198] Mansız scored a golden goal in the quarter-final encounter against Senegal,[199] advancing Turkey into semi-final against Brazil.[200] Mansız also scored twice in 3rd place game against the hosting side South Korea.[201] Ahmet Yıldırım and former club captain İbrahim Üzülmez competed at 2003 FIFA Confederations Cup in which Turkey finished in third place.[202] Ricardo Quaresma was a part of Portugal winning Euro 2016, which saw the country win its first ever international title, scoring once at Round of 16 against Croatia.[203] Domagoj Vida represented Croatia, his nation, in the final of 2018 FIFA World Cup up against France, which he lost eventually 4–2.[204] In the final encounter, he also provided an assist to his compatriot Ivan Perišić.[204][205]

Squads of century

[edit]

Sources:[195][197][206]

Joined in 1958, Necmi Mutlu is the longest-serving goalkeeper of club's history with 241 professional games in 13 seasons.[207]
Beşiktaş J.K. Squads of Century
Team #[195] Golden Team Silver Team Bronze Team
Goalkeeper 1 Turkey Sabri Dino Turkey Necmi Mutlu Turkey Rasim Kara
Right back 2 Turkey Rıza Çalımbay Turkey Recep Çetin Turkey Hristo Kostanda
Centre back 4 Turkey Gökhan Keskin Turkey Vedat Okyar Turkey Eşref Özmenç
Centre back 5 Turkey Ali İhsan Karayiğit Brazil Ronaldo Guiaro Turkey Ulvi Güveneroğlu
Left back 3 Turkey Zekeriya Alp Turkey Vedii Tosuncuk Turkey Ahmet Berman
Right Midfielder 7 Turkey Metin Tekin Turkey Nihat Kahveci Turkey Ahmet Özacar
Midfielder 8 Turkey Hakkı Yeten Turkey Recep Adanır Turkey Mehmet Özdilek
Midfielder 10 Turkey Yusuf Tunaoğlu Turkey Sergen Yalçın Turkey Şeref Görkey
Left Midfielder 6 Turkey Sanlı Sarıalioğlu Turkey Hüseyin Saygun Turkey İbrahim Üzülmez
Forward 9 Turkey Kemal Gülçelik Turkey Ali Gültiken Turkey Güven Önüt
Forward 11 Turkey Şükrü Gülesin Turkey Feyyaz Uçar Nigeria Daniel Amokachi

One-club men

[edit]
Former team captain Hüsnü Savman (left) alongside Fikret Arıcan, former player, coach and president of Fenerbahçe during Istanbul derby (1932). The duo also represented Turkey at 1936 Summer Olympics.
As of 31 July 2025[193]
Years Nat Name Apps Goals Ref
1927–1944 Turkey Hüsnü Savman 294 42 [208]
1930–1950 Turkey Şeref Görkey N/A 320 [209]
1931–1948 Turkey Hakkı Yeten 439 382 [210]
1932–1947 Turkey Mehmet Ali Tanman 354 0 [211]
1938-1948 Turkey Sabri Gençsoy 137 61
1943–1955 Turkey Faruk Sağnak 273 25 [212]
1946–1954 Turkey Süleyman Seba N/A 44 [213]
1955–1971 Turkey Ahmet Özacar 313 100 [214]
1962–1975 Turkey Sanlı Sarıalioğlu 314 65 [215]
1977–1984 Turkey Süleyman Oktay 117 5 [216]
1980–1996 Turkey Rıza Çalımbay 401 37 [217]
2009– Turkey Necip Uysal 464 6 [218]
2017– Turkey Ersin Destanoğlu 119 0 [219]

Coaching history

[edit]
As of 18 January 2025[190]

The football team was managed by Turkish and European coaches over 100 years of its existence. The first known coach of the team was Şeref Bey who managed team between 1911 and 1925.[220] He is also the longest serving coach of the team, coaching for 14 years. The most successful coach is Gordon Milne, winning the league three times in a row along with other trophies, as well.[221]

 
Name Nationality Tenure
Şeref Bey Ottoman EmpireTurkey 1911–1925
Imre Zinger Hungary 1925–1935
Refik Osman Top Turkey 1935–1944
Charles Howard England 1944–1946
Refik Osman Top Turkey 1946–1948
Giuseppe Meazza Italy 1948–1949
Hakkı Yeten Turkey 1949
Eric Keen England 1949–1950
Hakkı Yeten Turkey 1950–1951
Alfred Cable England 1951–1952
Sadri Usuoğlu Turkey 1952–1953
Sandro Puppo Italy 1 Jul 1953–30 Jun 1954
Cihat Arman Turkey 1955–1956
József Mészaros Hungary 1 Jul 1956–30 Jun 1957
Eşref Bilgiç Turkey 1957
Leandro Remondini Italy 1 Jul 1957–31 Dec 1958
Hüseyin Saygun Turkey 1959
András Kuttik Hungary 1 Jul 1959–30 Jun 1960
Sandro Puppo Italy 1 Jul 1960–30 Jun 1961
Şeref Görkey Turkey 1961
András Kuttik Hungary 1 Jul 1961–30 Jun 1962
Ljubiša Spajić Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia 1 Jul 1962–30 Jun 1963
Ernst Melchior Austria 1963–1964
Ljubiša Spajić Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia 1 Jul 1964–30 Jun 1967
Jane Janevski 1967–1968
Krum Milev Bulgaria 1968–1969
Milovan Ćirić Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia 1969–1970
Dumitru Teodorescu Romania 1970–1971
Gündüz Kılıç Turkey 1971–1972
Abdulah Gegić Socialist Federal Republic of YugoslaviaTurkey 1 Jul 1972–1973
Metin Türel Turkey 1973–1974
Horst Buhtz Germany 1974–1975
Gündüz Tekin Onay Turkey 1975–1976
İsmet Arıkan 1977
Miloš Milutinović Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia 1 Jul 1977–30 Jun 1978
Doğan Andaç Turkey 1978–1979
Serpil Hamdi Tüzün 1979–1980
Metin Türel 1980
Đorđe Milić Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia 1 Jul 1980–30 Jun 1983
 
Name Nationality Tenure
Ziya Taner Turkey 1983–1984
Branko Stanković Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia 1 Jul 1984–30 Jun 1986
Miloš Milutinović 1 Jul 1986–30 Jun 1987
Gordon Milne England 1 Jul 1987–31 Dec 1993
Christoph Daum Germany 6 Jan 1994–6 May 1996
Rasim Kara Turkey 2 Jul 1996–30 Jun 1997
John Toshack Wales 1 Jul 1997–23 Feb 1999
Karl-Heinz Feldkamp Germany 24 Feb 1999–15 Sep 1999
Hans-Peter Briegel 16 Sep 1999–30 Jun 2000
Nevio Scala Italy 1 Jul 2000–6 Mar 2001
Christoph Daum Germany 7 Mar 2001–11 May 2002
Mircea Lucescu Romania 1 Jul 2002–1 May 2004
Vicente Del Bosque Spain 8 Jun 2004–27 Jan 2005
Rıza Çalımbay Turkey 1 Feb 2005–17 Oct 2005
Jean Tigana France 31 Oct 2005–21 May 2007
Ertuğrul Sağlam Turkey 6 Jul 2007–7 Oct 2008
Mustafa Denizli 9 Oct 2008–4 Jun 2010
Bernd Schuster Germany 1 Jul 2010–15 Mar 2011
Tayfur Havutçu Turkey 17 Mar 2011–13 Jul 2011
Roland Koch Germany 14 Jul 2011–1 Aug 2011
Carlos Carvalhal Portugal 2 Aug 2011–2 Apr 2012
Tayfur Havutçu Turkey 2012
Samet Aybaba 16 Jun 2012–27 May 2013
Slaven Bilić Croatia 26 Jun 2013–31 May 2015
Şenol Güneş Turkey 1 Jun 2015–31 May 2019
Abdullah Avcı 1 Jun 2019–24 Jan 2020
Sergen Yalçın 29 Jan 2020–9 Dec 2021
Önder Karaveli (caretaker)[222] 9 Dec 2021–12 Jan 2022
Önder Karaveli 13 Jan 2022–25 March 2022
Valérien Ismaël France 25 Mar 2022–26 October 2022
Şenol Güneş Turkey 28 Oct 2022–6 October 2023
Burak Yılmaz (caretaker) 10 Oct 2023–10 Nov 2023
Rıza Çalımbay 10 Nov 2023–22 Dec 2023
Serdar Topraktepe (caretaker) 22 Dec 2023–7 Jan 2024
Fernando Santos Portugal 7 Jan 2024–13 Apr 2024
Serdar Topraktepe (caretaker) Turkey 13 Apr 2024–5 Jun 2024
Giovanni van Bronckhorst Netherlands 5 Jun 2024–30 Nov 2024
Serdar Topraktepe (caretaker) Turkey 30 Nov 2024–18 Jan 2025
Ole Gunnar Solskjær Norway 18 Jan 2025–Present

Presidential history

[edit]
Main article: List of Beşiktaş J.K. presidents
As of 29 November 2024[223][224]
 
Years Name
1903–08 (1) Mehmet Şamil Şhaplı
1908–11 (2) Şükrü Paşa
1911–18 (3) Fuat Paşa
1918–23 (4) Fuat Balkan
1923–24 (5) Salih Bey
1924–26 (6) Ahmet Fetgeri Aşeni
1926–28 Fuat Balkan
1928–30 Ahmet Fetgeri Aşeni
1930–32 (7) Emin Şükrü Kunt
1932–35 (8) A. Ziya Karamürsel
1935–38 Fuat Balkan
1938–39 A. Ziya Karamürsel
1939–41 (9) Yusuf Ziya Erdem
1941–42 A. Ziya Karamürsel
1942–50 (10) A. Ziya Kozanoğlu
1950 (11) Ekrem Amaç
 
Years Name
1950–52 (12) Salih Keçeci
1952–55 A. Ziya Kozanoğlu
1955–56 (13) Tahir Söğütlü
1956–57 (14) Danyal Akbel
1957 (15) Ferhat Nasır
1957–58 (16) Nuri Togay
1958 (17) Enver Kaya
1958–60 Nuri Togay
1960–63 (18) Hakkı Yeten
1963–64 (19) Selahattin Akel
1964–66 Hakkı Yeten
1966–67 (20) Hasan Salman
1967–68 Hakkı Yeten
1968–69 (21) Talat Asal
1969–70 (22) Rüştü Erkuş
1970 Nuri Togay
 
Years Name
1970–71 (23) Agasi Şen
1971–72 (24) Himmet Ünlü
1972–73 (25) Şekip Okçuoğlu
1973–77 (26) Mehmet Üstünkaya
1977–79 (27) Gazi Akınal
1979 (28) Hüseyin Cevahir
1979–80 Gazi Akınal
1980–81 (29) Rıza Kumruoğlu
1981–84 Mehmet Üstünkaya
1984–00 (30) Süleyman Seba
2000–04 (31) Serdar Bilgili
2004–12 (32) Yıldırım Demirören
2012–19 (33) Fikret Orman
2019–23 (34) Ahmet Nur Çebi
2023–24 (35) Hasan Arat

Sponsorships

[edit]
2020–21 season team kits with main sponsporship of Beko, exhibited in front of Beşiktaş Stadium
As of 20 June 2023[225]
List of kit suppliers and sponsorships of Beşiktaş J.K. men's football department
Season Kit Supplier Shirt Sleeve Backside Shorts
1977–78 — — Pereja — —
1980–81 KİP —
1981–82 Shirt: Umbro, Shorts: Adidas Bako
1982–83 Umbro Anka
1983–84 Doysan, Bağbank
1984–85 Sony
1985–86 Sport
1986–87 Adidas Beslen Makarna
1987–88 Toshiba, Titibank
1988–89 Titibank, Bozkurt Mensucat
1989–90 Demirdöküm, Aygaz Fırın
1990–91 Beko
1991–92
1992–93
1993–94
1994–95
1995–96
1996–97
1997–98
1998–99 Reebok
1999–00
2000–01
2001–02 Puma Avea
2002–03
2003–04 Turkcell
2004–05 Turkcell
2005–06 Umbro Cola Turka Avea
2006–07
2007–08
2008–09
2009–10 Adidas
2010–11
2011–12 Toyota Ülker
2012–13
2013–14 — Kalde Bahçeşehir Koleji
2014–15 Vodafone Kalde Beko —
2015–16 Coca-Cola
2016–17
2017–18
2018–19 Bahçeşehir Koleji
2019–20
2019–20 Aksa
2020–21 Beko Güriş Aksa
2021–22 Sompo Japan
2022–23 Rain Aksa Beko Nesine.com
2023–24 Nesine.com, Papara Pasha Group
2024–25 Beko Nesine, Papara Safi Çimento Bahçeşehir University, Pasha Group

Affiliated clubs

[edit]

The following clubs are currently affiliated with Beşiktaş J.K.:

References

[edit]
Notes
  1. ^ Known as UEFA Cup until 2008–09 season.
  2. ^ 1923–24 Istanbul Football League champion squad (2–3–5 formation): Goalkeeper: Sadri Usuoğlu, Defenders: Tevfik Martı, Refik Osman Top, Midfielders: Bahattin, Cavit Altındal, Şahap, Forwards: Nafi, Abdi Aksoyman, Edip, Hasan, Saadet.[23]
  3. ^ According to club's official website, football was started to be practiced throughout 1910s, and particularly from 1911, following the merger of Ahmed Şerafettin's previous club "Valideçeşme" and Beşiktaş.[20] According to Mehmet Yüce's "Osmanlı Melekleri: Futbol Tarihimizin Kadim Devreleri Türkiye Futbol Tarihi – Birinci Cilt", football had been begun to be practiced in August 1910.[24] As cited in Mehmet Dumlupunar's "Beşiktaş Tarihi İlkleriyle Unutulmayanlarıyla Yüzüncü Yılında", football activities had been started in August 1911.[25]
  4. ^ Goals across all competitions.
Citations
  1. ^ "Beşiktaş Jimnastik Kulübü Derneği Tüzüğü" [Beşiktaş Jimnastik Kulübü, Charter of Association] (in Turkish). Beşiktaş J.K. Archived from the original on 17 February 2019. Retrieved 28 July 2021. Derneğin Adı: Madde 1.: Derneğin adı, Beşiktaş Jimnastik Kulübü'dür. Kısa adı BJK'dır. Bu tüzükte Kulüp olarak anılacaktır.
  2. ^ "Kara Kartallar Efsanesi" [Legend of Black Eagles] (in Turkish). Beşiktaş J.K. 22 October 2004. Archived from the original on 27 July 2021. Retrieved 28 July 2021.
  3. ^ Yelkenci, Şener (10 July 2005). "Turkey – Club Nicknames". Rec.Sport.Soccer Statistics Foundation. Archived from the original on 8 January 2014. Retrieved 28 July 2021.
  4. ^ "Beşiktaş son 23 yılın en iyisi!" [Beşiktaş [are] the best of [the last] 23 years!] (in Turkish). Milliyet. 24 December 2014. Archived from the original on 2 September 2021. Retrieved 2 September 2021.
  5. ^ "Kuruluş" [Foundation] (in Turkish). Beşiktaş J.K. Archived from the original on 26 March 2021. Retrieved 28 July 2021. 1903 Mart'ında ise özel bir izinle Bereket Jimnastik Kulübü kuruldu.
  6. ^ "Stadium of the Year 2016 – StadiumDB.com". stadiumdb.com. Retrieved 12 December 2021.
  7. ^ "Liverpool FC & Las Vegas project pipped by Besiktas Vodafone Park for stadium 'Project of the Year Award'". Turkish Football. 30 November 2017. Archived from the original on 22 December 2017. Retrieved 12 December 2021.
  8. ^ UEFA.com (1 July 2018). "Club coefficients | UEFA rankings". UEFA. Retrieved 17 April 2024.
  9. ^ Batuman, Elif (27 February 2011). "The View from the Stands". The New Yorker. Archived from the original on 27 June 2021. Retrieved 27 June 2021.
  10. ^ Tozar, Türker (20 February 2018). "What makes round of 16 debutants Beşiktaş special?". UEFA. Archived from the original on 27 June 2021. Retrieved 27 June 2021.
  11. ^ McManus, John (24 November 2009). "Besiktas fans reveal united front". BBC. Retrieved 27 June 2021.
  12. ^ "Atatürk Olimpiyat Stadı'nda seyirci rekoru" [Attendance Record at Atatürk Olympic Stadium] (in Turkish). Istanbul: Sözcü. 22 September 2013. Archived from the original on 6 October 2019. Retrieved 9 August 2021.
  13. ^ "Beşiktaş-Galatasaray derbisinde 76 bin 127 seyirci" [76 thousand and 127 spectators at Beşiktaş-Galatasaray derby] (in Turkish). Milliyet. 1 December 2017. Archived from the original on 9 August 2021. Retrieved 9 August 2021.
  14. ^ "Kulüp Hakkında" [About Club] (in Turkish). Beşiktaş J.K. Archived from the original on 25 June 2021. Retrieved 25 June 2021.
  15. ^ zaman, Yazar : bizim. "Bizimzaman: 4 Martta Neler Oldu? Tarihte 4 Martta Yaşananlar Neler? Tarihte 4 Mart".
  16. ^ Yüce 2014, p. 133.
  17. ^ a b c d "Founding Years". Beşiktaş J.K. Archived from the original on 28 July 2021. Retrieved 28 July 2021.
  18. ^ a b c Yurttaş 1995, p. 14.
  19. ^ Yurttaş 1995, p. 16.
  20. ^ a b c "Beşiktaş and Football". Beşiktaş J.K. Archived from the original on 13 May 2020. Retrieved 28 July 2021.
  21. ^ Yurttaş 1995, p. 19.
  22. ^ "Beşiktaş JK's First Crest and Colours". Beşiktaş J.K. Archived from the original on 28 July 2021. Retrieved 28 July 2021.
  23. ^ "İstanbul Ligi 1923–1924" (in Turkish). turkfutbolu.net. Archived from the original on 3 October 2013. Retrieved 19 July 2015.
  24. ^ Yüce 2014, p. 136.
  25. ^ Durupınar 2002, p. 17.
  26. ^ "War Years". Beşiktaş J.K. Archived from the original on 28 July 2021. Retrieved 28 July 2021.
  27. ^ Yüce 2015, p. 83.
  28. ^ Yüce 2015, p. 293.
  29. ^ Yüce 2015, p. 304.
  30. ^ Yüce 2015, p. 337.
  31. ^ Yüce 2015, p. 346.
  32. ^ Yüce 2015, p. 349.
  33. ^ Yüce 2015, p. 355.
  34. ^ Yüce 2015, p. 381.
  35. ^ Yüce 2015, p. 373.
  36. ^ Yüce 2015, p. 385.
  37. ^ Yüce 2015, p. 427.
  38. ^ Yüce 2015, p. 439.
  39. ^ Yüce 2015, p. 418.
  40. ^ Yüce 2015, p. 449.
  41. ^ Irak 2013, p. 169.
  42. ^ "US American trip of Beşiktaş 1950". www.rsssf.org. Retrieved 24 March 2025.
  43. ^ "50. sezona merhaba!". Turkish Football Federation (TFF) (in Turkish). 1 August 2007. Retrieved 3 August 2025.
  44. ^ {"Türk Futbolunda Profesyonellik Talimatnamesi (1951)". Futbol Ekonomi (in Turkish). 3 January 2017. Retrieved 3 August 2025.
  45. ^ "Turkey 1959 (Millî Lig)". RSSSF. Retrieved 3 August 2025.
  46. ^ "Süper Lig tarihçe". TFF (in Turkish). Retrieved 3 August 2025.
  47. ^ "Macar hocalarımız (1959–60 vurgusu)". TFF (in Turkish). 23 March 2013. Retrieved 3 August 2025.
  48. ^ "SK Rapid 4–0 Beşiktaş (1960/61)". UEFA.com. Retrieved 3 August 2025.}
  49. ^ "Beşiktaş 1–0 SK Rapid (1960/61)". UEFA.com. Retrieved 3 August 2025.
  50. ^ "Süper Lig tarihçe (şampiyonluk arşivi)". TFF (in Turkish). Retrieved 3 August 2025.
  51. ^ {"Türkcell Süper Kupa Tarihçesi (Cumhurbaşkanlığı Kupası)". TFF (in Turkish). Retrieved 3 August 2025.
  52. ^ "1973–1974 sezonu (puan/sonuç arşivi)". TFF (in Turkish). Retrieved 3 August 2025.
  53. ^ "Ve Hasret Sona Eriyor!". TFF (in Turkish). 13 May 2016. Retrieved 3 August 2025.
  54. ^ "Turkey – List of champions". RSSSF. Retrieved 3 August 2025.
  55. ^ "Beşiktaş 0–5 Dynamo Kyiv (QF, 1st leg)". UEFA.com. Retrieved 3 August 2025.
  56. ^ "Dynamo Kyiv 2–0 Beşiktaş (QF, 2nd leg)". UEFA.com. Retrieved 3 August 2025.
  57. ^ "Gordon Milne: 'My time at Beşiktaş was a fairytale'". Daily Sabah. 6 March 2016. Retrieved 3 August 2025.
  58. ^ "Gordon Milne: 'Beşiktaş was a fairytale'". Anadolu Agency. 4 March 2016. Retrieved 3 August 2025.
  59. ^ "Beşiktaş'ın efsane üçlüsü (Metin–Ali–Feyyaz)". Anadolu Agency (in Turkish). 29 January 2018. Retrieved 3 August 2025.
  60. ^ "What makes round of 16 debutants Beşiktaş special?". UEFA.com. 20 February 2018. Retrieved 3 August 2025.
  61. ^ "Süper Lig – champions archive". Turkish Football Federation (in Turkish). Retrieved 3 August 2025.
  62. ^ "Süper Lig'in 'farklı' skorları". Anadolu Agency (in Turkish). 12 August 2019. Retrieved 3 August 2025.
  63. ^ "15.10.1989 Beşiktaş–Adana Demirspor: 10–0". Beşiktaş JK (official) (in Turkish). 15 October 1989. Retrieved 3 August 2025.
  64. ^ "Beşiktaş 0–0 PSV – European Cup 1991/92". UEFA.com. Retrieved 3 August 2025.
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Books
  • Durupınar, Mehmet (2002). Beşiktaş Tarihi İlkleriyle Unutulmayanlarıyla Yüzüncü Yılında (in Turkish). Istanbul: Yapı Kredi Yayınları. ISBN 975-080-456-2.
  • Irak, Dağhan (2013). "From Battlefields to Football Fields: Turkish Sports Diplomacy in the Post-Second World War Period". In Örnek, Cangül; Üngör, Çağdaş (eds.). Turkey in the Cold War. London: Palgrave Macmillan. pp. 158–173. doi:10.1057/9781137326690_8.
  • Yurttaş, Gürel (1995). Kartal'ın Pençesi (in Turkish). Istanbul: AD Yayıncılık. ISBN 975-325-017-7.
  • Yüce, Mehmet (2014). Osmanlı Melekleri: Futbol Tarihimizin Kadim Devreleri Türkiye Futbol Tarihi – Birinci Cilt (in Turkish). Istanbul: İletişim Yayınları. ISBN 9789750515804.
  • Yüce, Mehmet (2015). İdmancı Ruhlar: Futbol Tarihimizin Klasik Devreleri: 1923–1952 Türkiye Futbol Tarihi – 2. Cilt (in Turkish). Istanbul: İletişim Yayınları. ISBN 9789750516955.
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